The challenge of referring HIV-positive pregnant women with treatment indication from PMTCT to ART services: a retrospective follow-up study in Mbeya, Tanzania

References

• Ahoua, L., Ayikoru, H., Gnauck, K., Odaru, G., Odar, E., Ondoa-Onama, C., … Pujades-Rodríguez, M. (2010). Evaluation of a 5-year programme to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection in Northern Uganda. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 56(1), 43–52. 10.1093/tropej/fmp054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becquet, R., Ekouevi, D. K., Arrivé, E., Stringer, J. S. A., Meda, N., Chaix, M. L., … Dabis, F. (2009). Universal antiretroviral therapy for pregnant and breast-feeding HIV-1–infected women: Towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in resource-limited settings. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 49, 1936–1945. 10.1086/648446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charurat, M., Datong, P., Matawal, B., Ajene, A., Blattner, W., & Abimiku, A. (2009). Timing and determinants of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Nigeria. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 106(1), 8–13. 10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.02.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, J. Y., Ogwu, A. C., Svab, P., Lockman, S., Moffat, H. J., Gaolathe, T., … Shapiro, R. L. (2010). Antiretroviral treatment initiation among HIV-infected pregnant women with low CD4+ cell counts in Gaborone, Botswana. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 54, 102–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chibwesha, C. J., Giganti, M. J., Putta, N., Chintu, N., Mulindwa, J., Dorton, B. J., … Stringer, E. M. (2011). Optimal time on HAART for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 58, 224–228. 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318229147e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deribe, K., Woldemichael, K., Wondafrash, M., Haile, A., & Amberbir, A. (2008). Disclosure experience and associated factors among HIV positive men and women clinical service users in southwest Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 8(1), 81. 10.1186/1471-2458-8-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duff, P., Kipp, W., Wild, T. C., Rubaale, T., & Okech-Ojony, J. (2010). Barriers to accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy by HIV-positive women attending an antenatal clinic in a regional hospital in western Uganda. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 13, 37. 10.1186/1758-2652-13-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson, L., Lewis, J., Grant, A. D., Watson-Jones, D., Vusha, S., Ong'ech, J. O., & Ross, D. A. (2012a). Patient attrition between diagnosis with HIV in pregnancy-related services and long-term HIV care and treatment services in Kenya: A retrospective study. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 60(3), e90–e97. 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318253258a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson, L., Grant, A. D., Watson-Jones, D., Kahawita, T., Ong'ech, J. O., & Ross, D. A. (2012b). Linking women who test HIV-positive in pregnancy-related services to long-term HIV care and treatment services: A systematic review. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 17(5), 564–580. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.02958.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginsburg, A. S., Hoblitzelle, C. W., Sripipatana, T. L., & Wilfert, C. M. (2007). Provision of care following prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services in resource-limited settings. AIDS, 21, 2529–2532. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282f155f4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harms, G., Kunz, A., & Theuring, S. (2007). Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. German HIV Practice Collection. Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Retrieved from http://hiv.prg.googlepages.com/home.
   Google Scholar
• Killam, W. P., Tambatamba, B. C., Chintu, N., Rouse, D., Stringer, E., Bweupe, M., … Stringer, J. S. A. (2010). Antiretroviral therapy in antenatal care to increase treatment initiation in HIV-infected pregnant women: A stepped-wedge evaluation. AIDS, 24(1), 85–91. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833298be
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kranzer, K., Zeinecker, J., Ginsberg, P., Orrell, C., Kalawe, N. N., Lawn, S. D., … Wood, R. (2010). Linkage to HIV care and antiretroviral therapy in Cape Town, South Africa. PLoS One, 5(11), e13801. 10.1371/journal.pone.0013801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn, L., Aldrovandi, G., Sinkala, M., Kankasa, C., Mwiya, M., & Thea, D. M. (2010). Potential impact of new WHO criteria for antiretroviral treatment for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission. AIDS, 24, 1374–1377. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833e163e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandala, J., Torpey, K., Kasonde, P., Kabaso, M., Dirks, R., Suzuki, C., … Mukadi, Y. D. (2009). Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Zambia: Implementing efficacious ARV regimens in primary health centers. BMC Public Health, 9, 314. 10.1186/1471-2458-9-314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muchedzi, A., Chandisarewa, W., Keatinge, J., Stranix-Chibanda, L., Woelk, G., Mbizvo, E., & Shetty, A. K. (2010). Factors associated with access to HIV care and treatment in a prevention of mother to child transmission programme in urban Zimbabwe. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 13(1), 38. 10.1186/1758-2652-13-38
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Myer, L. (2011). Initiating antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy: The importance of timing. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 58(2), 125–126. 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31822ad573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myer, L., Zulliger, R., Black, S., Pienaar, D., & Bekker, L.-G. (2012). Pilot programme for the rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy in Cape Town, South Africa. AIDS Care, 24(8), 986–992. 10.1080/09540121.2012.668173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newell, M. L., Dunn, D. T., Peckham, C. S., Semprini, A. E., & Pardi, G. (1996).Vertical transmission of HIV-1: Maternal immune status and obstetric factors. The European Collaborative Study. AIDS, 10(14), 1675–1681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nlend, A., Ekobo, C., Moyo, S., Nguetcheng, G. C., Ngang, P., Lyeb, S., … Baane, M. (2011). Virological profile of pregnant HIV positive women with high levels of CD4 count in low income settings: Can viral load help as eligibility criteria for maternal triple ARV prophylaxis (WHO 2010 option B)? Pan African Medical Journal, 10, 27. 10.4314/pamj.v10i0.72239
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Otieno, P. A., Kohler, P. K., Bosire, R. K., Brown, E. R., Macharia, S. W., & John-Stewart, G. C. (2010). Determinants of failure to access care in mothers referred to HIV treatment programs in Nairobi, Kenya. AIDS Care, 22, 729–736. 10.1080/09540120903373565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stinson, K., Boulle, A., Coetzee, D., Abrams, E. J., & Myer, L. (2010). Initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 15, 825–832. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02538.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thea, D. M., Steketee, R. W., Pliner, V., Bornschlegel, K., Brown, T., Orloff, S., … Kalish, M. L. (1997) The effect of maternal viral load on the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV-1. New York City Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study Group. AIDS, 11(4), 437–444. 10.1097/00002030-199704000-00006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonwe-Gold, B., Ekouevilm D. K., Bossem C. A., Toure, S., Kone, M., Becquet, R., … Abrams, E. J. (2009). Implementing family-focused HIV care and treatment: The first 2 years' experience of the mother-to-child transmission –plus program in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 14(2), 204–212. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02182.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2004). United Republic of Tanzania: Epidemiological fact sheets on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections. Retrieved from http://data.unaids.org/publications/FactSheets01/tanzania_en.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• UNICEF. (2010). Countdown to zero: Elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive. Factsheet on PMTCT in Tanzania. Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/aids/files/hiv_pmtctfactsheetTanzania.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Van der Merwe, K., Hoffman, R., Black, V., Chersich, M., Coovadia, A., & Rees, H. (2011). Birth outcomes in South African women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: A retrospective observational study. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 14, 42. 10.1186/1758-2652-14-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weigel, R., Hosseinipour, M. C., Feldacker, C., Gareta, D., Tweya, H., Chiwoko, J., … Phiri, S. (2012). Ensuring HIV –infected pregnant women start antiretroviral treatment: An operational cohort study from Lilongwe, Malawi. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 17, 751–759. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.02980.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. (2009). Key messages. New recommendations: Preventing mother-to-child transmission. The World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/mtct/mtct_key_mess.pdf
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2010a). Towards universal access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector. Progress Report 2010. The World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/2010progressreport/ch5_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2010b). Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infections in infants. Recommendations for a public health approach. 2010 version. The World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 159981 8.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2012). Use of antiretroviral drug for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants. Executive Summary, April 2012. The World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/PMTCT_update.pdf
   Google Scholar