- Cockburn , W.C. , Hobson , B. , Lightbown , J.W. , Lyng , J. and Macgrath , D. 1991 . 'The International Contribution to the Standardization of Biological Substances. II. Biological Standards and the World Health Organization 1947-1990. General Considerations' . Biologicals , 19 : 257 – 264 .
- Gibbons , M. , Limoges , C. , Nowotny , H. , Schwartzman , S. , Scott , P. and Trow , M. 1994 . The New Production of Knowledge , London : Sage .
- WHO . 1997 . “ 'Biological Standardization and Control: A Scientific Review Commissioned by the UK National Biological Standards Board (NBSB)' ” . Geneva : World Health Organization .
- Morris , N. 2000 . 'Vial Bodies: Conflicting Interests in the Move to New Institutional Relationships in Biological Medicines Research and Regulation' . Research Policy , 29 : 149 – 167 .
- WHO . 1992 . “ 'Guidelines for National Authorities on Quality Assurance for Biologies' ” . Technical Report Series 822 Geneva : World Health Organization .
- Crook , S. , Pakulski , J. and Waters , M. 1992 . Postmodernization: Change in Advanced Society , London : Sage .
- Geisler , E. 1993 . 'Editorial: On the Importance of University-Industry-Government Cooperation: A Global Perspective' . International Journal of Technology Management , 8 (6-8) : 435 – 438 .
- Wilkie , T. 1991 . British Science and Politics Since 1945 , Oxford : Blackwell .
- Ziman , J. 1994 . Prometheus Bound: Science in a Dynamic 'Steady State' , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
- Leydesdorff , L. and Etzkowitz , H. 1996 . 'Emergence of a Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations' . Science and Public Policy , 23 (5) : 279 – 286 .
- Elzinga , A. and Jamison , A. 1994 . “ 'Changing policy agendas in science and technology' ” . In Handbook of Science and Technology Studies , Edited by: Jasanoff , S. , Markle , G.E. , Petersen , J.C. and Pinch , T . London : Sage .
- Anderson , J. and Fears , R. 1994 . Shaping Things to Come: Planning National Research Priorites: Foresight and the Science Base in Wealth and Health Creation. Report of the SmithKline Beecham Policy Symposium , Stevenage : SmithKline Beecham .
- Abraham , J. 1995 . Science, Politics and the Pharmaceutical Industry: Controversy and Bias in Drug Regulation , UCL Press : London .
- NIBSC . 1998 . (National Institute for Biological Standards and Control): Annual Report & Accounts 1996-97 , NIBSC, Potters Bar .
- Emerson , S.G. 1996 . 'Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic precursors, progenitors, and stem cells: the next generation of cellular therapeutics' . Blood , 87 (8) : 3082 – 3088 .
- 1996 . Animal Tissue into Humans-A Report by the Advisory Group on the Ethics of Xenotransplantation , London : Department of Health, HMSO .
- Weiss , R. and Wallwork , J. 1997 . 'Saving our Bacon?' . The Times Higher , 31 January : 17
- Brundtland , G.H. 1998 . “ 'Address to the World Health Assembly, May 1998' ” . Geneva : World Health Organization Press Release .
- Children's Vaccine Initiative . 1997 . Managing Opportunity and Change: A Vision of Vaccination for the 21st Century; the CVI Strategic Plan , Geneva : CVI .
- Brundtland , G.H. 1999 . 'Opening Address to IABS/WHO Symposium, Geneva, 1998' . Developments in Biological Standardization , 100 : 5 – 7 .
- US Food and Drug Administration . November 1995 . Reinventing the Regulation of Drugs made from Biotechnology: National Performance Review November , Washington
- Lexchin , J. 1990 . 'Drug Makers and Drug Regulators: Too Close for Comfort: A Study of the Canadian Situation' . Social Science & Medicine , 31 : 1257 – 1263 .
- Lexchin , J. 1994 . 'Who Needs Faster Drug Approval Times in Canada: The Public or the industry?' . International Journal of Health Sciences , 24 : 253 – 264 .
- Abraham , J. and Lewis , G. 1999 . 'Harmonising and Competing for Medicines Regulation: How Healthy are the EU's Systems of Drug Approval?' . Social Science & Medicine , 48 : 1655 – 1667 .
- Jones , C. , Crane , D.T. , Lemercinier , X. , Bolgiano , B. and Yost , S.E. 1996 . 'Physicochemical Studies of the Structure and Stability of Polysaccharide-Protein Conjugate Vaccines' . Developments in Biological Standardization , 87 : 143 – 151 .
- 1980 . Official Journal of the Europena Communities , 181 (1) : 44 – 46 . See, e.g. EEC Directive 89/381
- Zorzi-Morre , P. 1999 . 'ICH Activities on Biotech Topics' . Developments in Biological Standardization , 100 : 151 – 153 .
- ICH . “ 'Closing Report of the ICH4 Meeting in Brussels, 16-18 July 1997' ” . available from ICH Secretariat, c/o IFPMA, 30 rue de St Jean, 1211 Vol. 18 , Geneva, , Switzerland
- Antezana , F.S. 1997 . 'The Quality of Biological Medicines--An International Perspective' . Science and Public Policy , 24 (5) : 355 – 356 .
- Brundtland , G.H. 1999 . 'Opening Address to IABS/WHO Symposium, Geneva, 1998' . Developments in Biological Standardization , 100 : 7
- Brown , P. 1991 . 'Trials and Tribulations of a Malaria Vaccine' . New Scientist , 16 March : 18 – 19 .
- Brown , P. 1994 . 'Guarded Welcome for Malaria Vaccine' . New Scientist , 5 November : 14 – 15 . Initial controversy over the Colombian malaria vaccine developed by Manuel Pattaroya is an example; see
- Morris , N. 1999 . 'International Challenges and Public Policy Issues' . Developments in Biological Standardization , 100 : 159 – 170 .
- NIBSC . 1998 . (National Institute for Biological Standards and Control): Annual Report & Accounts 1996-97 , 5 NIBSC : Potters Bar .
- 1995 . WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization , Forty-fifth Report, WHO Technical Report Series, No. 852 Geneva : WHO .
- Morris , N. 2000 . 'Vial Bodies: Conflicting Interests in the Move to New Institutional Relationships in Biological Medicines Research and Regulation' . Research Polity , 29 : 149 – 167 .
- WHO . 1997 . “ 'Summary and Conclusions' ” . In Biological Standardization and Control: A Scientific Renew Commissioned by the UK National Biological Standards Board (NBSB) , 40 Geneva : World Health Organization .
- 1995 . CBER Strategic Plan 2004 , Washington : FDA . DO227
- Turney , J. 1996 . To Know Science is to Lose It? , London : Royal Society .
- Morris , N. 1997 . 'Biological Medicines in the Age of Biotech: Public Policy Issues' . Science and Public Policy , 24 (1) : 53 – 62 .
- House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology . 2000 . Third Report: Science and Society , London : HMSO .
- Abraham , J. and Lewis , G. 1998 . 'Secrecy and Transparency of Medicines Licensing in the EU' . Lancet , 352 : 480 – 482 .
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.