Retinal Sublayer Analysis in Autoimmune Retinopathy and Identification of New Optical Coherence Tomography Phenotypes

References

• Tsang SH, Sharma T. Autoimmune retinopathy. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1085:223–226. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95046-4_47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox AR, Gordon LK, Heckenlively JR, et al. Consensus on the diagnosis and management of nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy using a modified delphi approach. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016;168:183–190. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2016.05.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grewal DS, Fishman GA, Jampol LM. Autoimmune retinopathy and antiretinal antibodies: a review. Retina. 2014;34(5):827–845. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimazaki K, Jirawuthiworavong GV, Heckenlively JR, Gordon LK. Frequency of anti-retinal antibodies in normal human serum. J Neuroophthalmol. 2008;28(1):5–11. doi:10.1097/WNO.0b013e318167549f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen JJ, McKeon A, Greenwood TM, et al. Clinical utility of antiretinal antibody testing. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021;139(6):658–662. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.0651.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faez S, Loewenstein J, Sobrin L. Concordance of antiretinal antibody testing results between laboratories in autoimmune retinopathy. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2013;131(1):113–115. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna S, Martins A, Oakey Z, Mititelu M. Non-paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy: multimodal testing characteristics of 13 cases. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2019;9(1):6. doi:10.1186/s12348-019-0171-1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pepple KL, Cusick M, Jaffe GJ, Mruthyunjaya P. SD-OCT and autofluorescence characteristics of autoimmune retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2013;97(2):139–144. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302524.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abazari A, Allam SS, Adamus G, Ghazi NG. Optical coherence tomography findings in autoimmune retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153(4): 750-6, 756 e1. 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.09.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sepah YJ, Sadiq MA, Hassan M, et al. Assessment of retinal structural and functional characteristics in eyes with autoimmune retinopathy. Curr Mol Med. 2015;15(6):578–586. doi:10.2174/1566524015666150731104626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irizarry FJ, Kopplin LJ, Salek SS, et al. Recovery of outer retinal laminations on optical coherence tomography after treatment of cancer associated retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2017;8:11–13. doi:10.1016/j.ajoc.2017.08.001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adamus G, Ren G, Weleber RG. Autoantibodies against retinal proteins in paraneoplastic and autoimmune retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol. 2004;4:5. doi:10.1186/1471-2415-4-5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abramoff MD, Garvin MK, Sonka M. Retinal imaging and image analysis. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng. 2010;3:169–208. doi:10.1109/RBME.2010.2084567.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garvin MK, Abramoff MD, Wu X, Russell SR, Burns TL, Sonka M. Automated 3-D intraretinal layer segmentation of macular spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2009;28(9):1436–1447. doi:10.1109/TMI.2009.2016958.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitmore SS, Fortenbach CR, Cheng JL, et al. Analysis of retinal sublayer thicknesses and rates of change in ABCA4-associated Stargardt disease. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):16576. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73645-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study design and baseline patient characteristics. ETDRS report number 7. Ophthalmology. 1991;98(5 Suppl):741–756. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(13)38009-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai CX, Han IC, Tian J, Linz MO, Scott AW. Progressive retinal thinning in sickle cell retinopathy. Ophthalmol Retina. 2018;2(12):1241–1248 e2. doi:10.1016/j.oret.2018.07.006.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCulloch DL, Marmor MF, Brigell MG, et al. ISCEV standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2015 update). Doc Ophthalmol. 2015;130(1):1–12. doi:10.1007/s10633-014-9473-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamus G, Amundson D, Seigel GM, Machnicki M. Anti-enolase-alpha autoantibodies in cancer-associated retinopathy: epitope mapping and cytotoxicity on retinal cells. J Autoimmun. 1998;11(6):671–677. doi:10.1006/jaut.1998.0239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davoudi S, Ebrahimiadib N, Yasa C, et al. Outcomes in autoimmune retinopathy patients treated with rituximab. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017;180:124–132. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2017.04.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finn AP, Keenan RT, Jaffe GJ. Reconstitution of the ellipsoid zone with tocilizumab in autoimmune retinopathy. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2020;14(4):297–300. Fall. doi:10.1097/ICB.0000000000000766.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adamus G, Aptsiauri N, Guy J, Heckenlively J, Flannery J, Hargrave PA. The occurrence of serum autoantibodies against enolase in cancer-associated retinopathy. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996;78(2):120–129. doi:10.1006/clin.1996.0021.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keltner JL, Thirkill CE, Yip PT. Clinical and immunologic characteristics of melanoma-associated retinopathy syndrome: eleven new cases and a review of 51 previously published cases. J Neuroophthalmol. 2001;21(3):173–187. doi:10.1097/00041327-200109000-00004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Y, Jia L, He S, et al. Melanoma-associated retinopathy: a paraneoplastic autoimmune complication. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127(12):1572–1580. doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.311.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ren G, Adamus G. Cellular targets of anti-alpha-enolase autoantibodies of patients with autoimmune retinopathy. J Autoimmun. 2004;23(2):161–167. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2004.06.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peek R, Dijkstra BG, Meek B, Kuijpers RW. Autoantibodies to photoreceptor membrane proteins and outer plexiform layer in patients with cancer-associated retinopathy. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002;128(3):498–503. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01834.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magrys A, Anekonda T, Ren G, Adamus G. The role of anti-alpha-enolase autoantibodies in pathogenicity of autoimmune-mediated retinopathy. J Clin Immunol. 2007;27(2):181–192. doi:10.1007/s10875-006-9065-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamus G, Karren L. Autoimmunity against carbonic anhydrase II affects retinal cell functions in autoimmune retinopathy. J Autoimmun. 2009;32(2):133–139. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2009.02.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanwyck LK, Moussa K, Chan W, Aitken PA, Sobrin L. Lack of correlation between number of antiretinal antibodies and clinical outcome measures in autoimmune retinopathy patients. Ophthalmol Retina. 2019;3(11):1007–1009. doi:10.1016/j.oret.2019.06.007.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lujan BJ, Roorda A, Croskrey JA, et al. Directional optical coherence tomography provides accurate outer nuclear layer and Henle fiber layer measurements. Retina. 2015;35(8):1511–1520. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arepalli S, Pellegrini M, Ferenczy SR, Shields CL. Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium: findings on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in eight eyes. Retina. 2014;34(11):2202–2207. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chawla R, Kumar V, Tripathy K, et al. Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium: an optical coherence tomography–based reappraisal. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017;181:88–96. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2017.06.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kido A, Uji A, Morooka S, et al. Outer plexiform layer elevations as a marker for prior ocular attacks in patients with behcet’s disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59(7):2828–2832. doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng JL, Beebe JD, Nepple KG, et al. Autoimmune retinopathy and optic neuropathy associated with enolase-positive renal oncocytoma. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2018;12:55–60. doi:10.1016/j.ajoc.2018.09.005.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vincent A, Heon E. Outer retinal structural anomaly due to frameshift mutation in CACNA1F gene. Eye (Lond). 2012;26(9):1278–1280. doi:10.1038/eye.2012.125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar