Clinical Features of CMV-Associated Anterior Uveitis

REFERENCES

• Yoser SL, Forster DJ, Rao NA. Systemic viral infections and their retinal and choroidal manifestations. Surv Ophthalmol. 1993;37(5):313–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland GN, Tufail A, Jordan M. Cytomegalovirus diseases. In: Pepose JS, Holland GN, Wilhelmus KR, eds. Ocular Infection and Immunity. St. Louis: Mosby; 1996:1088–1128.
   Google Scholar
• Heiligenhaus A, Helbig H, Fiedler M. Herpesviruses. In: Foster CS, Vitale AT, eds. Diagnosis and Treatment of Uveitis. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2002:315–332.
   Google Scholar
• De Schryver I, Rozenberg F, Cassoux N, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus iridocyclitis without retinal necrosis. Br J Ophthalmol. Jul 2006;90(7):852–855.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markomichelakis NN, Canakis C, Zafirakis P, Marakis T, Mallias I, Theodossiadis G. Cytomegalovirus as a cause of anterior uveitis with sectoral iris atrophy. Ophthalmology. 2002;109(5):879–882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koizumi N, Suzuki T, Uno T, et al. Cytomegalovirus as an etiologic factor in corneal endotheliitis. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(2):292–297.e293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teoh SB, Thean L, Koay E. Cytomegalovirus in aetiology of Posner-Schlossman syndrome: evidence from quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Eye (Lond). 2005;19(12):1338–1340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloch-Michel E, Dussaix E, Cerqueti P, Patarin D. Possible role of cytomegalovirus infection in the etiology of the Posner-Schlossmann syndrome. Int Ophthalmol. 1987;11(2):95–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chee SP, Bacsal K, Jap A, Se-Thoe SY, Cheng CL, Tan BH. Corneal endotheliitis associated with evidence of cytomegalovirus infection. Ophthalmology. Apr 2007;114(4):798–803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chee SP, Bacsal K, Jap A, Se-Thoe SY, Cheng CL, Tan BH. Clinical features of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis in immunocompetent patients. Am J Ophthalmol. May 2008;145(5):834–840.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Boxtel LA, Van Der Lelij A, Van Der Meer J, Los LI. Cytomegalovirus as a cause of anterior uveitis in immunocompetent patients. Ophthalmology. Jul 2007;114(7):1358–1362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart WMJ, Reed CA, Freedman HL, Burde RM. Cytomegalovirus in juvenile iridocyclitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1978;86(3):329–331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knox DL. Clinical features of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis in immunocompetent patients. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146(4):625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park SW, Hg YU. Association of cytomegalovirus with idiopathic chronic anterior uveitis with ocular hypertension in Korean patients. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2013;21(3):192–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chee SP, Jap A. Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: outcome of treatment. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010;94(12):1648–1652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmichael A. Cytomegalovirus and the eye. Eye (Lond). Feb 2012;26(2):237–240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi JA, Kim KS, Jung Y, Park HY, Park CK. Cytomegalovirus as a cause of hypertensive anterior uveitis in immunocompetent patients. J Ophthal Inflamm Infection. Dec 2016;6(1):32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bodaghi BG, Zipeto O. D, Laurent L, Virelizier JL, Michelson S. Role of IFN-gamma-induced indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the replication of human cytomegalovirus in retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Immunol. 1999;162(2):957–964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodaghi B, Jones TR, Zipeto D, et al. Chemokine sequestration by viral chemoreceptors as a novel viral escape strategy: withdrawal of chemokines from the environment of cytomegalovirus-infected cells. J Exp Med. 1998;188(5):855–866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Söderberg-Nauclér C. HCMV microinfections in inflammatory diseases and cancer. J Clin Virol. 2008;41(3):218–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bale JF Jr, O’Neil ME, Hogan RN, Kern ER. Experimental murine cytomegalovirus infection of ocular structures. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102(8):1214–1219.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hayashi K, Kurihara I, Uchida Y. Studies of ocular murine cytomegalovirus infection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985;26(4):486–493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daicker B. Cytomegalovirus panuveitis with infection of corneo-trabecular endothelium in AIDS. Ophthalmologica. 1988;197(4):169–175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodaghi B, Goureau O, Zipeto D, Laurent L, Virelizier JL, Michelson S. Role of IFN-gamma-induced indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the replication of human cytomegalovirus in retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Immunol. 1999;162(2):957–964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lidehall AK, Sund F, Lundberg T, Eriksson BM, Tötterman TH, Korsgren O. T cell control of primary and latent cytomegalovirus infections in healthy subjects. J Clin Immunol. 2005;25(5):473–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims JL, Chee SP. Cytomegalovirus endotheliitis following fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert) implant. Eye (Lond). 2010;24(1):197–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park UC, Kim SJ, Yu HG. Cytomegalovirus endotheliitis after fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert) implant in a patient with Behçet uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011;19(4):282–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ufret-Vincenty RL, Singh RP, Lowder CY, Kaiser PK. Cytomegalovirus retinitis after fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert) implant. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;143(2):334–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Araz B, Cagatay A. CMV retinitis after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in a patient with Behçet’s uveitis. Int Ophthalmol. 2010;30(5):591–593.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siak J, Chee SP. Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis Following Topical Cyclosporine A. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017;27:1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Goyal R, Ram AR. Brimonidine tartarate 0.2% (Alphagan) associated granulomatous anterior uveitis. Eye (Lond). 2000;14(Pt 6):908–910.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cates CA, Jeffrey MN. Granulomatous anterior uveitis associated with 0.2% topical brimonidine. Eye (Lond). 2003;17(5):670–671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warwar RE, Bullock JD, Ballal D. Cystoid macular edema and anterior uveitis associated with latanoprost use. Experience and incidence in a retrospective review of 94 patients. Ophthalmology. 1998;105(2):263–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babu K, Murthy GJ. Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis in immunocompetent individuals following topical prostaglandin analogues. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infec. 2013;3(1):55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghauri AJ, Williams GP, Shah S, Murray PI, Rauz S. Post-phacoemulsification cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis diagnosis and management. JRSM Short Rep. 2012;3(6):42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zamir E, Stawell R, Jhanji V, Vajpayee RB. Corneal endotheliitis triggered by cataract surgery in a Chinese patient with cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2011;39(9):913–915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prösch S, Heine AK, Volk HD, Krüger DH. CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins alpha and beta negatively influence the capacity of tumor necrosis factor alpha to up-regulate the human cytomegalovirus IE1/2 enhancer/promoter by nuclear factor kappaB during monocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(44):40712–40720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prösch S, Staak K, Stein J, et al. Stimulation of the human cytomegalovirus IE enhancer/promoter in HL-60 cells by TNFalpha is mediated via induction of NF-kappaB. Virology. 1995;208(1):197–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng L, Rao NA, Keefe KS, Avila CPJ, Macdonald JC, Freeman WR. Cytomegalovirus iritis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers. 1998;29(11):930–932.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Accorinti M, Gilardi M, Pirraglia MP, et al. Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: long-term follow-up of immunocompetent patients. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2014;252(11):1817–1824.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedayatfar A, Chee SP. Posner-Schlossman syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus infection: a case series from a non-endemic area. Int Ophthalmol. Oct 2014;34(5):1123–1129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen SC, Chuang CT, Chu MY, Sheu SJ. Patterns and Etiologies of Uveitis at a Tertiary Referral Center in Taiwan. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017;25(sup1):S1–S38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tan WJ, Poh EW, Wong PY, Ho SL, Lim WK, Teoh SC. Trends in patterns of anterior uveitis in a tertiary institution in singapore. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. Aug 2013;21(4):270–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang YS, Shen CR, Chang SH, et al. The validity of clinical feature profiles for cytomegaloviral anterior segment infection. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. Jan 2011;249(1):103–110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woo JH, Lim WK, Ho SL, Teoh SC. Characteristics of Cytomegalovirus Uveitis in Immunocompetent Patients. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2015;23(5):378–383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kongyai N, Sirirungsi W, Pathanapitoon K, et al. Viral causes of unexplained anterior uveitis in Thailand. Eye (Lond). Apr 2012;26(4):529–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babu K, Kini R, Philips M, Subbakrishna DK. Clinical profile of isolated viral anterior uveitis in a South Indian patient population. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2014;22(5):356–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamauchi Y, Suzuki J, Sakai J, Sakamoto S, Iwasaki T, Usui M. A case of hypertensive keratouveitis with endotheliitis associated with cytomegalovirus. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. Sep-Oct 2007;15(5):399–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandori M, Miyazaki D, Yakura K, et al. Relationship between the number of cytomegalovirus in anterior chamber and severity of anterior segment inflammation. Jpn J Ophthalmol. Nov 2013;57(6):497–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shigemi D, Yamaguchi S, Otsuka T, Kamoi S, Takeshita T. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus IgG antibodies among pregnant women in Japan from 2009-2014. Am J Infect Control. 2015;43(11):1218–1221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tagawa M, Minematsu T, Masuzaki H, Ishimaru T, Moriuchi H. Seroepidemiological survey of cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women in Nagasaki, Japan. Pediatr Int. 2010;52(3):459–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furui Y, Satake M, Hoshi Y, Uchida S, Suzuki K, Tadokoro. (CMV) seroprevalence in Japanese blood donors and high detection frequency of CMV DNA in elderly donors. Transfusion. 2013;53(10):2190–2197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin Q, Su J, Wu S. Cytomegalovirus Infection among Pregnant Women in Beijing: seroepidemiological Survey and Intrauterine Transmissions. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017;27(5):1005–1009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang FQ, Fan QS, Yang ZJ, et al. Incidence of cytomegalovirus infection in Shanghai, China. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009;16(11):1700–1703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang SC, Wang T, Zhang W, et al. Cohort study on maternal cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and prevalence and clinical manifestations of congenital infection in China. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(5):e6007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen MH, Chen PC, Jeng SF, et al. High perinatal seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus in northern Taiwan. J Pediatr Child Health. 2008;44(4):166–169.
   Google Scholar
• Das B, Kaur G, Basu S. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus antibodies among blood donors and Multitransfused recipients–a study from north India. Transfus Apher Sci. 2014;50(3):438–442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed SA, Al-Joudi FS, Zaidah AW, et al. The prevalence of human cytomegalovirus seropositivity among blood donors at the Unit of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2006;37(2):294–296.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Camalxaman SN, Zeenathul NA, Quah YW, Zuridah H, Loh HS. New estimates of CMV seroprevalence in Malaysia. Where do we go from here? Med J Malaysia. 2012;67(2):231.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Korndewal MJ, Mollema L, Tcherniaeva I, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection in the Netherlands: seroprevalence, risk factors, and implications. J Clin Virol. 2015;65:53–58.
   Google Scholar
• Seale H, MacIntyre CR, Gidding HF, Backhouse JL, Dwyer DE, Gilbert L. National Serosurvey of Cytomegalovirus in Australia. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006;13(11):1181–1184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antona D, Lepoutre A, Fonteneau L, et al. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in France in 2010. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(7):1471–1478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bate SL, Dollard SC, Cannon MJ. Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in the United States: the national health and nutrition examination surveys, 1988-2004. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(11):1439–1447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar Z, Galor A, Albini TA, Miller D, Perez V, Davis JL. The diagnostic utility of anterior chamber paracentesis with polymerase chain reaction in anterior uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013;155(5):781–786.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chee SP, Jap A. Presumed fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis and Posner-Schlossman syndrome: comparison of cytomegalovirus-positive and negative eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146(6):883–889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mietz H, Aisenbrey S, Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt K, Bamborschke S, Krieglstein GK. Ganciclovir for the treatment of anterior uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2000;238(11):905–909.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung RS, Chua CN. Intravitreal ganciclovir injections in aqueous cytomegalovirus DNA positive hypertensive iritis. Eye (Lond). 2006;20(9):1080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sira M, Murray PI. Treatment of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis with oral valaciclovir. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. Jan-Feb 2007;15(1):31–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jap A, Chee SP. Viral anterior uveitis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. Nov 2011;22(6):483–488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koizumi N, Inatomi T, Suzuki T, et al. Clinical features and management of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis: analysis of 106 cases from the Japan corneal endotheliitis study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015;99(1):54–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobolewska B, Deuter C, Doycheva D, Zierhut M. Long-term oral therapy with valganciclovir in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. Jan 2014;252(1):117–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong VW, Chan CK, Leung DY, Lai TY. Long-term results of oral valganciclovir for treatment of anterior segment inflammation secondary to cytomegalovirus infection. Clinical Ophthalmology. 2012;6:595–600.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alfawaz A. Cytomegalovirus-related corneal endotheliitis: a review article. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2013;27(1):47–49.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Antoun J, Willermain F, Makhoul D, Motulsky E, Caspers L, Relvas LJ. Topical Ganciclovir in Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis. J Ocul Pharmacol. 2017;33(4):313–318.
   Google Scholar
• Quentin CD, Reiber H. Fuchs heterochromic cyclitis: rubella virus antibodies and genome in aqueous humor. Am J Ophthalmol. Jul 2004;138(1):46–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbort CP, Khairallah M. Editorial: fuchs’ uveitis: from Imperial Vienna to global appraisal. Int Ophthalmol. 2010;30(5):449–452.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jd DG-M, De Visser L, Rothova A, Schuller M, Van Loon AM, Weersink AJ. Rubella virus is associated with fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis. Am J Ophthalmol. Jan 2006;141(1):212–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruokonen PC, Metzner S, Ucer A, Torun N, Hofmann J, Pleyer U. Intraocular antibody synthesis against rubella virus and other microorganisms in Fuchs’ heterochromic cyclitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010;248(4):565–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takase H, Kubono R, Terada Y, et al. Comparison of the ocular characteristics of anterior uveitis caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus. Jpn J Ophthalmol. Nov 2014;58(6):473–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyanaga M, Sugita S, Shimizu N, et al. A significant association of viral loads with corneal endothelial cell damage in cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010;94(3):336–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chee SP, Jap A. Immune ring formation associated with cytomegalovirus endotheliitis. Am J Ophthalmol. Sep 2011;152(3):449–453. e441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bale JF Jr, O’Neil ME, Folberg R. Murine cytomegalovirus ocular infection in immunocompetent and cyclophosphamide- treated mice. Potentiation of ocular infection by cyclophosphamide. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991;32(6):1749–1756.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong MH, Cheung GC, Chee SP. Posterior segment findings of ocular cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompetent patients. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. Nov 2014;252(11):1811–1816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Gelder RN. Idiopathic no more: clues to the pathogenesis of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis and glaucomatocyclitic crisis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;145(5):769–771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham ETJ, Baglivo E. Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis–syndrome, disease, or both? Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;148(4):479–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouchenaki N, Herbort CP. Fluorescein angiographic findings and clinical features in Fuchs’ uveitis. Int Ophthalmol. 2010;30(5):511–519.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guech-Ongey M, Brenner H, Twardella D, Hahmann H, Rothenbacher D. Role of cytomegalovirus sero-status in the development of secondary cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease under special consideration of diabetes. Int J Cardiol. 2006;111(1):98–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohashi Y, Kinoshita S, Mano T, Kiritoshi A, Ohji M. Idiopathic corneal endotheliopathy. A Report of Two Cases. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103(11):1666–1668.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Robin JB, Steigner JB, Kaufman HE. Progressive herpetic corneal endotheliitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1985;100(2):336–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohashi Y, Yamamoto S, Nishida K, et al. Demonstration of herpes simplex virus DNA in idiopathic corneal endotheliopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991;112(4):419–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maudgal PC, Missotten L, De Clercq E, Descamps J. Varicella-zoster virus in the human corneal endothelium: a case report. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 1980;190:71–86.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singh K, Sodhi PK. Mumps-induced corneal endotheliitis. Cornea. 2004;23(4):400–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang YS, Lin KK, Lee JS, et al. Intravitreal loading injection of ganciclovir with or without adjunctive oral valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. Feb 2010;248(2):263–269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar