Inclusions and exclusions: racial categorizations and panethnicities in higher education

References

• Abbott, C. (2020, March 17). The “Chinese flu” is part of a long history of racializing disease. Citylab. https://www.citylab.com/equity/2020/03/coronavirus-racism-disease-chinatown-bubonic-plague-honolulu/608149
   Google Scholar
• Accapadi, M. M. (2012). Asian American identity consciousness: A polycultural model. In D. Ching & A. Agbayani (Eds.), Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in higher education: Research and perspectives on identity, leadership, and success (pp. 57–93). National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, T. (1997). Racial and ethnic classification: Two steps forward and one step back? Public Health Reports, 12, 477–480. https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC1381925&blobtype=pdf
   Google Scholar
• Buenavista, T. L. (2013). Pilipinos in the middle: Higher education and a sociocultural context of contradictions. In D. C. Maramba & R. Bonus (Eds.). The “other” students: Filipino Americans, education, and power (pp. 259–276). Information Age Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Calderón, J. (1992). “Hispanic” and “Latino”: The viability of categories for panethnic unity. Latin American Perspectives, 19(4), 37–44. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X9201900404
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, J. (2017). Complexities of racial identity development for Asian Pacific Islander Desi American (APIDA) college students. New Directions for Student Services, 2017(160), 11–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.20240
   Google Scholar
• Chang, M. J., Park, J. J., Lin, M. H., Poon, O. A., & Nakanishi, D. T. (2007). Beyond myths: The growth and diversity of Asian American college freshmen, 1971–2005. Higher Education Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Dache, A., Haywood, J. M., & Mislán, C. (2019). A badge of honor not shame: An AfroLatina theory of Black-imiento for U.S. higher education research. The Journal of Negro Education, 88(2), 130–145.
   Google Scholar
• Davé, S., Dhingra, P., Maira, S., Mazumdar, P., Shankar, L., Singh, J., & Srikanth, R. (2000). De-privileging positions: Indian Americans, South Asian Americans, and the politics of Asian American studies. Journal of Asian American Studies, 3(1), 67–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/jaas.2000.0003
   Google Scholar
• Dizon, J. P. M. (2011). Lessons on ethnic data disaggregation from the “Count Me In” campaign. The Vermont Connection, 32. 32-40. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/tvc/vol32/iss1/3
   Google Scholar
• Espiritu, Y. L. (1992). Asian American panethnicity: Bridging institutions and identities. Temple University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Garces, L. M., & Poon, O. (2018). Asian Americans and race-conscious admissions: Understanding the conservative opposition’s strategy of misinformation, intimidation and racial division. The Civil Rights Project/Proyecto Derechos Civiles.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, L. K. (2015). Which of these things is not like the other: Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders are not Asian Americans, and all Pacific Islanders are not Hawaiian. American Quarterly, 67(3), 727–747. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/a.2015.0050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harpalani, V. (2009). Ambiguity, ambivalence, and awakening: A South Asian becoming ‘critically’ aware of race in America. Berkeley Journal of African American Law & Policy, 11(1), 71–83.
   Google Scholar
• Harpalani, V. (2013). DesiCrit: Theorizing the racial ambiguity of South Asian Americans. New York University Annual Survey of American Law, 69(1), 77–94.
   Google Scholar
• Hernandez, X. J. (2016). Filipino American college students at the margins of neoliberalism. Policy Futures in Education, 14(3), 327–344. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210316631870
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, J. A. (2015). Racial ambiguity in Asian American culture. Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hong, E. (2020, May 15). Why I’ve stopped telling people I’m not Chinese. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/15/opinion/coronavirus-chinese-asian-racism.html
   Google Scholar
• Hune, S. (2002). Demographics and diversity of Asian American college students. In M. K. McEwen, C. M. Kodama, A. N. Alvarez, S. Lee, & C. T. H. Liang (Eds.), Working with Asian American college students. New Directions for Student Services, 97. Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Iftikar, J. S., & Museus, S. D. (2018). On the utility of Asian critical (AsianCrit) theory in the field of education. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 31(10), 935–949. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2018.1522008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ignacio, L. F. (1976). Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Is there such an ethnic group?. Pilipino Development Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Johnston-Guerrero, M. P. (2016). Embracing the messiness: Critical and diverse perspectives on racial and ethnic identity development. New Directions for Student Services, 2016(154), 43–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.20174
   Google Scholar
• Johnston-Guerrero, M. P., & Chaudhari, P. (2016). Everyone is just mixed to me: Exploring the role of multiraciality in college students’ racial claims. Equity & Excellence in Education, 49(3), 254–266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2016.1194098
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston-Guerrero, M. P., & Pizzolato, J. E. (2016). The utility of race and ethnicity in the multidimensional identities of Asian American students. Journal of College Student Development, 57(8), 905–924. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2016.0090
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kao, G., & Joyner, K. (2006). Do Hispanic and Asian adolescents practice panethnicity in friendship choices? Social Science Quarterly, 87(s1), 972–992. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2006.00411.x
   Google Scholar
• Kauanui, J. K. (2008, September 8). Where are Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders in higher education? Diverse Issues in Higher Education. http://diverseeducation.wordpress.com/2008/09/08/where-are-native-hawaiians-and-other-pacific-islanders-in-higher-education/#comments
   Google Scholar
• Koshy, S. (2001). Morphing race into ethnicity: Asian Americans and critical transformations of whiteness. Boundary, 2, 28(1), 153–194. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-28-1-153
   Google Scholar
• Lee, S. M. (1993). Racial classifications in the US census: 1890–1990. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 16 (1), 75–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.1993.9993773
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez, D., & Espiritu, Y. (1990). Panethnicity in the United States: A theoretical framework. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 13(2), 198–224. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.1990.9993669
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe, L. (1996). Immigrant acts: On Asian American cultural politics. Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Maira, S. (2002). Desis in the house: Indian American youth culture in New York City. Temple University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mallapragada, M. (2014). Rethinking Desi: Race, class, and online activism of South Asian immigrants in the United States. Television & New Media, 15(7), 664–678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476413487225
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maramba, D. C. (2008). Immigrant families and the college experience: Perspectives of Filipina Americans. Journal of College Student Development, 49(4), 336–350. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.0.0012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maramba, D. C., & Bonus, R. (Eds.) (2012). The “other” students: Filipino Americans, education and power. Information Age Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Masuoka, N. (2006). Together they become one: Examining the predictors of panethnic group consciousness among Asian Americans and Latinos. Social Science Quarterly, 87(s1), 993–1011. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2006.00412.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew, B., & Prashad, V. (2000). The protean forms of Yankee Hindutva. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 23 (3), 516–534. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/014198700328971
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuda, M. J. (1996). Where is your body? And other essays on race, gender, and the law. Beacon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, C. W. (1999). The racial contract. Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mora, G. C., & Okamoto, D. (2020). Boundary articulation and emergent identities: Asian and Hispanic panethnicity in comparison 1970-1980. Social Problems, 67 (1), 56–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Museus, S. D., & Kiang, P. K. (2009). Deconstructing the model minority myth and how it contributes to the invisible minority reality in higher education research. New Directions for Institutional Research, 142, 5–15.
   Google Scholar
• Nadal, K. L., Pituc, S. T., Johnston, M. P., & Esparrago, T. (2010). Overcoming the model minority myth: Experiences of Filipino American graduate students. Journal of College Student Development, 51(6), 694–706. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2010.0023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Commission on Asian American and Pacific Islander Research in Education (CARE) (2008). Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders – facts, not fiction: Setting the record straight. Author.
   Google Scholar
• Ngo, B., & Lee, S. J. (2007). Complicating the image of model minority success: A review of Southeast Asian American education. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 415–453. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654307309918
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, B. D., Nguyen, M. H., & Nguyen, T. K. (2014). Advancing the Asian American and Pacific Islander data quality campaign: Data disaggregation practice and policy. Asian American Policy Review, 24, 55–67.
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, T., & Gasman, M. (2015). Cultural identity and allegiance among Vietnamese students and their organizations at the University of California, Irvine: 1980–1990. Teachers College Record, 117, 1–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ocampo, A. C. (2016). The Latinos of Asia: How Filipino Americans break the rules of race. Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Office of Management and Budget. (1997, October 30). Revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Revisions-to-the-Standards-for-the-Classification-of-Federal-Data-on-Race-and-Ethnicity-October30-1997.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Okamoto, D. G. (2014). Redefining race: Asian American panethnicity and shifting ethnic boundaries. Russell Sage Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Omi, M., Nguyen, M. H., & Chan, J. (2020). Panethnicity and ethnic heterogeneity: The politics of lumping and disaggregating Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in educational policy. In R. T. Teranishi, B. M. D. Nguyen, C. M. Alcantar, & E. R. Curammeng (Eds.), Measuring race: Why disaggregating data matters for addressing educational inequality (pp. 46–66). Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Omi, M., & Winant, H. (2015). Racial formation in the United States (3rd ed.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Osei-Kofi, N. (2012). Identity, fluidity, and groupism: The construction of multiraciality in education discourse. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 34 (5), 245–257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2012.732782
   Google Scholar
• Pak, Y. K., Maramba, D. C., & Hernandez, X. J. (2014). Asian Americans in higher education. ASHE Higher Education Report, 40(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/aehe.20013
   Google Scholar
• Park, J. J. (2019). An uneven playing field: The complex educational experiences of Asian Americans. American Council on Education.
   Google Scholar
• Park, J. J., & Teranishi, R. T. (2008). Asian American and Pacific Islander Serving Institutions: Historical perspectives and future prospects. In M. Gasman, B. Baez, & C. S. V. Turner (Eds.), Understanding minority-serving institutions (pp. 111–126). Suny Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. (2015, June 10). What census calls us: A historical timeline. Retrieved September 22, 2018, from https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2015/06/ST_15.06.11_MultiRacial-Timeline.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Poon, O. A., Dizon, J. P., & Squire, D. (2017). Count me in!: Ethnic data disaggregation advocacy, racial mattering, and lessons for racial justice coalitions. The Journal Committed to Social Change on Race and Ethnicity, 3(1), 122–154.
   Google Scholar
• Poon, O. A., & Segoshi, M. S. (2018). The racial mascot speaks: A critical race discourse analysis of Asian Americans and Fisher vs. University of Texas. The Review of Higher Education, 42(1), 235–267. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.2018.0029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poon, O., Squire, D., Kodama, C., Byrd, A., Chan, J., Manzano, L., Furr, S., & Bishundat, D. (2016). A critical review of the model minority myth in selected literature on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in higher education. Review of Educational Research, 86 (2), 469–502. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315612205
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes, N. A. S. (2018). A space for survivance: Locating Kānaka Maoli through the resonance and dissonance of critical race theory. Race Ethnicity and Education, 21(6), 739–756. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2017.1376632
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes, N. A. S. (2019). What am I doing to be a good ancestor?: An indigenized phenomenology of giving back among Native college graduates. American Educational Research Journal, 56(3), 603–637. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831218807180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes, N. A. S., Wright, E. K., Goodyear-a‘ōpua & Oliveira, K. R. K. N. (2020). Embodying Haumea: Wāhine scholars cultivating Kanaka independence/ts in the academy. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 33(2), 240–249. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2019.1681543
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhoads, R. A., Lee, J. J., & Yamada, M. (2002). Panethnicity and collective action among Asian American students: A qualitative case study. Journal of College Student Development, 43(6), 876–891.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salinas, C. Jr., & Lozano, A. (2017). Mapping and recontextualizing the evolution of the term Latinx: An environmental scanning in higher education. Journal of Latinos and Education, 18(4), 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, N. T. (2010). Hip Hop Desis: South Asian Americans, Blackness, and a global race consciousness. Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, A. (2007). Names can wait: The misnaming of the South Asian diaspora in theory and practice. South Asian Review, 28(1), 21–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02759527.2007.11932500
   Google Scholar
• Teranishi, R. T., Nguyen, B. M. D., & Alcantar, C. M. (2015). The data quality movement for the Asian American and Pacific Islander community: An unresolved civil rights issue. In P. A. Noguera, J. C. Pierce, & R. Ahram (Eds.), Race, equity, and education: Sixty years from Brown (pp. 139–154). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Trask, H.-K. (2000). Settlers of color and “immigrant” hegemony: “Locals” in Hawai’i. Amerasia Journal, 26(2), 1–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.26.2.b31642r221215k7k
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uehara, D. L., Chugen, J., & Staley Raatior, V. (2018). Perceptions of Pacific Islander students in higher education. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 11(2), 182–192. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe0000057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vue, R. (2021). Trauma and resilience in the lives and education of Hmong American students: Forging pedagogies of remembrance with critical refugee discourse. Race Ethnicity and Education, 24(2), 282–301. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/1361332019.1599347
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, E. K., & Balutski, B. J. N. (2016). Ka ‘ikena a ka Hawai’i: Toward a Kanaka ‘Ōiwi critical race theory. In K. R. K. N. Oliveira & E. K. Wright (Eds.), Kanaka ‘Ōiwi methodologies: Mo’olelo and metaphor (pp. 86–108). University of Hawai’i Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, E. (2015). The color of success: Asian Americans and the origins of the model minority. Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, E. (forthcoming). Overrepresented: Asian Americans in the age of affirmative action. Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yellow Horse, A. J., & Huyser, K. R. (2021). Indigenous data sovereignty and COVID-19 data issues for American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes and populations. Journal of Population Research. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12546-021-09261-5
   Google Scholar