Optimization of process parameters of friction stir welding using desirability function analysis

References

• Rioja RJ, Liu J. The evolution of Al-Li base products for aerospace and space applications. Metall and Mat Trans A. 2012;43(9):3325–3337.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanhill RJH, Prasad NE, Gokhale AA. Aluminum-lithium alloys: processing, properties, and applications [Internet]; 2013 [cited 2019 Feb 9]. 596 p. Available from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=OG7PzP5xiHwC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Prasad,+N.+Eswara,+book&ots=Qw4geQQnJ5&sig=R3BP0ebgS2ysHj9mfuHVh9YGS2U#v=onepage&q=Prasad%2CN.Eswara%2Cbook&f=false
   Google Scholar
• Alam MP, Sinha AN. Fabrication of third generation Al–Li alloy by friction stir welding: a review. Sadhana. 2019;44(6):153.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dursun T, Soutis C. Recent developments in advanced aircraft aluminium alloys. Mater Des. 2014;56:862–871.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao R, Zhang X. Problems and issues in laser beam welding of aluminum-lithium alloys. J Manuf Processes. 2014;16(2):166–175.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janaki Ram GD, Mitra TK, Raju MK, et al. Use of inoculants to refine weld solidification structure and improve weldability in type 2090 Al–Li alloy. Mater Sci Eng A. 2000;276(1–2):48–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhondt M, Aubert I, Saintier N, et al. Effects of microstructure and local mechanical fields on intergranular stress corrosion cracking of a friction stir welded aluminum-copper-lithium 2050 nugget. Corros Sci. 2014;86:123–130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Jolu T, Morgeneyer TF, Denquin A, et al. Fatigue lifetime and tearing resistance of AA2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy friction stir welds: effect of defects. Int J Fatigue. 2015;70:463–472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavaliere P, De Santis A, Panella F, et al. Effect of anisotropy on fatigue properties of 2198 Al–Li plates joined by friction stir welding. Eng Fail Anal. 2009;16(6):1856–1865.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahid MA, Masood S, Khan ZA, et al. A simulation-based study on the effect of underwater friction stir welding process parameters using different evolutionary optimization algorithms. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part C J Mech Eng Sci. 2020;234(2):643–657.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Premnath A. Optimization of the process parameters on the mechanical and wear properties of Al–SiC nano-composites fabricated by friction stir processing using desirability approach. Silicon. 2020;12(3):665–675.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senthil SM, Parameshwaran R, Ragu Nathan S, et al. A multi-objective optimization of the friction stir welding process using RSM-based-desirability function approach for joining aluminum alloy 6063-T6 pipes. Struct Multidisc Optim. 2020;62(3):1117–1133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Sethi D, Choudhury S, et al. An experimental investigation to the influence of traverse speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA2050-T84 Al–Cu–Li alloy plates. Mater Today Proc. 2020;26(2):2062–2068.
   Google Scholar
• Cavaliere P. Friction stir welding of Al alloys: analysis of processing parameters affecting mechanical behavior. Procedia CIRP. 2013;11:139–144.
   Google Scholar
• Ren SR, Ma ZY, Chen LQ. Effect of welding parameters on tensile properties and fracture behavior of friction stir welded Al–Mg–Si alloy. Scr Mater. 2007;56(1):69–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Haiyan, Fu L, Liang P. Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of friction stir welded butt joints of 2A97 Al–Li alloy ultra-thin sheets. Mater Charact. 2017;692:155–169.
   Google Scholar
• Mao Y, Ke L, Liu F, et al. Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints of 2060 aluminum lithium alloy. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2015;81(5–8):1419–1431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed S, Saha P. Selection of optimal process parameters and assessment of its effect in micro-friction stir welding of AA6061-T6 sheets. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2020;106(7–8):3045–3061.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao JC, Payton EJ, Somsen C, et al. Where does the lithium go? – A study of the precipitates in the stir zone of a friction stir weld in a Li-containing 2xxx series Al alloy. Adv Eng Mater. 2010;12(4):298–303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakshminarayanan AK, Balasubramanian V. Process parameters optimization for friction stir welding of RDE-40 aluminium alloy using Taguchi technique. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China. 2008;18(3):548–554.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang YN, Cao X, Larose S, et al. Review of tools for friction stir welding and processing. Can Metall Q. 2012;51(3):250–261.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banik A, Saha A, Deb Barma J, et al. Determination of best tool geometry for friction stir welding of AA 6061-T6 using hybrid PCA-TOPSIS optimization method. Meas J Int Meas Confed. 2020;173:108573.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahlot P, Jha K, Dey GK, et al. Quantitative wear analysis of H13 steel tool during friction stir welding of Cu-0.8%Cr-0.1%Zr alloy. Wear. 2017;378–379:82–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasan AF, Bennett CJ, Shipway PH, et al. A numerical methodology for predicting tool wear in friction stir welding. J Mater Process Technol. 2017;241:129–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bist A, Saini JS, Sharma B. A review of tool wear prediction during friction stir welding of aluminium matrix composite. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China. 2016;26(8):2003–2018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam MP, Sinha AN. Effect of heat-assisting backing plate in friction stir welding of high strength Al–Li alloy. Energy Sources Part A Recover Util Environ Eff. 2019;7036:1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Wang J, Su J, Mishra RS, et al. Tool wear mechanisms in friction stir welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Wear. 2014;321:25–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun YF, Konishi Y, Kamai M, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of S45C steel prepared by laser-assisted friction stir welding. Mater Des. 2013;47:842–849.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos TG, Miranda RM, Vilaça P. Friction stir welding assisted by electrical joule effect. J Mater Process Technol. 2014;214(10):2127–2133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Lan S, Ni J. Journal of materials processing technology electrically assisted friction stir welding for joining Al 6061 to TRIP. J Mater Process Tech. 2015;219:112–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song Q, Wang H, Ji S, et al. Improving joint quality of hybrid friction stir welded Al/Mg dissimilar alloys by RBFNN-GWO system. J Manuf Process. 2020;59(July):750–759.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao W, Wu CS, Shi L. Acoustic induced antifriction and its effect on thermo-mechanical behavior in ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding. Int J Mech Sci. 2021;190:106039.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raturi M, Garg A, Bhattacharya A. Joint strength and failure studies of dissimilar AA6061-AA7075 friction stir welds: effects of tool pin, process parameters and preheating. Eng Fail Anal. 2019;96:570–588.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Chen S, Yuan T, et al. Improving the properties of friction stir welded 2219-T87 aluminum alloy with GTA offset preheating. J Manuf Process. 2020;51(January):10–18.
   Google Scholar
• Kundu J, Singh H. Friction stir welding of AA5083 aluminium alloy: multi-response optimization using Taguchi-based grey relational analysis. Adv Mech Eng. 2016;8(11):1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Akbari M, Shojaeefard MH, Asadi P, et al. Hybrid multi-objective optimization of microstructural and mechanical properties of B4C/A356 composites fabricated by FSP using TOPSIS and modified NSGA-II. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China. 2017;27(11):2317–2333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbari M, Asadi P. Optimization of microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded A356 pipes using Taguchi method. Mater Res Express. 2019;6:1–15.
   Google Scholar
• Cisko AR, Jordon JB, Amaro RL, et al. A parametric investigation on friction stir welding of Al–Li 2099. Mater Manuf Process. 2020;35(10):1069–1076.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jabra J, Romios M, Lai J, Lee E, et al. The effect of thermal exposure on the mechanical properties of 2099-T6 die forgings, 2099-T83 extrusions, 7075-T7651 plate, 7085-T7452 die forgings, 7085-T7651 plate, and 2397-T87 plate aluminum alloys. J Mater Eng Perform. 2006;15(5):601–607.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin Y, Zheng Z. Microstructural evolution of 2099 Al–Li alloy during friction stir welding process. Mater Charact. 2017;123:307–314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiuzuli FR, Batistão BF, Bergmann LA, et al. Effect of the gap width in AZ31 magnesium alloy joints obtained by friction stir welding. J Mater Res Technol. 2021;15:5297–5306.
   Google Scholar
• Minitab 17 Statistical Software. 17.3; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Devarajaiah D, Muthumari C. Evaluation of power consumption and MRR in WEDM of Ti–6Al–4V alloy and its simultaneous optimization for sustainable production. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng. 2018;40(8):1–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao YH, Lin SB, Wu L, et al. The influence of pin geometry on bonding and mechanical properties in friction stir weld 2014 Al alloy. Mater Lett. 2005;59(23):2948–2952.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Z, Wu CS. Influence of tool thread pitch on material flow and thermal process in friction stir welding. J Mater Process Technol. 2020;275:116281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari A, Pankaj P, Suman S, et al. Effect of plasma preheating on weld quality and tool life during friction stir welding of DH36 steel. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part B J Eng Manuf. 2021;235(9):1458–1472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sameer MD, Birru AK. Selection of friction stir welding tool rotational speed for joining dual phase DP600 steel sheets–an experimental approach. J Adhes Sci Technol. 2021;35(7):751–776.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar