REFERENCES
- Gouveia EB, Elmann D, Morales MS. Ankylosing spondylitis and uveitis: overview. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2012;52:742–756.
- Lawrence RC, Helmick CG, Arnett FC, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and selected musculoskeletal disorders in the United States. Arthritis Rheum. 1998;41:778–799.
- Rosenbaum JT. Acute anterior uveitis and spondyloarthropathies. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1992;18:143–151.
- Kim TJ, Kim TH. Clinical spectrum of ankylosing spondylitis in Korea. Joint Bone Spine. 2010;77:235–240.
- Sampaio-Barros PD, Conde RA, Bonfiglioli R, Bertolo MB, Samara AM. Characterization and outcome of uveitis in 350 patients with spondyloarthropathies. Rheumatol Int. 2006;26:1143–1146.
- Khan MA, Haroon M, Rosenbaum JT. Acute anterior uveitis and spondyloarthritis: more than meets the eye. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2015;17:536.
- Gran JT, Skomsvoll JF. The outcome of ankylosing spondylitis: a study of 100 patients. Br J Rheumatol. 1997;36:766–771.
- Robertson LP, Davis MJ. A longitudinal study of disease activity and functional status in a hospital cohort of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004;43:1565–1568.
- Chen CH, Lin KC, Chen HA, et al. Association of acute anterior uveitis with disease activity, functional ability and physical mobility in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study of Chinese patients in Taiwan. Clin Rheumatol. 2007;26:953–957.
- Accorinti M, Iannetti L, Liverani M, Caggiano C, Gilardi M. Clinical features and prognosis of HLA B27-associated acute anterior uveitis in an Italian patient population. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2010;18:91–96.
- Reveille JD, Ball EJ, Khan MA. HLA-B27 and genetic predisposing factors in spondyloarthropathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2001;13:265–272.
- Brewerton DA, Caffrey M, Nicholls A, Walters D, James DC. Acute anterior uveitis and HL-A 27. Lancet. 1973;302:994–996.
- Chang JH, McCluskey PJ, Wakefield D. Acute anterior uveitis and HLA-B27. Surv Ophthalmol. 2005;50:364–388.
- Linssen A, Meenken C. Outcomes of HLA-B27-positive and HLA-B27-negative acute anterior uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;120:351–361.
- Suhler EB, Martin TM, Rosenbaum JT. HLA-B27-associated uveitis: overview and current perspectives. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2003;14:378–383.
- Pimentel-Santos FM, Matos M, Ligeiro D, et al. HLA alleles and HLA-B27 haplotypes associated with susceptibility and severity of ankylosing spondylitis in a Portuguese population. Tissue Antigens. 2013;82:374–379.
- Konno Y, Numaga J, Tsuchiya N, et al. HLA-B27 subtypes and HLA class II alleles in Japanese patients with anterior uveitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:1838–1844.
- Ji SX, Yin XL, Yuan RD, Zheng Z, Huo Y, Zou H. Clinical features of ankylosing spondylitis associated with acute anterior uveitis in Chinese patients. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5:164–166.
- Van Der Linden S, Valkenburg HA, Cats A. Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum. 1984;27:361–368.
- McKean-Cowdin R, Varma R, Hays RD, et al. Longitudinal changes in visual acuity and health-related quality of life: the Los Angeles Latino eye study. Ophthalmology. 2010;117:1900–1907, 1907, e1901.
- Indaram M, Agron E, Clemons TE, et al. Changes in lens opacities on the age-related eye disease study grading scale predict progression to cataract surgery and vision loss: age-related eye disease study report no. 34. Ophthalmology. 2015;122:888–896.
- Loh AR, Acharya NR. Incidence rates and risk factors for ocular complications and vision loss in HLA-B27-associated uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;150:534–542, e532.
- Kacmaz RO, Kempen JH, Newcomb C, et al. Ocular inflammation in Behcet disease: incidence of ocular complications and of loss of visual acuity. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146:828–836.
- Thorne JE, Woreta F, Kedhar SR, Dunn JP, Jabs DA. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis: incidence of ocular complications and visual acuity loss. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;143:840–846.
- Karaconji T, Maconochie Z, McCluskey P. Acute anterior uveitis in Sydney. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2013;21:108–114.
- Dumbraveanu L, Cusnir V, Groppa L, Calinina L. [HLA B 27 uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis and reactive arthritis]. Oftalmologia. 2010;54:29–35.
- Freedman J. Causes of uveitis in the general practice of ophthalmology. Am J Ophthalmol. 1996;121:732–733.
- Sun L, Wu R, Xue Q, Wang F, Lu P. Risk factors of uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:e4233.
- Wakefield D, Montanaro A, McCluskey P. Acute anterior uveitis and HLA-B27. Surv Ophthalmol. 1991;36:223–232.
- Kim SJ, Chung H, Yu HG. Posterior segment involvement in Korean patients with HLA-B27-associated uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2009;17:26–32.
- Rodriguez A, Akova YA, Pedroza-Seres M, Foster CS. Posterior segment ocular manifestations in patients with HLA-B27-associated uveitis. Ophthalmology. 1994;101:1267–1274.
- Dodds EM, Lowder CY, Meisler DM. Posterior segment inflammation in HLA-B27+ acute anterior uveitis: clinical characteristics. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 1999;7:85–92.
- Bayen H, Bayen MC, De Curzon HP, et al. [Involvement of the posterior eye segment in HLA B27(+) iridocyclitis. Incidence. value of surgical treatment]. J Fr Ophtalmol. 1988;11:561–566.
- Kim M, Won JY, Choi SY, Ju JH, Park YH. Anti-TNFalpha treatment for HLA-B27-positive ankylosing spondylitis-related uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016;170:32–40.