A writing in science framework designed to enhance science literacy

References

• CAREY , S. and SMITH , C. 1993 . On understanding the nature of scientific knowledge . Educational Psychologist , 28 : 235 – 251 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRICKHOUSE , N. and STANLEY , W. 1993 . Practical reasoning and science education: Implications for theory and practice . Science & Education , 2 : 363 – 375 .
   Google Scholar
• A BD-EL-KHALICK , F. , BELL , R. and LEDERMAN , N. 1998 . The nature of science and instructional practice: making the unnatural natural . Science Education , 82 : 417 – 436 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLEMHSON , A. 1990 . Establishing an epistemological base for science teaching in the light of contemporary notions of the nature of science and how children learn science . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 27 : 429 – 445 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BYBEE , R. W. 1995 . Achieving scientific literacy . Science Teacher , 62 ( 7 ) : 28 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science . 1990 . Science for All Americans Project 2061 , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science . 1993 . Benchmarks for Science Literacy , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• FORD , C. , YORE , L. D. and ANTHONY , R. J. 1997 . “ Reforms, visions, and standards: a cross-cultural curricular view from an elementary school perspective ” . In Resources in Education , ED405220 ERIC .
   Google Scholar
• HAND , B. and PRAIN , V. 1995 . Using writing to help improve students'l understanding of science knowledge . School Science Review , 77 ( 278 ) : 112 – 117 .
   Google Scholar
• HOFER , B. K. and PlNTRICH , P. L. 1997 . The development of epistemological theories: beliefs about knowledge and knowing and their relation to learning . Review of Educational Research , 67 : 88 – 140 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HOLLIDAY , W. G. , YORE , L. D. and ALVERMANN , D. E. 1994 . The reading-science learning-writing connection: breakthroughs, barriers and promises . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 31 : 877 – 893 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HURD , P. D. 1998 . Scientific literacy: new minds for a changing world . Science Education , 82 : 407 – 416 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KUHN , D. 1991 . The Skills of Argument , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• KYLE , W. C. , LINN , M. C. , BITNER , B. L. , MITCHENER , C. P. and PERRY , B. 1991 . The role of research in science: an NSTA theme paper . Science Education , 75 : 413 – 418 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LANGER , J. and APTLEBEE , A. 1987 . How Writing Shapes Thinking: a Study of Teaching and Learning , NCTE Research Report No. 22 Urbana, Illinois : NCTE .
   Google Scholar
• LAWRENCE , C. , HAND , B. and PRAIN , V. Epistemologies of science: students constructing new meanings through writing . Paper presented at Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching . April 19-22 , San Diego, CA.
   Google Scholar
• LEDERMAN , N. 1995 . Suchting on the nature of scientific thought: are we anchoring curricula in quicksand? . Science & Education , 4 : 371 – 377 .
   Google Scholar
• NRC National Research Council . 1996 . National Science Education Standards , Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• COBERN , W. W. , GIBSON , A. T. and UNDERWOOD , S. A. 1995 . Valuing scientific literacy . Science Teacher , 62 ( 9 ) : 28 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• APPLEBEE , A. 1984 . Writing and reasoning . Review of Educational Research , 54 : 577 – 596 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• APPLEBEE , A. 1993 . “ Beyond the lesson: reconstructing curriculum as a domain for culturally significant conversations ” . In National Research Centre for Literature Teaching and Learning Albany, New York
   Google Scholar
• NORRIS , C. 1997 . Against Relativism: Philosophy of Science, Deconstruction and Critical Theory , Maiden, MA : Blackwell Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• NORRIS , S. P. and PHILLIPS , L. M. 1994 . Interpreting pragmatic meaning when reading popular reports of science . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 31 : 947 – 967 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PlERAUT-LE BONNIEC , G. and VALETTE , M. 1991 . “ The development of argumentative discourse ” . In Language Bases to Discourse Basics , Edited by: Pieraut-Le Bonniec , G. and Dolitsky , M. Amsterdam : Benjamins .
   Google Scholar
• PRAIN , V. and HAND , B. 1996a . Writing for learning in secondary science: rethinking practices . Teaching and Teacher Education , 12 : 609 – 626 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PRAIN , V. and HAND , B. 1996b . Writing for learning in the junior secondary science classroom: issues arising from a case study . International Journal of Science Education , 18 : 117 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROTH , W.‐M. and ROYCHOUDHURY , A. 1994 . Physics students' epistemologies and views about knowing and learning . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 31 : 5 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SCARDAMALIA , M. and BEREITER , C. 1986 . Helping students become better writers . School Administrator , 42 ( 4 ) : 16 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• TYSON , L. M. , VENVILLE , G. J. , HARRISCN , A. G. and TREAOUST , D. F. 1997 . A multidimensional framework for interpreting conceptual change events in the classroom . Science Education , 81 : 387 – 404 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SHYMANSKY , J. A. , YORE , L. D. , TREAGUST , D. F. , THIELE , R. B. , HARRISON , A. , WALDRIP , B. G. , STOCKLMAYER , S. M. and VANILLE , G. 1997 . Examining the construction process: a study of changes in level 10 students' understandings of classical mechanics . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 34 : 571 – 593 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YORE , L. D. and SHYMANSKY , J. A. Constructivism: implications for teaching, teacher education and researchD breakthroughs, barriers and promises . Paper presented at the National Science Council ROC Workshop for Science Educators . September 22-28 , Taipei, Taiwan.
   Google Scholar