An analysis of teacher questioning behaviour in constructivist primary science education using a modification of a descriptive system designed by Barnes and Todd (1977)

References

• Barnes , D. and Todd , F. 1977 . Communication and Learning in Small Groups , London : Routledge Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Benyon , J. 1987 . An ethnography of questioning practices . Questioning Exchange , 1 : 39 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Biddulph , F. and Osborne , R. , eds. 1984 . Making Sense of Our World: an Interactive Teaching Approach , Hamilton, N.Z. : S.E.R.U., University of Waikato .
   Google Scholar
• Brophy , J. E. 1979 . Teacher behaviour and its effects . Journal of Educational Psychology , 71 (6) : 733 – 750 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , G. A. and Edmondson , R. 1984 . “ Asking questions ” . In Classroom Teaching Skills , Edited by: Wragg , E. C. 97 – 120 . London : Croom Helm .
   Google Scholar
• Calderhead , J. 1984 . Teacher's Classroom Decision‐making , London : Holt Education .
   Google Scholar
• Clough , E. and Driver , R. 1986 . A study of consistency in the use of student's conceptual frameworks across different task contexts . Science Education , 70 (4) : 473 – 496 .
   Google Scholar
• Coulthard , M. 1974 . The study of teacher/pupil talk . Cambridge Journal of Education , 4 (1) : 2 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Dillon , J. T. 1988 . Questioning and Teaching: A Manual of Practice , London : Croom Helm .
   Google Scholar
• Driver , R. and Erickson , G. 1983 . Theories‐in‐action: some theoretical and empirical issues in the study of students’ conceptual frameworks in science . Studies in Science Education , 10 : 37 – 60 .
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , A. D. and Furlong , V. J. 1978 . The Language of Teaching , London : Heinemann Education .
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , A. D. and Westgate , D. P. P. 1987 . Investigating Classroom Talk , Lewes : Falmer Press .
   Google Scholar
• Farrar , M. T. 1986 . Teacher questions: the complexity of the cognitively simple . Instructional Science , 15 : 89 – 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flanders , N. A. 1970 . Analyzing Teaching Behaviour , Reading, Mass. : Addison‐Wesley .
   Google Scholar
• Goodrum , D. 1987 . “ Exemplary teaching in upper primary classes ” . In Exemplary Practice in Science and Mathematics Education , Edited by: Tobin , K. and Fraser , B. J. 81 – 94 . Science and Mathematics Education Center, Curtin University of Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Harlen , W. and Osborne , R. 1985 . A model for learning and teaching applied to primary science . Journal of Curriculum Studies , 17 (2) : 133 – 146 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerry , T. 1982 . Effective Questioning , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Osborne , R. and Wittrock , M. C. 1983 . Learning science: a generative process . Science Education , 67 (4) : 489 – 504 .
   Google Scholar
• Osborne , R. and Wittrock , M. C. 1985 . The generative learning model and its implications for science education . Studies in Science Education , 12 : 59 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Rowe , M. B. 1974 . Wait‐time and rewards as instructional variables, their influence on language, logic and fate control: part one: wait‐time . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 11 (1) : 81 – 94 .
   Google Scholar
• Rudduck , J. 1980 . Insights into the process of dissemination . British Educational Research Journal , 6 (2) : 139 – 147 .
   Google Scholar
• Russell , T. R. and Watt , D. 1990 . Primary SPACE Project Research Report: Evaporation and Condensation , Liverpool : Liverpool University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sinclair , J. and Coulthard , M. 1975 . Towards an Analysis of Discourse: The Language of Teachers and Pupils , London : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Torbe , M. 1980 . “ Discussion in the science lesson. In Association for Science Education ” . In Language in Science , Study Series No. 16 26 – 49 . Hatfield : Association for Science Education .
   Google Scholar
• Turney , C. 1983 . Sydney Micro‐skills Redeveloped , Series 2 Handbook Sydney : Sydney University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Turney , C. , Clift , J. C. , Dunkin , M. J. and Traill , R. D. 1973 . Microteaching: Research, Theory and Practice: An Innovation in Teacher Education Especially as it Relates to the Australian Context , Sydney : Sydney University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Watt , D. F. 1992 . An evaluation of the impact of selected in‐service activities on teacher questioning behaviours in constructivist primary science education , University of Liverpool . Unpublished MeD thesis,
   Google Scholar
• Wilen , W. W. and Clegg , A. A. 1986 . Effective questions and questioning: a research review . Theory and Research in Social Education , 14 (2) : 153 – 161 .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , C. J. and Nuthall , G. 1970 . Relationships between teacher behaviours and pupil achievement in three experimental elementary sciences lessons . American Educational Research Journal , 7 : 477 – 491 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar