Delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-discordant couples in Kenya

References

• Anglemyer , A. , Rutherford , G.W. , Egger , M. , & Siegfried , N. 2011 . Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of HIV transmission in HIV-discordant couples . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Online) , 5 , CD009153 . doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Attia , S. , Egger , M. , Muller , M. , Zwahlen , M. , & Low , N. 2009 . Sexual transmission of HIV according to viral load and antiretroviral therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis . AIDS (London, England) , 23 ( 11 ), 1397 – 1404 . doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832b7dca
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunnell , R.E. , Nassozi , J. , Marum , E. , Mubangizi , J. , Malamba , S. , Dillon , B. , Mermin , J.H. 2005 . Living with discordance: Knowledge, challenges, and prevention strategies of HIV-discordant couples in Uganda . AIDS Care , 17 ( 8 ), 999 – 1012 . doi: 10.1080/09540120500100718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. 1960 . A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 20 : 37 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , M.S. , Chen , Y.Q. , McCauley , M. , Gamble , T. , Hosseinipour , M.C. , Kumarasamy , N. , HPTN 052 Study Team . 2011 . Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy . The New England Journal of Medicine , 365 ( 6 ), 493 – 505 . doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corbin , J. and Strauss , A. 2008 . Basics of qualitative research , Los Angeles , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Donnell , D. , Baeten , J.M. , Kiarie , J. , Thomas , K.K. , Stevens , W. , Cohen , C.R. , Partners in prevention HSV/HIV transmission study team . 2010 . Heterosexual HIV-1 transmission after initiation of antiretroviral therapy: A prospective cohort analysis . Lancet , 375 ( 9731 ), 2092 – 2098 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60705-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duff , P. , Kipp , W. , Wild , T.C. , Rubaale , T. , & Okech-Ojony , J. 2010 . Barriers to accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy by HIV-positive women attending an antenatal clinic in a regional hospital in western Uganda . Journal of the International AIDS Society , 13 , 37 . doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant , E. , Logie , D. , Masura , M. , Gorman , D. , & Murray , S.A. 2008 . Factors facilitating and challenging access and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in a township in the Zambian Copperbelt: A qualitative study . AIDS Care , 20 ( 10 ), 1155 – 1160 . doi: 10.1080/09540120701854634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holloway , I. 1997 . Basic concepts for qualitative research , 47 Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Jaffar , S. , Amuron , B. , Foster , S. , Birungi , J. , Levin , J. , Namara , G. , Jinja Trial Team . 2009 . Rates of virological failure in patients treated in a home-based versus a facility-based HIV-care model in Jinja, southeast Uganda: A cluster-randomised equivalence trial . Lancet , 374 ( 9707 ), 2080 – 2089 . doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61674-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lingappa , J.R. , Hughes , J.P. , Wang , R.S. , Baeten , J.M. , Celum , C. , Gray , G.E. , Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team . 2010 . Estimating the impact of plasma HIV-1 RNA reductions on heterosexual HIV-1 transmission risk . PloS One , 5 ( 9 ), e12598 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012598
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lingappa , J.R. , Lambdin , B. , Bukusi , E.A. , Ngure , K. , Kavuma , L. , Inambao , M. , Partners in prevention HSV-2/HIV transmission study group . 2008 . Regional differences in prevalence of HIV-1 discordance in Africa and enrollment of HIV-1 discordant couples into an HIV-1 prevention trial . PloS One , 3 ( 1 ), e1411 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell , S.K. , Kelly , K.J. , Potgieter , F.E. , & Moon , M.W. 2009 . Assessing social preparedness for antiretroviral therapy in a generalized AIDS epidemic: A diffusion of innovations approach . AIDS and Behavior , 13 ( 1 ), 76 – 84 . doi: 10.1007/s10461-007-9293-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mshana , G.H. , Wamoyi , J. , Busza , J. , Zaba , B. , Changalucha , J. , Kaluvya , S. , & Urassa , M. 2006 . Barriers to accessing antiretroviral therapy in Kisesa, Tanzania: A qualitative study of early rural referrals to the national program . AIDS Patient Care and STDs , 20 ( 9 ), 649 – 657 . doi: 10.1089/apc.2006.20.649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muhamadi , L. , Xavier , N. , Mbona , T.N. , Wabwire-Mangen , F. , Anna-Mia , E. , Stefan , P. , & George , P. 2010 . Inadequate pre-antiretroviral care, stock-out of antiretroviral drugs and stigma: Policy challenges/bottlenecks to the new WHO recommendations for earlier initiation of antiretroviral therapy (CD<350 cells/muL) in eastern Uganda . Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) , 97 ( 2–3 ), 187 – 194 . doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2010.06.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray , L.K. , Semrau , K. , McCurley , E. , Thea , D.M. , Scott , N. , Mwiya , M. , Bolton , P. 2009 . Barriers to acceptance and adherence of antiretroviral therapy in urban Zambian women: A qualitative study . AIDS Care , 21 ( 1 ), 78 – 86 . doi: 10.1080/09540120802032643
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osinde , M.O. , Kaye , D.K. , & Kakaire , O. 2011 . Intimate partner violence among women with HIV infection in rural Uganda: Critical implications for policy and practice . BMC Women's Health , 11 , doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-11-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao , D. , Choi , S.W. , Victorson , D. , Bode , R. , Peterman , A. , Heinemann , A. , & Cella , D. 2009 . Measuring stigma across neurological conditions: The development of the stigma scale for chronic illness (SSCI) . Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation , 18 ( 5 ), 585 – 595 . doi: 10.1007/s11136-009-9475-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds , S.J. , Makumbi , F. , Nakigozi , G. , Kagaayi , J. , Gray , R.H. , Wawer , M. , Serwadda , D. 2011 . HIV-1 transmission among HIV-1 discordant couples before and after the introduction of antiretroviral therapy . AIDS (London, England) , 25 ( 4 ), 473 – 477 . doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283437c2b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schatzman , L. 1991 . Dimensional analysis: Notes on an alternative approach to the grounding of theory in qualitative research . In D.R. Maines , Social organizations and social process: Essays in honor of Anselm Strauss (pp. 303 – 314 ). New York : Aldine de Gruyter .
   Google Scholar
• Tuller , D.M. , Bangsberg , D.R. , Senkungu , J. , Ware , N.C. , Emenyonu , N. , & Weiser , S.D. 2010 . Transportation costs impede sustained adherence and access to HAART in a clinic population in southwestern Uganda: A qualitative study . AIDS and Behavior , 14 ( 4 ), 778 – 784 . doi: 10.1007/s10461-009-9533-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unge , C. , Johansson , A. , Zachariah , R. , Some , D. , Van Engelgem , I. , & Ekstrom , A.M. 2008 . Reasons for unsatisfactory acceptance of antiretroviral treatment in the urban Kibera slum, Kenya . AIDS Care , 20 ( 2 ), 146 – 149 . doi: 10.1080/09540120701513677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO , UNICEF , UNAIDS . 2011 . Global HIV/AIDS response: Epidemic update and health sector progress towards universal access (Progress Report 2011) . Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/progress_report2011/en/index.html
   Google Scholar