Correlation between Widefield Fundus Fluorescein Angiography Leakage Score and Anterior Chamber Flare in Behçet Uveitis

References

• Greco A, De Virgilio A, Ralli M, et al. Behcet’s disease: new insights into pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment options. Autoimmun Rev. 2018;17(6):567–575. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2017.12.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Onal S, Altan-Yaycioglu R, Huseyin Altunbas H, Urgancioglu M. Uveitis in Behcet disease: an analysis of 880 patients. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;138(3):373–380. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2004.03.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George RK, Chan CC, Whitcup SM, Nussenblatt RB. Ocular immunopathology of Behcet’s disease. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;42(2):157–162. doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00026-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozdal PC, Ortac S, Taskintuna I, Firat E. Posterior segment involvement in ocular Behcet’s disease. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2002;12(5):424–431. doi:10.1177/112067210201200514.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesquida M, Llorenc V, Fontenla JR, Navarro MJ, Adan A. Use of ultra-wide-field retinal imaging in the management of active Behcet retinal vasculitis. Retina. 2014;34(10):2121–2127. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Ozdal PC, Oray M, Onal S. Review for diagnostics of the year: multimodal imaging in Behcet uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017;25(1):7–19. doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1205100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atmaca LS. Fundus changes associated with Behcet’s disease. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1989;227(4):340–344. doi:10.1007/BF02169409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guex-Crosier Y, Pittet N, Herbort CP. Sensitivity of laser flare photometry to monitor inflammation in uveitis of the posterior segment. Ophthalmology. 1995;102(4):613–621. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30976-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Herbort CP, Jr., Mantovani A, Neri P, Khairallah M. Advances and potential new developments in imaging techniques for posterior uveitis. Part 1: noninvasive imaging methods. Eye (Lond). 2021;35(1):33–51. doi:10.1038/s41433-020-1063-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbort CP, Guex-Crosier Y, de Ancos E, Pittet N. Use of laser flare photometry to assess and monitor inflammation in uveitis. Ophthalmology. 1997;104(1):64–71. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30359-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen NX, Kuchle M. Aqueous flare and cells in eyes with retinal vein occlusion–correlation with retinal fluorescein angiographic findings. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993;77(5):280–283. doi:10.1136/bjo.77.5.280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castella AP, Bercher L, Zografos L, Egger E, Herbort CP. Study of the blood-aqueous barrier in choroidal melanoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 1995;79(4):354–357. doi:10.1136/bjo.79.4.354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshika T, Kato S, Funatsu H. Quantitative assessment of aqueous flare intensity in diabetes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1989;227(6):518–520. doi:10.1007/BF02169443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Cingu K, Kir N, Yeniad B, Urgancioglu M, Gul A. Use of laser flare-cell photometry to quantify intraocular inflammation in patients with Behcet uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008;246(8):1169–1177. doi:10.1007/s00417-008-0823-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalcindag FN, Bingol Kiziltunc P, Savku E. Evaluation of intraocular inflammation with laser flare photometry in Behcet uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017;25(1):41–45. doi:10.3109/09273948.2015.1108444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheemar A, Temkar S, Takkar B, et al. Ultra-wide field imaging characteristics of primary retinal vasculitis: risk factors for retinal neovascularization. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019;27(3):383–388. doi:10.1080/09273948.2018.1508729.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laovirojjanakul W, Acharya N, Gonzales JA. Ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography in intermediate uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019;27(3):356–361. doi:10.1080/09273948.2017.1371764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham ET Jr., Munk MR, Kiss S, Zierhut M. Ultra-wide-field imaging in uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019;27(3):345–348. doi:10.1080/09273948.2019.1605264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Namba K, Goto H, Kaburaki T, et al. A major review: current aspects of ocular Behcet’s disease in Japan. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2015;23(Suppl 1):S1–23. doi:10.3109/09273948.2014.981547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Herbort CP, Khairallah M. Angiography scoring for uveitis working G. Scoring of dual fluorescein and ICG inflammatory angiographic signs for the grading of posterior segment inflammation (dual fluorescein and ICG angiographic scoring system for uveitis). Int Ophthalmol. 2010;30(5):539–552. doi:10.1007/s10792-008-9263-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wechsler B, Davatchi F, Mizushima Y, et al. Criteria for diagnosis of Behcet’s disease. International study group for Behcet’s disease. Lancet. 1990;335(8697):1078–1080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon SW, Kim BH, Park UC, Yu HG. Inter-observer variability in scoring ultra-wide-field fluorescein angiography in patients with Behcet retinal vasculitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017;25(1):20–28. doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1175640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witmer MT, Parlitsis G, Patel S, Kiss S. Comparison of ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography with the Heidelberg Spectralis((R)) noncontact ultra-widefield module versus the Optos((R)) Optomap((R)). Clin Ophthalmol. 2013;7:389–394. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S41731.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kang HM, Lee SC. Long-term progression of retinal vasculitis in Behcet patients using a fluorescein angiography scoring system. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2014;252(6):1001–1008. doi:10.1007/s00417-014-2637-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugal-Tutkun I, Herbort CP. Laser flare photometry: a noninvasive, objective, and quantitative method to measure intraocular inflammation. Int Ophthalmol. 2010;30(5):453–464. doi:10.1007/s10792-009-9310-2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Konstantopoulou K, Del’Omo R, Morley AM, Karagiannis D, Bunce C, Pavesio C. A comparative study between clinical grading of anterior chamber flare and flare reading using the Kowa laser flare meter. Int Ophthalmol. 2015;35(5):629–633. doi:10.1007/s10792-012-9616-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agrawal R, Keane PA, Singh J, Saihan Z, Kontos A, Pavesio CE. Comparative analysis of anterior chamber flare grading between clinicians with different levels of experience and semi-automated laser flare photometry. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2016;24(2):184–193. doi:10.3109/09273948.2014.990042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halim MS, Hasanreisoglu M, Onghanseng N, et al. Correlation of clinical aqueous flare grading to semi-automated flare measurements using laser flare photometry. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022;1–7. doi:10.1080/09273948.2021.1971723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onal S, Uludag G, Oray M, et al. Quantitative analysis of structural alterations in the choroid of patients with active Behcet uveitis. Retina. 2018;38(4):828–840. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000001587.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isik MU, Yalcindag N. Comparison of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) findings with laser flare photometry (LFP) measurements in Behcet’s uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020;28(2):194–199. doi:10.1080/09273948.2018.1552976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi M, Hokama H, Tsukahara R, et al. Risk and prognostic factors of poor visual outcome in Behcet’s disease with ocular involvement. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005;243(11):1147–1152. doi:10.1007/s00417-005-0005-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lardenoye CW, van Kooij B, Rothova A. Impact of macular edema on visual acuity in uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2006;113(8):1446–1449. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.03.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar