References
- Zschiesche , W . 1988 . “ Medical findings in welders – State of the art and IIW activities ” . In Proceedings of the IIW Asian Pacific Regional Welding Congress Vol. 2 , 1061 – 1072 .
- Gerhardsson , G . 1988 . “ Health surveillance of welders in Sweden ” . In IIW Asian Pacific Regional Welding Congress Vol. 2 , 1073 – 1097 .
- Gray , CN , Hewitt , PJ and Dare , PRM . 1982 . New approach would help control weld fumes at source . Weld Metal Fabr , : 318 – 324 . 1982 Sept;
- Gordon , SM , Szidon , JP , Krotoszynski , BK , Gibbons , RD and O'Neill , HJ . 1985 . Volatile organic compounds in exhaled air from patients with lung cancer . Clin Chem , 31 ( 8 ) : 1278 – 1282 .
- Moreton , J . 1985 . Fume emission rates for open arc welding processes . Metal Constr , 17 ( 5 ) : 308 – 310 .
- Castner , HR . Gas metal arc welding fume generation using pulsed current . Weld J , 74 ( 2 ) 59s – 68s . 1995 Feb.
- AWS . 1999 . “ Laboratory method for measuring fume generation rates and total fume emission of welding and allied processes ” . In AWS F1.2:1999. 7
- Ioffe , I , Maclean , D , Perelman , N , Stares , I and Thornton , M . 1995 . Fume formation rate at globular to spray mode transition during welding . J Phys D Appl Phys , 28 ( 12 ) : 2473 – 2477 .
- Haidar , J . 1999 . An analysis of heat transfer and fume production in gas metal arc welding. III . J Appl Phys , 85 ( 7 ) : 3448 – 3459 .
- Bosworth , MR and Deam , RT . 2000 . Influence of GMAW droplet size on fume formation rate . J Phys D Appl Phys , 33 ( 20 ) : 2605 – 2610 .
- Deam , RT , Simpson , SW and Haidar , J . 2000 . A semi empirical model of the fume formation from gas metal arc welding . J Phys D Appl Phys , 33 ( 11 ) : 1393 – 1402 .
- Mendez , PF , Jenkins , NT and Eagar , TW . “ Effect of electrode droplet size on evaporation and fume generation in GMAW ” . In Proceedings of the Conference of Gas Metal Arc Welding for the 21st Century Dec 6–8; Orlando (FL). 2000
- Dennis , JH , Hewitt , PJ , Redding , CAJ and Workman , AD . 2001 . A model for prediction of fume formation rate in gas metal arc welding (GMAW), globular and spray modes, DC electrode positive . Ann Occup Hyg , 45 ( 2 ) : 105 – 113 .
- Redding , CJ . June 2002 . Fume model for gas metal arc welding . Weld J , 81 ( 6 ) : 95s – 103s .
- Kennebeck , M . 1994 . Eye damage from radiation in arc welding: recognition, evaluations and control . Weld World , 33 ( 1 ) : 14 – 16 .
- Lee , J-H and Na , S-J . 2001 . An analysis of volumetric radiation heat flux and experimental comparison with arc light sensing in GTA welding process . J Mater Process Technol , 110 : 104 – 110 .
- Okuno , T , Ojima , J and Saito , H . 2001 . Ultraviolet radiation emitted by CO2 arc welding . Ann Occup Hyg , 45 ( 7 ) : 597 – 601 .
- Edwards , JJ . “ Ultraviolet radiation guide ” . In Technical Manual NEHC-TM9 , 23 Norfolk : Navy Environmental Health Centre. . Apr 2–5, 1992.
- Lyon , TL . 2002 Dec. . Knowing the dangers of actinic ultraviolet emissions . Weld J , 81 : 28 – 30 .
- American National Standards Institute (ANSI) . “ Safety in welding, cutting, and allied processes ” . In ANSI Z49.1
- British Standard . 1997 . “ Personal protection – Equipment for eye and face protection during welding and allied processes ” . In BS EN 175 10
- Brazilian Technical Standards Association . 1987 . “ Portable measuring equipment and monitors for X-ray and Gamma ray exposure, for use in radio protection ” . In NBR10011: NB1037 09/1987.
- Brazilian Technical Standards Association . 1988 . Precautions against ultra-violet radiation in discharge lamps , NBR10494: NB1158 09/1988
- Brazilian Technical Standards Association . 1991 . “ Photo-voltaic measures – Correction of the characteristics of current versus voltage (I × V) curves, as a function of temperature and radiation ” . In NBR12302: NB1386 12/1991.
- Brazilian Technical Standards Association . 1992 . “ Dosimeters – General test methods ” . In NBR12606: MB3536 04/1992.
- Brazilian Technical Standards Association . 1988 . “ Graphic symbols related to ionising radiation detectors ” . In NBR5445: SB12 05/1988.
- Brazilian Technical Standards Association . 1986 . “ Safety glass – radiation testing ” . In NBR9501: MB2436 08/1986.
- NR-15 . 2003 . “ Hazardous activities and operations, health and safety at work ” . In Atlas legislation manuals , 52nd ed.
- NR-6 . 2003 . “ Individual protection equipment – EPI, health and safety at work ” . In Atlas legislation manuals , 52nd ed.
- Ioffe , I . 1997 . UV radiation of the GTA welding plasma versus shielding gas composition . J Phys D Appl Phys , 30 : 793 – 797 .
- AWS. Radiation, safety and health fact sheet no. 2. 2003 Oct. p. 3.
- Mortensen , JT . 1988 . Risk for reduced sperm quality among metal workers with special reference to welders . Scand J Work Environ Health , 14 : 27 – 30 .
- Bonde , JP . 1992 . Semen quality in welders exposed to radiant heat . Br J Ind Med , 49 : 5 – 10 .
- Reis RP. Risks of fumes and gases from welding processes. Monograph XI in Post-Graduate Course, State of Play in Safety at Work Engineering – UFU; 2003. 72 p.