Back to the future of women in technology: insights from understanding the shortage of women in innovation sectors for managing corporate foresight

References

• Adams, B. R. and T. Kirchaier 2013. “Making it to the Top: From Female Labour Force Participations to Boardroom Gender Diversity”. Financial Markets Group Discussion Paper 715, London School of Economics, ISSN 0956-8549-715.
   Google Scholar
• Barau, A. B. 2012. “Gendering the Digital Body: Women and Computers.” Al & Society 27: 465–477.
   Google Scholar
• Barsh, J. L. 2011. Special Report: Unlocking the Full Potential of Women in the U.S. Economy. McKinsey & Company. Accessed December 15, 2015, http://www.mckinsey.com/Client_Service/Organization/Latest_thinking/Unlocking_the_full_potential.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Bergman, B., and L. R. -M. Hallberg. 2002. “Women in a Male-Dominated Industry: Factor Analysis of a Women Workplace Culture Questionnaire Based on a Grounded Theory Model.” Journal of Sex Roles 46: 311–322. doi: 10.1023/A:1020276529726
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battistella, C., and A. F. De Toni. 2011. “A Methodology of Technological Foresight: A Proposal and Field Study.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 78: 1029–1048. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2011.01.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer, S. 1998. “Gender Differences in Casual Attributions by College Student of Performance on Course Examinations.” Current Psychology 17 (4): 346–347. doi: 10.1007/s12144-998-1016-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, N. D. 2004. “Gender Difference in Perceived Disciplinary Fairness.” Gender, Work and Organization, 11 (3): 254–279. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0432.2004.00231.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, H. A. 2003. “Finding Gender Advantage and Disadvantage: Systematic Research Integration is the Solution.” The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 851–859. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H. 2009. “The His and Hers of Prosocial Behaviour: An Examination of the Social Psychology of Gender.” American Psychologist 64 (8): 644–658. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.64.8.644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H., and A. B. Diekman. 2005. “What is the Problem? Prejudice as an Attitude-in-Context.” In On the Nature of Prejudice: Fifty Years After Allport, edited by Glick Dovidio and L. Rudman, 19–35. Malden: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• FT. 2015. “Gender Equality in the Tech Sector Will Benefit the Global Economy.” Financial Times Newspaper [Online], Accessed July 2, 2016, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/e2f8ad0a-bdd6-11e5-9fdb-87b8d15baec2.html#axzz3xgWhH6MG.
   Google Scholar
• Georghiou, L., and J. Cassingena Harper. 2011. “From Priority Setting to Articulation of Demand: Foresight for Research and Innovation Policy and Strategy.” Futures 43 (3): 243–251. doi: 10.1016/j.futures.2010.11.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glass, J. 2004. “Blessing or Curse? Work-Family Policies and Mother’s Wage Growth Over Time.” Work and Occupations 31 (3): 367–394. doi: 10.1177/0730888404266364
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higher Education Statistics Agency. 2014. “Table 13: HE Qualifications Obtained by Sex, Subject Area, Level of Qualification Obtained and Class of First Degree 2009/2010 to 2013/2014.” Accessed January 9, 2016, http://www.hesa.ac.uk/stats/.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, J. L., and R. Repta. 2012. “Sex and Gender: Beyond the Binaries.” In Desiging and Conducting Gender, Sex and Health Research, edited by J. L. Oliffe and L. Greaves, 17–38. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Kanter, R. M. 1977. Men and Women of the Corporation. 2nd ed. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Karen, A. H. 2002. “Role Congruity Theory of Prejudice Towards Female Leaders.” Psychological Review 109 (3): 573–598. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.109.3.573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna, D. 2013. “We Need More Women in Tech: The Data Prove It.” The Atlantic, October 29, http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/10/we-need-more-women-in-tech-the-data-prove-it/280964/.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, T. 2014. “Apple’s Health App Tracks Almosts Everything … Except Periods.” [Online], Accessed July 2, 2016, http://www.livescience.com/48040-apple-healthkit-lacks-period-tracker.html.
   Google Scholar
• Li, D. B. 2011. “Sex Differences in Cooperation: A Meta-Analytic Review on Social Dilemmas.” Psychological Bulletin 137 (6): 881–909. doi: 10.1037/a0025354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd, D. L. 2010. “Expertise in Your Midst: How Congruence between Status and Speech Style Affcts Reactions to Unique Knowledge.” Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 13 (3): 379–395. doi: 10.1177/1368430209350317
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lunenberg, F. C. 2011. “Expectancy Theory of Motivation: Motivating by Altering Expectations.” Internatioanl Journal of Management, Business and Administration 15 (1): 1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Massari Coelho, G., A. C. Filgueira Galvao, A. C. Guedes, I. A. Carneiro, C. Nehme Chauke, and L. Fellows Filho. 2012. “Strategic Foresight Applied to the Management Plan of an Innovation Development Agency.” Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 24 (3): 267–283. doi: 10.1080/09537325.2012.655412
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Center for Education Statistics. 2014. “Table 283: Degrees Conferred by Degree-Granting Postsecondary Institutions, by Level of Degree and Sex of Student.” Digest of Education Statistics, http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13__318.io.asp.
   Google Scholar
• O’Neil, D. H. 2011. “Do Women’s Networks Help Advance Women’s Careers? Differences in Perceptions of Female Workers and Top Leadership.” Career Development International 16 (7): 733–754. doi: 10.1108/13620431111187317
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, S. Y. 2012. “Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in IT Professionals: An Expectancy Theory Approach.” Management Rsearch Review 25 (12): 1170–1186.
   Google Scholar
• Peck, E. 2015. “The Stats on Women in Tech are Actually Getting Worse.” Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/27/women-in-tech_n_6955940.html.
   Google Scholar
• Perlroth, N., and C. C. Miller. 2012. “The $1.6 Billion Woman, Staying on Message.” Business Day, February 4.
   Google Scholar
• Peter, L. J. 1969. “The Peter Principle: An Explanation of Occupational Incompetence.” Management Review 58 (2): 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, T.-A., and S. Nolen-Hoeksema. 1989. “Sex Differences in Reactions to Evaluative Feedback.” Sex Roles 21: 725–747. doi: 10.1007/BF00289805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohrbeck, R., C. Battistella, and E. Huizingh. 2015. “Corporate Foresight: An Emerging Field with a Rich Tradition.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 101: 1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2015.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohrbeck, R., and H. G. Gemuenden. 2011. “Corporate Foresight: Its Three Roles in Enhancing the Innovation Capacity of a Firm.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 78: 231–243. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2010.06.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruff, F. 2015. “The Advanced Role of Corporate Foresight in Innovation and Strategic Management — Reflections on Practical Experiences From the Automotive Industry.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 101: 37–48. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2014.07.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandberg, S. 2015. Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead. London: WH Allen.
   Google Scholar
• Sarpong, D., and M. Maclean. 2016. “Cultivating Strategic Foresight in Practise: A Relational Perspective.” Journal of Business Research 69: 2812–2820. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.12.050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schippers, M. 2007. “Recovering the Feminine Other: Masculinity, Femininity and Gender Hegemony.” Theory and Society 36 (1): 85–102. doi: 10.1007/s11186-007-9022-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shields, S. A. 2013. “Gender and Emotion: What we Think we Know, What we Need to Know and Why it Matters.” Psychology of Women Quarterly 37 (4): 423–435. doi: 10.1177/0361684313502312
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siann, G. 1994. Gender, Sex and Sexuality: Contemporary Psychological Perspectives. Oxon: Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• STEM Careers. 2015. “Why STEM careers, Rolls-Royce.” http://www.wherestemcantakeyou.co.uk/docs/Why_STEM_Careers.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, A., and J. Corbin. 1990. Basics of Qualitative Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Torchia, M. C. 2011. “Women Directors on Corporate Boards: From Tokenism to Critical Mass.” Journal of Business Ethics, 102, 299–317. doi: 10.1007/s10551-011-0815-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Duin, P. A., and E. den Hartigh. 2009. “Keeping the Balance: Exploring the Link of Futures Research with Innovation and Strategy Processes.” Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 21 (3): 333–351. doi: 10.1080/09537320902750673
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vecchiato, R., and C. Roveda. 2010. “Strategic Foresight in Corporate Organizations: Handling the Effect and Response Uncertainty of Technology and Social Drivers of Change.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 77: 1527–1539. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2009.12.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von der Gracht, H. A., C. R. Vennemann, and I. Darkow. 2010. “Corporate Foresight and Innovation Management: A Portfolio-Approach in Evaluating Organizational Development.” Futures 42 (4): 380–393. doi: 10.1016/j.futures.2009.11.023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vroom, V. H. 1964. Work and Motivation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, A.-C. 2013. “Gender Makes the Difference: The Moderating Role of Leader Gender on the Relationship between Leadership Styles and Subordinate Performance.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 122: 101–113. doi: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.06.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wise Campaign. 2015. “Women in the UK STEM Workforce.” Accessed September 7, 2015, https://www.wisecampaign.org.uk/resources/2015/09/women-in-the-stem-workforce
   Google Scholar