Publication Cover
School Effectiveness and School Improvement
An International Journal of Research, Policy and Practice
Volume 22, 2011 - Issue 4
2,485
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Why they quit: a focused look at teachers who leave for other occupations

&
Pages 371-392 | Received 18 Oct 2010, Accepted 22 Feb 2011, Published online: 25 Aug 2011

References

  • Baker , D.P and Smith , T.M . 1997 . Three trends in the condition of education in the United States . Teachers College Record , 99 : 12 – 61 .
  • Baron , R.M and Kenny , D.A . 1986 . The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 51 : 1173 – 1182 .
  • Blase , J and Kirby , P . 1992 . Bringing out the best in teachers: What effective principals do , Newbury Park, CA : Corwin Press .
  • Boe , E.E , Bobbitt , S.A , Cook , L.H , Whitener , S.D and Weber , A.L . 1997 . Why didst thou go? Predictors of retention, transfer, and attrition of special and general education teachers from a national perspective . The Journal of Special Education , 30 : 390 – 411 .
  • Brewer , D . 1996 . Career paths and quit decisions: Evidence from teaching . Journal of Labor Economics , 14 : 313 – 339 .
  • Brown , K.M and Wynn , S.R . 2009 . Finding, supporting, and keeping: The role of the principal in teacher retention issues . Leadership & Policy in Schools , 8 : 37 – 63 .
  • Byrne , B.M . 1998 . Structural equation modeling with LISREL, PRELIS, and SIMPLIS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
  • Cappella , E and Weinstein , R.S . 2001 . Turning around reading achievement: Predictors of high school students' academic resilience . Journal of Educational Psychology , 93 : 758 – 771 .
  • Clift , R.T , Veal , M.L , Holland , P , Johnson , M and McCarthy , J . 1995 . Collaborative leadership and shared decision making: Teachers, principals, and university professors , New York, NY : Teachers College Press .
  • Coffman , D.L and MacCallum , R.C . 2005 . Using parcels to convert path analysis models into latent variable models . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 40 : 235 – 259 .
  • Conley , S . 1991 . “ Review of research on teacher participation in school decision making ” . In Review of research in education , Edited by: Grant , G . 225 – 266 . Washington, DC : American Educational Research Association .
  • Cooperman , S . 2000, January 26 . “ The sky is not falling! ” . In Education Week, 19
  • Cudeck , R and Browne , M.W . 1993 . “ Alternative ways of assessing model fit ” . In Testing structural equation models , Edited by: Bollen , K.A and Long , J.S . 1 – 9 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Evans , L . 2001 . Delving deeper into morale, job satisfaction and motivation among education professionals: Re-examining the leadership dimension . Educational Management Administration & Leadership , 29 : 291 – 306 .
  • Evertson , C.M and Weinstein , C.S . 2006 . The handbook of classroom management: Research, practice, & contemporary issues , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
  • Fan , X , Thompson , B and Wang , L . 1999 . Effects of sample size, estimation methods, and model specification on structural equation modeling fit indexes . Structural Equation Modeling , 6 : 56 – 83 .
  • Fan , X and Wang , L . 1998 . Effects of potential confounding factors on fit indices and parameter estimates for true and misspecified SEM models . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 58 : 701 – 735 .
  • Fraser , H , Draper , J and Taylor , W . 1998 . The quality of teachers' professional lives: Teachers and job satisfaction . Evaluation & Research in Education , 12 : 61 – 71 .
  • Grissmer , D.W and Kirby , S.N . 1997 . Teacher turnover and teacher quality . Teachers College Record , 99 : 45 – 56 .
  • Gritz , R.M and Theobald , N.D . 1996 . The effects of school district spending priorities on length of stay in teaching . Journal of Human Resources , 31 : 477 – 512 .
  • Gruber , K.J , Wiley , S.D , Broughman , S.P , Strizek , G.A and Burian-Fitzgerald , M . 2002 . Schools and staffing survey, 1999–2000: Overview of the data for public, private, public charter, and bureau of indian affairs elementary and secondary schools , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S .
  • Guskey , T.R and Peterson , K.D . 1996 . The road to classroom change. Educational Le . adership , 53 ( 4) : 10 – 14 .
  • Guskey , T.R and Sparks , D . 1991 . What to consider when evaluating staff development . Educational Leadership , 49 ( 3) : 73 – 76 .
  • Hahs-Vaughn , D.L and Lomax , R.G . 2006 . Utilization of sample weights in single-level structural equation modeling . The Journal of Experimental Education , 74 : 161 – 190 .
  • Hair , J.F , Anderson , R.E , Tatham , R.L and Black , W.C . 1998 . Multivariate data analysis , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Hanushek , E.A , Kain , J.F and Rivkin , S.G . 1999 . Do higher salaries buy better teachers? (Working Paper No. 7082) , Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research .
  • Hanushek , E.A , Kain , J.F and Rivkin , S.G . 2004 . Why public schools lose teachers? . Journal of Human Resources , 39 : 326 – 354 .
  • Hanushek , E.A and Rivkin , S.G . 2007 . Pay, working conditions, and teacher quality . The Future of Children , 17 ( 1) : 69 – 86 .
  • Harris , D.N and Adams , S.J . 2007 . Understanding the level and causes of teacher turnover: A comparison with other professions . Economics of Education Review , 26 : 325 – 337 .
  • Hirsch , E , Emerick , S , Church , K and Fuller , E . 2007 . Teacher working conditions are student learning conditions: A report on the 2006 North Carolina Teacher Working Conditions Survey , Hillsborough, NC : The Center for Teaching Quality .
  • Hirsch , E , Koppich , J and Knapp , M . 2001 . Revisiting what states are doing to improve the quality of teaching: An update on patterns and trends (Working Paper No. Document W-01-1) , Seattle, WA : University of Washington .
  • Hoyle , R.H . 1995 . Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Imazeki , J . 2005 . Teacher salaries and teacher attrition . Economics of Education Review , 24 : 431 – 449 .
  • Ingersoll , R.M . 2000 . “ The status of teaching as a profession ” . In Schools and society: A sociological approach to education (pp , Edited by: Ballentine , J and Spade , J . 106 – 118 . Belmont, CA : Wadsworth Press .
  • Ingersoll , R.M . 2001 . Teacher turnover, teacher shortages, and the organization of schools (No. Document R–01–1) , Seattle, WA : University of Washington .
  • Ingersoll , R.M . 2003 . Is there really a teacher shortage? , Seattle, WA : Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy .
  • Ingersoll , R.M , Alsalam , N , Quinn , P and Bobbitt , S . 1997 . Teacher professionalization and teacher commitment: A multilevel analysis (No. NCES 97069) , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S .
  • Jacob , B.A and Lefgren , L . 2004 . The impact of teacher training on student achievement: Quasi-experimental evidence from school reform efforts in Chicago . The Journal of Human Resources , 39 : 50 – 79 .
  • Johnson , S.M and Birkeland , S.E . 2003a . Pursuing a “sense of success”: New teachers explain their career decisions . American Educational Research Journal , 40 : 581 – 617 .
  • Johnson , S.M and Birkeland , S.E . 2003b . The schools that teachers choose . Educational Leadership , 60 ( 8) : 20 – 24 .
  • Jöreskog , K.G and Sörbom , D . 1993 . LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language , Chicago, IL : Scientific Software International .
  • Kelloway , E.K . 1998 . Using LISREL for structural equation modeling: A researcher's guide , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Kirby , S.N , Berends , M and Naftel , S . 1999 . Supply and demand of minority teachers in Texas: Problems and prospects . Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis , 21 : 47 – 66 .
  • Kline , R.B . 2005 . Principles and practices of structural equation modeling , New York, NY : Guilford Press .
  • Landis , R.S , Beal , D.J and Tesluk , P.E . 2000 . A comparison of approaches to forming composite measures in structural equation models . Organizational Research Methods , 3 : 186 – 207 .
  • Lankford , H , Loeb , S and Wyckoff , J . 2002 . Teacher sorting and the plight of urban schools: A descriptive analysis . Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis , 24 : 37 – 62 .
  • Loeb , S , Darling-Hammond , L and Luczak , J . 2005 . How teaching conditions predict teacher turnover in California schools . Peabody Journal of Education , 80 ( 3 ) : 44 – 70 .
  • Louis , K.S . 1998 . Effects of teacher quality of work life in secondary schools on commitment and sense of efficacy . School Effectiveness and School Improvement , 9 : 1 – 27 .
  • Luekens , M.T , Lyter , D.M and Fox , E.E . 2004 . Teacher attrition and mobility: Results from the Teacher Follow-up Survey, 2000–01 (NCES 2004–301) , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S .
  • Macdonald , D . 1999 . Teacher attrition: A review of literature . Teaching and Teacher Education , 15 : 835 – 848 .
  • MacKinnon , D.P , Lockwood , C.M , Hoffman , J.M , West , S.G and Sheets , V . 2002 . A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects . Psychological Methods , 7 : 83 – 104 .
  • Miller , D.C and Byrnes , J.P . 2001 . To achieve or not to achieve: A self-regulation perspective on adolescents' academic decision making . Journal of Educational Psychology , 93 : 677 – 685 .
  • Mont , D and Rees , D.I . 1996 . The influence of classroom characteristics on high school teacher turnover . Economic Inquiry , 34 : 152 – 167 .
  • Murnane , R.J , Singer , J.D , Willett , J.B , Kemple , J.J and Olsen , R.J . 1991 . Who will teach? Policies that matter , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Ostroff , C . 1992 . The relationship between satisfaction, attitudes, and performance: An organizational level analysis . Journal of Applied Psychology , 77 : 963 – 974 .
  • Perie , M and Baker , D.P . 1997 . Job satisfaction among America's teachers: Effects of workplace conditions, background characteristics, and teacher compensation (Statistical Analysis Report No. NCES 97–471) , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S .
  • Reed , D , Rueben , K.S and Barbour , E . 2006 . Retention of new teachers in California , San Francisco, CA : Public Policy Institute of California .
  • Rothstein , R . 2002, September 25 . Teacher shortages are usually a myth . New York Times ,
  • Smith , T.M and Ingersoll , R.M . 2004 . What are the effects of induction and mentoring on beginning teacher turnover? . American Educational Research Journal , 41 : 681 – 714 .
  • Smith , T.M and Rowley , K.J . 2005 . Enhancing commitment or tightening control: The function of teacher professional development in an era of accountability . Educational Policy , 19 : 126 – 154 .
  • Stinebrickner , T.R . 1998 . An empirical investigation of teacher attrition . Economics of Education Review , 17 : 127 – 136 .
  • Stockard , J and Lehman , M.B . 2004 . Influences on the satisfaction and retention of 1st-year teachers: The importance of effective school management . Educational Administration Quarterly , 40 : 742 – 771 .
  • Strizek , G.A , Pittsonberger , J.L , Riordan , K.E , Lyter , D.M and Orlofsky , G.F . 2006 . Characteristics of schools, districts, teachers, principals, and school libraries in the United States: 2003–04 Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES 2006–313 Revised) , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S .
  • Strunk , K.O and Robinson , J.P . 2006 . Oh, won't you stay?: A multilevel analysis of the difficulties in retaining qualified teachers . Peabody Journal of Education , 81 ( 4 ) : 65 – 94 .
  • Texas Center for Education Research. ( . 2002 . The cost of teacher turnover , Austin, TX : Texas State Board for Educator Certification .
  • Thomas , S.L and Heck , R.H . 2001 . Analysis of large-scale secondary data in higher education research: Potential perils associated with complex sampling designs . Research in Higher Education , 42 : 517 – 540 .
  • Tomarken , A.J and Waller , N.G . 2005 . Structural equation modeling: Strengths, limitations, and misconceptions . Annual Review of Clinical Psychology , 1 : 31 – 65 .
  • Weiss , E.M . 1999 . Perceived workplace conditions and first-year teachers' morale, career choice commitment, and planned retention: A secondary analysis . Teaching and Teacher Education , 15 : 861 – 879 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.