111
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Comparative study on the rhythmic changes in haematological parameters between captive and free ranging wild sloth bear (Melursus ursinus)

, , , &
Pages 805-822 | Received 05 Jun 2018, Accepted 17 Jun 2018, Published online: 31 Jul 2018

References

  • Bush M, Custer RS, Smith EE. 1980. Use of dissociative anesthetics for the immobilization of captive bears: blood gas, hematology, and biochemistry values. J Wildlife Dis. 16:481–489.
  • Cattet MRL, Christison K, Caulkett NA, Stenhouse GB. 2003b. Physiologic responses of grizzly bears to different methods of capture. J Wildl Dis. 39:649–654.
  • Cattet MR, Caulkett NA, Stenhouse GB. 2003a. Anesthesia of grizzly bears using xylazine-zolazepam-tiletamine or zolazepam-tiletamine. Ursus. 14:88–93.
  • Fahlman Å, Arnemo JM, Swenson JE, Pringle J, Brunberg S, Nyman G. 2011. Physiologic evaluation of capture and anesthesia with medetomidinezolazepam-tiletamine in brown bears (Ursus arctos). J Zoo Wildl Med. 42:1–11.
  • Friedrichs KR, Harr KE, Freeman KP, Szladovits B, Walton RM, Barnhart KF, Blanco-Chavez J. 2012. ASVCP reference interval guidelines: determination of de novo reference intervals in veterinary species and other related topics. Vet Clin Path. 41:441–453.
  • Garshelis DL, Joshi AR, Smith LD, Rice CG, Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan for Bears. 1999. Sloth bear conservation action plan. In: Servheen C, Herrero S, Peyton B, eds. International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. UK: Cambridge; p. 225–240.
  • Geffre A, Friedrichs K, Harr K, Concordet D, Trumel C. 2009. Braun JP: reference values: a review. Vet Clin Path. 38:288–298.
  • Gokula V, Sivaganesan N, Varadarajan M. 1995. Food of the sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) in Mundanthurai Plateau, Tamil Nadu. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 92:408–410.
  • Graesli RA, Fahlman A, Evans AL, Bertelsen MF, Arnemo JM, Nielsen SS. 2014. Haematological and biochemical reference intervals for free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Sweden. BMC Vet Res. 10:183.
  • Hellgren EC, Rogers LL, Seal US. 1993. Serum chemistry and hematology of black bears: physiological indices of habitat quality or seasonal patterns. J Mammol. 74:304–315.
  • Hissa R, Siekkinen J, Hohtola E, Saarela S, Hakala A, Pudas J. 1994. Seasonal patterns in the physiology of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) in Finland. Comp Biochem Physiol Part A. 109:781–791.
  • Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (IWPA). 1972. Schedule I, Part I, mammals: 510th bears (31C). New Delhi (India): Legislations on environment and Forests, government of India; p. 138.
  • International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural resources (IUCN). 1990. IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. Gland (Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK): The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; p. 83.
  • Joshi AR. 1997. Seasonal and habitat-related diets of sloth bears in Nepal. J Mammol. 78:584–597.
  • Joshi AR, Garshelis DL, Smith JLD. 1995. Home ranges of sloth bears in Nepal: implications for conservation. J Wildl. 59:204–214.
  • Kusak J, Rafaj RB, Zvorc Z, Huber D, Forsek J, Bedrica L, Mrljak V. 2005. Effects of sex, age, body mass, and capturing method on hematologic values of brown bears in Croatia. J Wildlife Dis. 41:843–847.
  • Laurie A, Seidensticker J. 1977. Behavioral ecology of the sloth bear (Melursus ursinus). Journal of Zoology, London. 182:187–204.
  • Matula GJ, Lindzey JS, Rothenbacher H. 1980. Sex. age, and seasonal differences in the blood profile of black bears captured in north eastern Pennsylvania. Bears: Their Biol Manage. 1980(4):49–56.
  • Mcnab BK. 1992. Rate of metabolism in the termite-eating sloth bear (Ursus ursinus). J of Mammol. 73:168–172.
  • Pearson AM. 1972. Halloran DW: hematology of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) from south western Yukon Territory, Canada. Can J Zool. 50:279–286.
  • Pocock RI. 1933. The black and brown bears of Europe and Asia, Part II. J Bombay Natural History Society. 36:101–138.
  • Prater SH. 1965. The book of Indian animals. Bombay (Maharashtra, India): Bombay Natural History Society and Prince of Wales Museum of Western India publication; p. 324–325.
  • Rajpurohit KS, Krausman PR. 2000. Human-sloth bear conflicts in Madhya Pradesh, India. Wildl Soc Bull. 28:393–399.
  • Seal US, Swaim WR, Erickson AW. 1967. Hematology of ursidae. Comp Biochem Physiol. 22:451.
  • Sealander JA. 1964. The influence of body size, season, sex, age, and other factors upon some blood parameters in small mammals. J Mammol. 45:598–616.
  • Shanmugam AA, Kumar JK, Selvaraj I, Selvaraj V. 2008. Hematology of Sloth Bears (Melursus ursinus ursinus) from two Locations in India. J Wildlife Dis. 44(2):509–518.
  • Sunquist ME. 1982. Movements and habitat use of a sloth bear. Mammalia. 46:545–547.
  • Svihla A, Bowman H, Pearson R. 1955. Blood picture of the American black bear. J Mammol. 36:134–435.
  • Swenson MJ. 1984. Physiological properties of cellular and chemical constituents of blood. In: Swenson MJ, ed. Duke’s physiology of domestic animals. Ithaca (New York): Cornell University Press; p. 15–40.
  • Talbot SL, Shields GF. 1996. A phylogeny of the bears (Ursidae) inferred from complete sequences of three mitochondrial genes. Mol Phylogen Evol. 5:567–575.
  • Villiers E, Jk D. 1998. Basic haematology. In: Davidson MG, Else RW, Lumsden JH, Edited by. BSAVA Manual of Small Animal Clinical Pathology. Cheltenham (UK): British Small Animal Veterinary Association; p. 33–60.
  • Yoganand K, Rice CG, Johnsingh AJT 2005. Evaluating Panna National Park with special reference to ecology of sloth bear (Melursus ursinus). Final project report, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun (Uttaranchal, India), 160 pp.
  • Youatt WG, Erickson AW. 1958. Notes on hematology of Michigan black bears. J Mammol. 39:588–589.
  • Yu L, Li QW, Ryder OA, Zhang YP. 2004. Phylogeny of the bears (Ursidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Mol Phylogen Evol.n. 32:480–494.
  • Zhang YP. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of bears (the Ursidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mol Phylogen Evol. 3:351–359.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.