Out on a limb? On multiple cognitive systems within the octopus nervous system

References

• Anderson, R. C., Mather, J. A., Monette, M. Q., & Zimsen, S. R. M. (2010). Octopuses (enteroctopus dofleini) recognize individual humans. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 13, 261–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnellos, A., & Moreno, A. (2015). Multicellular agency: An organizational view. Biology and Philosophy, 30(3), 333–357.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baars, B. J. (1983). Conscious contents provide the nervous system with coherent, global information. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation: Advances in research and theory (pp. 41–79). New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Baars, B. J. (2002). The conscious access hypothesis: Origins and recent evidence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(1), 47–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baars, B. J. (2005). Global workspace theory of consciousness. Toward a Cognitive Neuroscience Of Human Experience? Progress in Brain Research, 150, 45-53.
   Google Scholar
• Bayne, T. (2008). The unity of consciousness and the split-brain syndrome. The Journal of Philosophy, 105(6), 277–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayne, T. (2010). The unity of consciousness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boal, J. G. (2006). Social recognition: A top down view of cephalopod behaviour. Vie Et Milieu-Life & Environment, 56(2), 69–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrelli, L., & Fiorito, G. (2008). Behavioural analysis of learning and memory in cephalopods. In J. H. Byrne (Ed.), Learning and memory: A comprehensive reference (pp. 605–627). UK: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Boycott, B., & Young, J. (1958). Reversal of learned responses in octopus vulgaris lamarck. Animal Behaviour, 6(1–2), 45–52.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, R. A. (1991). Intelligence without representation. In R. A. Brooks (Ed.), Cambrian intelligence: The early history of the new AI (pp. 79–101). Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, A., & Chalmers, D. (1998). The extended mind. Analysis, 58(1), 7–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eliasmith, C. (2013). How to build a brain: A neural architecture for biological cognition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, J. K., Tregenza, T., & Norman, M. D. (2009). Defensive tool use in a coconut-carrying octopus. Current Biology, 19(23), R1069–R1070.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flash, T., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2001). Computational approaches to motor control. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 11(6), 655–662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godfrey-Smith, P. (2013). Cephalopods and the evolution of the mind. Pacific Conservation Biology, 19(1), 4–9.
   Google Scholar
• Godfrey-Smith, P. (2016). Other minds. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
   Google Scholar
• Graziadei, P. (1971). The nervous system of the arms. In J. Z. Young(Ed.), The anatomy of the nervous system of octopus vulgaris (pp. 45–61). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gutnick, T., Byrne, R. A., Hochner, B., & Kuba, M. (2011). Octopus vulgaris uses visual information to determine the location of its arm. Current Biology, 21, 460–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanlon, R. (2007). Cephalopod dynamic camouflage. Current Biology, 17(11), R400–R404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanlon, R. T., & Messenger, J. B. (1996). Cephalopod behaviour. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hochner, B. (2004). Octopus nervous system. In G. Adelman & B. H. Smith (Eds.), Encyclopedia of neuroscience (3rd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier B. V.
   Google Scholar
• Hochner, B., Shomrat, T., & Fiorito, G. (2006). The octopus: A model for a comparative analysis of the evolution of learning and memory mechanisms. Biological Bulletin, 210(3), 308–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hvorecny, L. M., Grudowski, J. L., Blakeslee, C. J., Simmons, T. L., Roy, P. R., Brooks, J. A., … Boal, J. G. (2007). Octopuses (octopus bimaculoides) and cuttlefishes (sepia pharaonis, S. officinalis) can conditionally discriminate. Animal Cognition, 10, 449–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuba, M. J., Byrne, R. A., Meisel, D. V., & Mather, J. A. (2006a). Exploration and habituation in intact free moving octopus vulgaris. International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 19(4), 426–438.
   Google Scholar
• Kuba, M. J., Byrne, R. A., Meisel, D. V., & Mather, J. A. (2006b). When do octopuses play? effects of repeated testing, object type, age, and food deprivation on object play in octopus vulgaris. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 120(3), 184–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mather, J. A. (1991). Navigation by spatial memory and use of visual landmarks in octopuses. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 168, 491–497.
   Google Scholar
• Mather, J. A. (2008). Cephalopod consciousness: Behavioural evidence. Consciousness and Cognition, 17, 37–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mather, J. A., & Anderson, R. C. (1993). Personalities of octopuses (octopus rubescens). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 107(3), 336–340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagel, T. (1971). Brain bisection and the unity of consciousness. Synthese, 22, 396–413.
   Google Scholar
• Norman, M. D., Finn, J., & Tregenza, T. (2001). Dynamic mimicry in an indo-malayan octopus. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 268(1478), 1755–1758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien, G., & Opie, J. (1998). The disunity of consciousness. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 76(3), 378–395.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richter, J. N., Hochner, B., & Kuba, M. J. (2015). Octopus arm movements under constrained conditions: Adaptation, modification and plasticity of motor primitives. Journal of Experimental Biology, 218, 1069–1076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowell, C. H. F. (1963). Excitatory and inhibitory pathways in the arm of octopus. Journal of Experimental Biology, 40, 257–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupert, R. (2009). Cognitive systems and the extended mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sperry, R. W. (1968). Hemisphere deconnection and unity in conscious awareness. American Psychologist, 23(10), 723–733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumbre, G., Fiorito, G., Flash, T., & Hochner, B. (2005). Motor control of flexible octopus arms. Nature, 433, 595–596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumbre, G., Gutfreund, Y., Fiorito, G., Flash, T., & Hochner, B. (2001). Control of octopus arm extension by a peripheral motor program. Science, 293, 1845–1848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thelen, E., Schöner, G., Scheier, C., & Smith, L. B. (2001). The dynamics of embodiment: A field theory of infant perseverative reaching. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 1–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tricarico, E., Borrelli, L., Gherardi, F., & Fiorito, G. (2011). I know my neighbour: Individual recognition in octopus vulgaris. PLoS One, 6(4), 1–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Duijn, M., Keijzer, F., & Franken, D. (2006). Principles of minimal cognition: Casting cognition as sensorimotor coordination. Adaptive Behavior, 14(2), 157–170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Gelder, T. (1995). What might cognition be. If Not Computation? The Journal Of Philosophy, 91(7), 345–381.
   Google Scholar
• Vitti, J. J. (2013). Cephalopod cognition in an evolutionary context: Implications for ethology. Biosemiotics, 6, 393–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, M. J. (1964). Tactile discrimination of surface curvature and shape by the octopus. Journal of Experimental Biology, 41, 433–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, M. J., & Wells, J. (1957). The function of the brain of octopus in tactile discrimination. Journal of Experimental Biology, 34, 131–142.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, M. J., & Young, J. Z. (1970). Stimulus generalization in the tactile system of octopus. Journal of Neurobiology, 2(1), 31–46.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wolpert, D. M. (1997). Computational approaches to motor control. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 1(6), 209–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zullo, L., Sumbre, G., Agnisola, C., Flash, T., & Hochner, B. (2009). Nonsomatotopic organization of the higher motor centers in octopus. Current Biology, 19, 1632–1636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar