2,315
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

‘The inappropriateness of language’: discourses of power and control over languages beyond English in primary schools

ORCID Icon

References

  • Bailey, E. G., and E. Marsden. 2017. “Teachers’ Views on Recognising and Using Home Languages in Predominantly Monolingual Primary Schools.” Language and Education 31 (4): 206–283. doi:10.1080/09500782.2017.1295981.
  • Billig, M. 1995. Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.
  • Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WvhSEMrNWHAC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Bourdieu, P. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power, edited by John Thompson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=u2ZlGBiJntAC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Bourne, J. 2001. “Doing ‘What Comes Naturally’: How the Discourses and Routines of Teachers’ Practice Constrain Opportunities for Bilingual Support in UK Primary Schools.” Language and Education 15 (4): 250–268. doi:10.1080/09500780108666813.
  • Bourne, J. 2002. Home Languages in the Literacy Hour. Southampton, London: DfES.
  • Brown, K. D. 2012. “The Linguistic Landscape of Educational Spaces: Language Revitalization and Schools in Southeastern Estonia.” In Minority Languages in the Linguistic Landscape, edited by Durk Gorter, Heiko F Marten, and Luk Van Mensel, 281–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi:10.1057/9780230360235_16.
  • Byrnes, D., A. Kiger, G., and M. Lee Manning. 1997. “Teachers’ Attitudes about Language Diversity.” Teaching and Teacher Education 13 (6): 637–644. doi:10.1016/S0742-051X(97)80006-6.
  • Cameron, L., and S. Besser. 2004. Writing in English as an Additional Language at Key Stage 2. Nottingham, UK: DfES Publications.
  • Coady, M., C. Harper, and E. De Jong. 2011. “From Preservice to Practice: Mainstream Elementary Teacher Beliefs of Preparation and Efficacy with English Language Learners in the State of Florida.” Bilingual Research Journal: The Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education 34 (2): 223–239. doi:10.1080/15235882.2011.597823.
  • Conteh, J., and A. Brock. 2011. “Safe Spaces’? Sites of Bilingualism for Young Learners in Home, School and Community.” International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 14 (3): 347–360. doi:10.1080/13670050.2010.486850.
  • Cummins, J. 1984. Bilingualism and Special Education: Issues in Assessment and Pedagogy. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.
  • Cummins, J. 2000. Language, Power and Pedagogy: Bilingual Children in the Crossfire. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.
  • Cummins, J. 2014. “Teaching through a Multilingual Lens: The Evolution of EAL Policy and Practice in Canada.” Education Matters 2 (1): 3–40.
  • Cunningham, C. 2017. “Saying More Than You Realise about ‘EAL’: Discourses of Educators about Children Who Speak Languages Beyond English.” Unpublished PhD thesis, University of York. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19395/
  • Cunningham, C. 2018. “Terminological Tussles: Taking Issue with ‘EAL’ and ‘Languages Other than English’.” Power and Education. doi:10.1177/1757743818806919.
  • Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF). 2007. Supporting Children Learning English as an Additional Language. London: DCSF.
  • Department of Education. 2017. “Schools, Pupils, and Their Characteristics.” January 2017. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2012
  • Department for Education and Skills. 2006. Excellence and Enjoyment: Learning and Teaching for Bilingual Children in the Primary Years. London: The Department for Education.
  • DfES. 2007. New Arrivals Excellence Programme Guidance. London: DFES.
  • Dillon, A. M. 2010. “Supporting Home Language Maintenance among Children with English as an Additional Language in Irish Primary Schools.” Working Papers in Educational Linguistics 27 (2): 76–94.
  • Eisenchlas, S. A., A. C. Schalley, and D. Guillemin. 2013. “The Importance of Literacy in the Home Language: The View from Australia.” SAGE Open 3 (4): 1–14. doi:10.1177/2158244013507270.
  • Fairclough, N. 2015. Language and Power. 3rd ed. Abingdon: Routledge.
  • Flores, B. B., and H. L. Smith. 2009. “Teachers’ Characteristics and Attitudinal Beliefs about Linguistic and Cultural Diversity.” Bilingual Research Journal: The Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education 31 (1–2): 323–358. doi:10.1080/15235880802640789.
  • Flynn, N. 2013. “Linguistic Capital and the Linguistic Field for Teachers Unaccustomed to Linguistic Difference.” British Journal of Sociology of Education 34 (2): 225–242. doi:10.2307/23356980.
  • Flynn, N. 2015a. “Disambiguating with Bourdieu: Unravelling Policy from Practice in the Teaching of Children with English as an Additional Language.” Literacy 49 (1): 20–27. doi:10.1111/lit.12049.
  • Flynn, N. 2015b. “Turning a Bourdieuian Lens on English Teaching in Primary Schools: Linguistic Field, Linguistic Habitus and Linguistic Capital.” In Theory as Method in Research: On Bourdieu, Social Theory and Education, edited by Mark Murphy and Cristina Costa, 155–170. London: Routledge.
  • Franson, C. 1999. “Mainstreaming Learners of English as an Additional Language: The Class Teacher’s Perspective.” Language Culture and Curriculum 12 (1): 59–71. doi:10.1080/07908319908666569.
  • Garcóa-Nevarez, A. G., M. E. Stafford, and B. Arias. 2005. “Arizona Elementary Teachers’ Attitudes toward English Language Learners and the Use of Spanish in Classroom Instruction.” Bilingual Research Journal: The Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education 29 (2): 295–317. doi:10.1080/15235882.2005.10162837.
  • Geertz, C. 1973. The Interpretation of Cultures. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Gkaintartzi, A., A. Kiliari, and R. Tsokalidou. 2015. “‘Invisible’ Bilingualism – ‘Invisible’ Language Ideologies: Greek Teachers’ Attitudes towards Immigrant Pupils’ Heritage Languages.” International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 18 (1): 60–72. doi:10.1080/13670050.2013.877418.
  • Gkaintartzi, A., and R. Tsokalidou. 2011. “She is a Very Good Child but She Doesn’t Speak”: The Invisibility of Children’s Bilingualism and Teacher Ideology.” Journal of Pragmatics 43 (2): 588–601. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2010.09.014.
  • Gogolin, I. 1994. Der Monolinguale Habitus der Multilingualen Schule. Munster, Germany: Waxmann Verlag.
  • Gogolin, I. 1997. “The Monolingual Habitus “as the Common Feature in Teaching in the Language of the Majority in Different Countries.” Per Linguam 13 (2): 38–49. doi:10.5785/13-2-187.
  • Grainger, K., and P. E. Jones. 2013. “The ‘Language Deficit’ Argument and Beyond.” Language and Education 27 (2): 95–98. doi:10.1080/09500782.2012.760582.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. 1978. Language as Social Semiotic. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Heller, M. 1996. “Legitimate Language in a Multilingual School.” Linguistics and Education 8 (2): 139–157. doi:10.1016/S0898-5898(96)90011-X.
  • Helot, C., and A. Young. 2002. “Bilingualism and Language Education in French Primary Schools: Why and How Should Migrant Languages Be Valued?” International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 5 (2): 96–112. doi:10.1080/13670050208667749.
  • Horenczyk, G., and M. Tatar. 2002. “Teachers’ Attitudes toward Multiculturalism and Their Perceptions of the School Organizational Culture.” Teaching and Teacher Education 18 (4): 435–445. doi:10.1016/S0742-051X(02)00008-2.
  • Hutchby, I., and R. Wooffitt. 1998. Converstion Analysis. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Karabenick, S. A., and P. A. Clemens Noda. 2004. “Professional Development Implications of Teachers’ Beliefs and Attitudes toward English Language Learners.” Bilingual Research Journal 28 (1): 55–75. doi:10.1080/15235882.2004.10162612.
  • Kearney, F. 2014. “Inclusion or Invasion? How Irish Post-Primary Teachers View Newcomer Students in the Mainstream Classroom.” In Managing Diversity in Education: Languages, Policies, Pedagogies, edited by David Little, Constant Leung, and Piet Van Avermaet, 73–96. Bristol, England: Multilingual Matters.
  • Kingman. 1988. Kingman Report. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
  • Kubota, R. 2016. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities and Implications for Applied Linguistics.” Applied Linguistics 37 (4): 474–494. doi:10.1093/applin/amu045.
  • Landry, R., and R. Y. Bourhis. 1997. “Linguistic Landscape and Ethnolinguistic Vitality.” Journal of Language and Social Psychology 16 (1): 23–49. doi:10.1177/0261927X970161002.
  • Lee, J. S., and E. Oxelson. 2006. “Not My Job’: K–12 Teacher Attitudes toward Students’ Heritage Language Maintenance.” Bilingual Research Journal: The Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education 30 (2): 453–477. doi:10.1080/15235882.2006.10162885.
  • Maftoon, P., and N. Shakouri. 2012. “The Concept of Power in Teacher Talk: A Critical Discourse Analysis.” World Applied Sciences Journal 19 (8): 1208–1215. doi:10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.19.08.1894.
  • Martin, J. R. 2000. “Beyond Exchange: APPRAISAL Systems in English.” In Evaluation in Text: Authorial Stance and the Construction of Discourse, edited by S. Hunston and G. Thompson, 142–175. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Martin, J. R., and P. R. R. White. 2005. The Language of Evaluation: APPRAISAL in English. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1057/9780230511910.
  • May, S. 2010. “Introduction: Critical Multiculturalism.” In Critical Multiculturalism: Theory and Praxis, edited by Stephen May and Christine E. Sleeter. London: Routledge.
  • Murakami, C. 2008. “Everybody is Just Fumbling Along’: An Investigation of Views regarding EAL Training and Support Provisions in a Rural Area.” Language and Education 22 (4): 265. doi:10.2167/le767.0.
  • Murphy, V. 2018. “Why Using the Term EAL Can Be ‘Reckless.’” TES, May. Accessed 15 November 2018. https://www.tes.com/news/why-using-term-eal-can-be-reckless
  • NASUWT. 2012. Ethnic Minority Achievement. Birmingham, England: NASUWT.
  • Nielikäinen, J. 2014. “Rikkaus? A Survey of Primary School Teachers’ Attitudes towards Multiculturalism.” Finland: University of Eastern Finland.
  • Ofsted. 2009. Twenty Outstanding Primary Schools Excelling against the Odds. London: Ofsted.
  • Phillipson, R. 1992. Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Piller, I. 2017. Intercultural Communication: A Critical Introduction. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Primary National Strategies. 2009. Developing Language in the Primary School: Literacy and Primary Languages. London: Primary National Strategies.
  • Richards, K. 2003. Qualitative Inquiry in TESOL. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Sharples, R. 2017. “Local Practice, Translocal People: Conflicting Identities in the Multilingual Classroom.” Language and Education 31 (2): 169–183. doi:10.1080/09500782.2017.1295980.
  • Sierens, S., and P. V. Avermaet. 2014. “Language Diversity in Education: Evolving from Multilingual Education to Functional Multilingual Learning.” In Managing Diversity in Education: Languages, Policies, Pedagogies, edited by David Little, Constant Leung, and Piet Van Avermaet, 204–22. Bristol, England: Multilingual Matters.
  • Van Dijk, T. A. 2008. Discourse and Power. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Van Dijk, T. A.2013. “Ideology and Discourse.” In The Oxford Handbook of Political Ideologies, edited by Michael Freeden, Lyman Tower Sargent, and Marc Stears, 175–196. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Wardman, C., J. Bell, and E. Sharp. 2012. “Valuing Home Languages.” In Innovations in English Language Teaching for Migrants and Refugees, edited by David Mallows, 37–48. London: British Council.
  • Weininger, E. B. 2005. “Pierre Bourdieu on Social Class and Symbolic Violence.” In Approaches to Class Analysis, edited by E. O. Wright, 116–165. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Youngs, C. S., and G. A. Youngs. 2001. “Predictors of Mainstream Teachers’ Attitudes toward ESL Students.” TESOL Quarterly 35 (1): 97–120. doi:10.2307/3587861.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.