Aspirin resistance in coronary artery disease is correlated to elevated markers for oxidative stress but not to the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) 1/2, a novel COX-1 polymorphism or the PlA_1/2 polymorphism

References

• Collaborative overview of randomized trials of antiplatelet therapy. Br Med J 1994; 308: 81–106, Antiplatelet Trialist's Collaboration
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eikelboom JW, Hankey GJ. Aspirin resistance: A new independent predictor of vasular events?. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41: 966–968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong S, Appleberg M, Ward CM, Lewis DR. Aspirin resistance in cardiovascular disease: A review. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2004; 27: 456–465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin CP, Talbert RL. Aspirin resistance: An evaluation of current evidence and measurement methods. Pharmacotherapy 2005; 25: 942–953
   Google Scholar
• Eikelboom JW, Hirsh J, Weitz JI, Johnston M, Yi Q, Yusuf S. Aspirin-resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. Circulation 2002; 105: 1650–1655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gum PA, Kottke-Marchant K, Poggio ED, Gurm H, Welsh PA, Brooks L, Sapp SK, Topol EJ. Profile and prevalence of aspirin resistance in patients with cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88: 230–235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gum PA, Kottke-Marchant K, Welsh PA, White J, Topol EJA. prospective, blinded determination of the natural history of aspirin resistance among stable patients with cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41: 961–965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurth T, Glynn RJ, Walker AM, Chan KA, Buring JE, Hennekens CH, Gaziano JM. Inhibition of clinical benefits of aspirin on first myocardial infarction by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Circulation 2003; 108: 1191–1195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald TM, Wei L. Effect of ibuprofen on cardioprotective effect of aspirin. Lancet 2003; 361: 573–574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruef J, Nordt TK, Peter K, Runge MS, Kübler W, Bode C. A bispecific antiplatelet-antifibrin urokinase conjugate induces enhanced clot lysis and inhibits platelet aggregation. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82: 109–114
   Google Scholar
• Homoncik M, Jilma B, Hergovich N, Stohlawetz P, Panzer S, Speiser W. Monitoring of aspirin (ASA) pharmacodynamics with the platelet function analyzer (PFA-100). Thromb Haemost 2000; 83: 316–321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakroun T, Gerotziafas G, Robert F, Lecrubier C, Samama MM, Hatmi M, Elalamy I. In vitro aspirin resistance detected by PFA-100 closure time: Pivotal role of plasma von Willebrand factor. Br J Hematol 2004; 124: 80–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen K, Hurlen M, Arnesen H, Seljeflot I. Aspirin non-responsiveness as measured by PFA-100 in patients with coronary artery disease. Thromb Res 2002; 108: 37–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber AA, Przytulski B, Schumacher M, Zimmermann N, Gams E, Hohlfeld T, Schrör K. Flow cytometry analysis of platelet cyclooxygenase-2 expression: Induction of platelet cyclooxygenase-2 in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Br J Hematol 2002; 117: 424–426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertram U, Moser M, Peter K, Kücherer H, Bekeredjan R, Straub A, Nordt TK, Bode C, Ruef J. Effects of different thrombolytic treatment regimen with abciximab and tirofiban on platelet aggregation and platelet-leukocyte interactions. J Thromb Thrombolys 2002; 14: 197–203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chomczynski P, Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 1987; 162: 156–159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helgason CM, Bolin KM, Hoff JA, Winkler SR, Mangat A, Tortorice KL, Brace LD. Development of aspirin resistance in persons with previous ischemic stroke. Stroke 1994; 25: 2331–2336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanderson S, Emery J, Baglin T, Kinmonth AL. Narrative review: Aspirin resistance and its clinical implications. Ann Intern Med 2005; 142: 370–380
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Catella-Lawson F, Reilly MP, Kapoor SC, Cucchiara AJ, DeMarco S, Tournier B, Yvas SN, FitzGerald GA. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors and the antiplatelet effects of aspirin. New Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1809–1817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krotz F, Schiele TM, Klauss V, Sohn HY. Selective COX-2 inhibitors and risk of myocardial infarction. J Vasc Res 2005; 42: 312–324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jefferson BK, Foster JH, McCarthy JJ, Ginsburg G, Parker A, Kottke-Marchant K, Topol EJ. Aspirin resistance and a single gene. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 805–808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halushka MK, Walker LP, Halushka PV. Genetic variation in cyclooxygenase 1: Effects on response to aspirin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003; 73: 122–130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber AA, Zimmermann KC, Meyer-Kirchrath J, Schrör J. Cyclooxygenase-2 in human platelets as a possible factor in aspirin resistance. Lancet 1999; 353: 900–910
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vane JR, Bakhle YS, Botting RM. Cyclooxygenases 1 and 2. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1998; 38: 97–120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halushka MK, Halushka PV. Why are some individuals resistant to the cardioprotective effects of aspirin? Could it be thromboxane A2?. Circulation 2002; 105: 1620–1622
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruef J, Peter K, Nordt TK, Runge MS, Kübler W, Bode C. Oxidative stress and atherosclerosis: Its relationship to growth factors, thrombus formation and therapeutic approaches. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82(Suppl)32–37
   Google Scholar
• Cipollone F, Ciabattoni G, Patrignani P, Pasquale M, Di Gregorio D, Bucciarelli T, Davi G, Cuccurullo F, Patrono C. Oxidant stress and aspirin-insensitive thromboxane biosynthesis in severe unstable angina. Circulation 2000; 102: 1007–1013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrono C, FitzGerald GA. Isoprostanes: Potential markers of oxidant stress in atherothrombotic disease. Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 2309–2315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrignani P. Aspirin insensitive eicosanoid biosynthesis in cardiovascular disease. Thromb Res 2003; 110: 281–286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruef J, Moser M, Kübler W, Bode C. Induction of endothelin-1 expression by oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Pathol 2001; 10: 311–315
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Csiszar A, Stef G, Pacher P, Ungvari Z. Oxidative stress-induced isoprostane formation may contribute to aspirin resistance in platelets. Prostag Leukotr Essent 2002; 66: 557–558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calzada C, Vericel E, Lagarde M. Low concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides prime human platelet aggregation specifically via cyclooxygenase activation. Biochem J 1997; 325: 495–500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nurden AT. Platelet glycoprotein IIIa polymorphism and coronary thrombosis. Lancet 1997; 350: 1189–1191
   Google Scholar
• Undas A, Brummel K, Musial J, Mann KG, Szczeklik A. PLA2 polymorphism of β3 integrin is associated with enhanced thrombin generation and impaired antithrombotic action of aspirin at the site of microvascular injury. Circulation 2001; 104: 2666–2672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topol EJ. Common variations in platelet glycoproteins: Pharmacogenomic implications. Pharmacogenomics 2001; 2: 341–352
   Google Scholar
• Sperr WR, Huber K, Roden M, Janisiw M, Lang T, Graf S, Maurer G, Mayr WR, Panzer S. Inherited platelet glycoprotein polymorphisms and a risk for coronary heart disease in young central Europeans. Thromb Res 1998; 90: 117–123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Roos CM, Cooke GE. Platelet PlA2 polymorphism and thromboembolic events: From inherited risk to pharmacogenetics. J Thromb Thrombolys 1999; 8: 89–103
   Google Scholar
• Pamukcu B, Oflaz H, Nisanci Y. The role of platelet glycoprotein IIIa polymorphism in the high prevalence of in vitro aspirin resistance in patients with intracoronary stent restenosis. Am Heart J 2005; 149: 675–680
   Google Scholar
• Papp E, Havasi V, Bene J, Komlosi K, Czopf L, et al. Glycoprotein IIIA gene (PlA) polymorphism and aspirin resistance: Is there a correlation?. Ann Pharmacother 2005; 39: 1013–1018
   Google Scholar
• Cambria-Kiely JA, Gandhi PJ. Aspirin resistance and genetic polymorphisms. J Thromb Thrombolys 2002; 14: 51–58
   PubMedGoogle Scholar