Fear appeals and treatment side-effects: An effective combination for HIV prevention?

References

• Blumberg , S.J. 2000 . Guarding against threatening HIV prevention messages: An information-processing model . Health Education & Behavior , 27 : 780 – 795 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyatzis , R.E. 1998 . Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development , Thousand Oaks : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Dahl , D.W. , Frankenberger , K.D. and Manchanda , R.V. 2003 . Does it pay to shock? Reactions to shocking and non-shocking advertising content among university students . Journal of Advertising Research , 43 : 268 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ditto , P.H. and Lopez , D.F. 1992 . Motivated scepticism: Use of differential decision criteria for preferred and non-preferred conclusions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 63 : 569 – 584 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings , G. , Stead , M. and Webb , J. 2004 . Fear appeals in social marketing: Strategic and ethical reasons for concern . Psychology and Marketing , 21 : 961 – 986 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hovland , C.I. , Janis , I.L. and Kelley , H.H. 1953 . Communication and persuasion: Psychological studies of opinion change , New Haven , CT : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jemmot , J.B. , Ditto , P.H. and Croyle , R.T. 1986 . Judging health status: Effects of perceived prevalence and personal relevance . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 50 : 899 – 905 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller , P. 1999 . Converting the unconverted: The effect of inclination and opportunity to discount health-related fear appeals . Journal of Applied Psychology , 84 : 403 – 415 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruglanski , A.W. and Webster , D.A. 1996 . Motivated closing of the mind: ‘Seizing’ and ‘freezing’ . Psychological Review , 103 : 263 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunda , Z. 1990 . The case for motivated reasoning . Psychological Bulletin , 108 : 480 – 498 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levanthal , H. and Watts , J.C. 1966 . Sources of resistance to fear-arousing communications on smoking and lung cancer . Journal of Personality , 34 : 155 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberman , A. and Chaiken , S. 1992 . Defensive processing of personally relevant health messages . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 18 : 669 – 679 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lord , C.G. , Ross , L. and Lepper , M.R. 1979 . Biased assimilation and attitude polarization: The effects of prior theories on subsequently considered evidence . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 37 : 2098 – 2109 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCHECR [National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research] (2005) . HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia: Annual Surveillance Report 2005 . University of New South Wales , Sydney .
   Google Scholar
• Pyszczynski , T. and Greenberg , J. 1987 . “ Towards an integration of cognitive and motivational perspectives on social inference: A biased hypothesis-testing model ” . In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L. Vol. 20 , 297 – 340 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pyszczynski , T. , Greenberg , J. and Holt , K. 1985 . Maintaining consistency between self-serving beliefs and available data: A bias in information evaluation . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 11 : 179 – 190 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigby , K. , Brown , M. , Anagnostou , P. , Ross , M.W. and Rosser , B.S. 1989 . Shock tactics to counter AIDS: The Australian experience . Psychology & Health , 3 : 145 – 159 .
   Google Scholar
• Rogers , R.W. 1983 . “ Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: A revised theory of protection motivation ” . In Social Psychophysiology , Edited by: Cacioppo , J. and Petty , R. New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ross , M. , Rigby , K. , Rosser , B.R.S. , Anagnostou , P. and Brown , M. 1990 . The effect of a national campaign on attitudes towards AIDS . AIDS Care , 2 : 339 – 346 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruiter , R.A.C. , Abraham , C. and Kok , G. 2001 . Scary warnings and rational precautions: A review of the psychology of fear appeals . Psychology & Health , 16 : 613 – 630 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherr , L. 1990 . Fear arousal and AIDS: Do shock tactics work? . AIDS , 4 : 361 – 364 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soames Job , R.F. 1988 . Effective and ineffective use of fear in health promotion campaigns . American Journal of Public Health , 78 : 163 – 167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar