Visual Acuity and Mortality in Older People and Factors on the Pathway

REFERENCES

• Pedula K L, Coleman A L, Hillier T A, Ensrud K E, Nevitt M C, Hochberg M C, Mangione C M. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and mortality in older women: Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006; 54(12)1871–1877
   Google Scholar
• Freeman E E, Egleston B L, West S K, Bandeen-Roche K, Rubin G. Visual acuity change and mortality in older adults. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005; 46(11)4040–4045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs J M, Hammerman-Rozenberg R, Maaravi Y, Cohen A, Stessman J. The impact of visual impairment on health, function and mortality. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2005; 17(4)281–286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cacciatore F, Abete P, Maggi S, Luchetti G, Calabrese C, Viati L, Leosco D, Ferrara N, Vitale D F, Rengo F. Disability and 6-year mortality in elderly population. Role of visual impairment. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2004; 16(5)382–388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee D J, Gomez-Marin O, Lam B L, Zheng D D. Visual acuity impairment and mortality in US adults. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120(11)1544–1550
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCarty C A, Nanjan M B, Taylor H R. Vision impairment predicts 5 year mortality. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001; 85(3)322–326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reuben D B, Mui S, Damesyn M, Moore A A, Greendale G A. The prognostic value of sensory impairment in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999; 47(8)930–935
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klein R, Klein B E, Moss S E. Age-related eye disease and survival. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995; 113(3)333–339
   Google Scholar
• Krumpaszky H G, Dietz K, Mickler A, Selbmann H K. Mortality in blind subjects. A population-based study on social security files from Baden-Wurttemberg. Ophthalmologica. 1999; 213(1)48–53
   Google Scholar
• Taylor H R, Katala S, Munoz B, Turner V. Increase in mortality associated with blindness in rural Africa. Bull WHO. 1991; 69(3)335–338
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buch H, Vinding T, la Cour M, Jensen G B, Prause J U, Nielsen N V. Age-related maculopathy: A risk indicator for poorer survival in women: The Copenhagen City Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 2005; 112(2)305–312
   Google Scholar
• Clemons T E, Kurinij N, Sperduto R D. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the age-related eye disease study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004; 122(5)716–726
   Google Scholar
• Lee D J, Gomez-Marin O, Lam B L, Zheng D D. Glaucoma and survival: The National Health Interview Survey 1986–1994. Ophthalmology. 2003; 110(8)1476–1483
   Google Scholar
• Taylor H R, McCarty C A, Nanjan M B. Vision impairment predicts five-year mortality. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2000; 98: 91–99
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klein R, Klein B E, Moss S E, Cruickshanks K J. Association of ocular disease and mortality in a diabetic population. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999; 117(11)1487–1495
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henricsson M, Nilsson A, Heijl A, Janzon L, Groop L. Mortality in diabetic patients participating in an ophthalmological control and screening programme. Diabet Med. 1997; 14(7)576–583
   Google Scholar
• Minassian D C, Mehra V, Johnson G J. Mortality and cataract: Findings from the population-based longitudinal study. Bull WHO. 1992; 70(2)219–223
   Google Scholar
• Lee D J, Gomez-Marin O, Lam B L, Zheng D D. Visual impairment and unintentional injury mortality: The National Health Interview Survey 1986–1994. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003; 136(6)1152–1154
   Google Scholar
• Thiagarajan M, Evans J R, Smeeth L, Wormald R P, Fletcher A E. Cause-specific visual impairment and mortality: Results from a population-based study of older people in the United Kingdom. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005; 123(10)1397–1403
   Google Scholar
• Heikkinen E. Background, design and methods of the Evergreen project. J Aging Phys Act. 1998; 6: 106–120
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th revision. World Health Organization, Geneva 1992
   Google Scholar
• Aniansson A, Rundgren Å, Sperling L. Evaluation of functional capacity in activities of daily living in 70-year-old men and women. Scand J Rehabil Med 1980; 12(4)145–154
   Google Scholar
• Grimby G. Physical activity and muscle training in the elderly. Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1986; 711: 233–237
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Radloff L S. The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Measure. 1977; 1: 385–401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grambsch P M, Therneau T M. Proportional hazards tests and diagnostics based on weighted residuals. Biometrika. 1994; 81(3)515–526
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudsen M D, Klein B EK, Klein R. Age-related eye disease, visual impairment, and survival. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006; 124(2)243–249
   Google Scholar
• Ben-Ezra M A, Shmotkin D. Predictors of mortality in the old-old in Israel: The cross-sectional and longitudinal study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006; 54(6)906–911
   Google Scholar
• Hirvelä H, Laatikainen L. Visual acuity in a population aged 70 years or older: prevalence and causes of visual impairment. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1995; 73(2)99–104
   Google Scholar
• Buch H, Vinding T, Nielsen N V. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment according to the World Health Organization and United States Criteria in an aged, urban Scandinavian population. Ophthalmology. 2001; 108(12)2347–2357
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lupsakko T A, Mäntyjärvi M I, Kautiainen H J, Sulkava R O. Decrease of functional or cognitive capacity explains the lack of eye examination in visually impaired older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003; 51(4)573–574
   Google Scholar