References
- Rappaport TS, Sun S, Mayzus R, et al. Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5G cellular: It will work!. IEEE Access. 2013;1:335–349.
- A Technology Vision-Huawei. Shenzhen: China. 2013. Available from: HW_329327.pdf (huawei.com).
- Gubbi J, Buyya R, Marusic S, et al. Internet of things (IoT): a vision, architectural elements, and future directions. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2013;29(7):1645–1660.
- Jha KR, Bukhari B, Singh C, et al. Compact planar multi-standard MIMO antennas for IOT applications. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2018;66(7):3327–3336.
- Rappaport TS, Xing Y, MacCartney GR, et al. Overview of millimeter wave communications for fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks – with a focus on propagation models. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2017;65(12):6213–6230.
- Hong W, Jiang ZH, Yu C, et al. Multibeam antenna technologies for 5G wireless communications. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2017;65(12):6231–6249.
- Liu D, Hong W, Rappaport TS, et al. What will 5G antennas and propagation be? IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2017;65(12):6205–6212.
- Marcus MJ. 5G and “IMT for 2020 and beyond”. IEEE Wirel Commun. 2015;22(4):2–3.
- Al-Saif H, Usman M, Chughtai MT, et al. Compact ultra-wide band MIMO antenna system for lower 5G bands. Wirel Commun Mob Comput. 2018. Article ID 2396873.
- Watanabe F. Real challenge of mobile networks toward 5G – an expectation for antennas & propagation. IEICE Trans Commun. 2019;E102.B(2):182–188.
- Yang QL, Ban YL, Kang K, et al. SIW multibeam array for 5G mobile devices. IEEE Access. 2016;4:2788–2796.
- Yu B, Yang K, Sim CYD, et al. A novel 28 GHz beam steering array for 5G mobile device with metallic casing application. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2018;66(1):462–466.
- Ojaroudiparchin N, Shen M, Zhang S, et al. A switchable 3-D-coverage-phased array antenna package for 5G mobile terminals. IEEE Antennas Wirel Propag Letts. 2016;15:1747–1750.
- Yang B, Yu Z, Lan J, et al. Digital beamforming-based massive MIMO transceiver for 5G millimeter wave communications. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech. 2018;66(7):3403–3418.
- Kim Y, Hong W. Coexistence issues concerning 4G and mm wave 5G antennas for mobile terminals. In: Proceedings of the 6th Asia Pacific Conference on Antennas Propag.; 2017 Oct. 16-19; Shaanxi, China, p. 1–3.
- Ban YL, Li C, Sim CYD, et al. 4G/5G multiple antennas for future multi-mode smartphone applications. IEEE Access. 2016;4:2981–2988.
- Yassin ME, Mohamed HA, Abdallah EAF, et al. Single-fed 4G/5G multiband 2.4/5.5/28 GHz antenna. IET Microw Antennas Propag. 2019;13(3):286–290.
- Leung M. 3D Simulation software | SIMULIA Systems. Available from: https://www.cst.com/solutions/article/simulation-enabled-5g-antenna-desgin.
- Biswal SP, Sharma SK, Das S. Collocated microstrip slot MIMO antennas for cellular bands along with 5G phased array antenna for user equipments (UEs). IEEE Access. 2020;8:209138–209152.
- Kurvinen J, Kähkönen H, Lehtovuori A, et al. Co-designed mm-wave and LTE handset antennas. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2019;67(3):1545–1552.
- Taheri MMS, Abdipour A, Zhang S, et al. Integrated millimeter-wave wideband end-fire 5G beam steerable array and low-frequency 4G LTE antenna in mobile terminals. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2019;68(4):4042–4046.
- Cano RR, Zhang S, Zhao K, et al. Reduction of main beam-blockage in an integrated 5G array with a metal-frame antenna. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2019;67(5):3161–3170.
- Ikram M, Abbas EA, Trong NN, et al. Integrated frequency-reconfigurable slot antenna and connected slot antenna array for 4G and 5G mobile handsets. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2019;67(12):7225–7233.
- Naqvi SI, Naqvi AH, Arshad F, et al. An integrated antenna system for 4G and millimeter-wave 5G future handheld devices. IEEE Access. 2019;7:116555–116566.
- Lau BK, Manteuffel D, Arai H, et al. Guest editorial theory and applications of characteristic modes. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2016;64(7):2590–2595.
- Wu Q. General metallic-dielectric structures: a characteristic mode analysis using volume surface formulations. IEEE Antennas Propag Magz. 2019;61(3):27–36.
- Wang C, Chen Y, Yang S. Bandwidth enhancement of a dual–polarized slot antenna using characteristic modes. IEEE Antennas Wirel Propag Letts. 2018;17(6):988–992.
- Jha KR, Sharma SK. Combination of MIMO antennas for handheld devices. IEEE Antennas Propag Magz. 2018;60(1):118–131.
- Genovesi S, Candia AD, Monorchio A. Compact and low profile frequency agile antenna for multistandard wireless communication systems. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. 2016;62(3):1019–1026.
- Miers ZT. Systematic antenna design using the theory of characteristic modes [dissertation]. Sweden: Lund University Sweden; 2016.
- Chen Y, Wang CF. Characteristic modes: theory and applications in antenna engineering. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons; 2015.
- Balanis CA. Antenna theory and design. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons; 2001.