Assessment of HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence by measuring drug concentrations in hair among children in rural Uganda

References

• Ahoua, L., Guenther, G., Rouzioux, C., Pinoges, L., Anguzu, P., Taburet, A. M., … Pujades-Rodriguez, M. (2011). Immunovirological response to combined antiretroviral therapy and drug resistance patterns in children: 1- and 2-year outcomes in rural Uganda. BMC Pediatrics, 11(1), 67. doi:10.1097/00002030-200009290-00008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amico, K. R., Fisher, W. A., Cornman, D. H., Shuper, P. A., Redding, C. G., Konkle-Parker, D. J., … Fisher, J. D. (2006). Visual analog scale of ART adherence: Association with 3-day self-report and adherence barriers. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 42, 455–459. doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000225020.73760.c2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amzel, A., Toska, E., Lovich, R., Widyono, M., Patel, T., Foti, C., … Child Survival Working Group of the Interagency Task Team on the Prevention and Treatment of HIV-infection in Pregnant Women, Mothers and Children (2013). Promoting a combination approach to paediatric HIV psychosocial support. AIDS, 27(27), S147–S157. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000098
   Google Scholar
• Barro, M., Some, J., Foulongne, V., Diasso, Y., Zoure, E., Hien, H., … Msellati, P. (2011). Short-term virological efficacy, immune reconstitution, tolerance, and adherence of once-daily dosing of didanosine, lamivudine, and efavirenz in HIV-1-infected African children: ANRS 12103 Burkiname. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 57(1), S44–S49. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31821fd64f
   Google Scholar
• Bartelink, I. H., Savic, R. M., Mwesigwa, J., Achan, J., Clark, T., Plenty, A., … Aweeka, F. (2013). Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz in food insecure HIV-infected pregnant and breastfeeding women in tororo, uganda. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 54(2), 121–132. doi:10.1002/jcph.167
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barth, R. E., Tempelman, H. A., Smelt, E., Wensing, A. M., Hoepelman, A. I., & Geelen, S. P. (2011). Long-term outcome of children receiving antiretroviral treatment in rural South Africa: Substantial virologic failure on first-line treatment. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 30(1), 52–56. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ed2af3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxi, S. M. (2014). Measuring intermittent and daily PrEP adherence by hair levels, self-report and MEMS caps openings (poster P-V4). Boston, MA: CROI.
   Google Scholar
• Berg, K. M., & Arnsten, J. H. (2006). Practical and conceptual challenges in measuring antiretroviral adherence. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 43(1), S79–S87. doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000248337.97814.66
   Google Scholar
• Bernard, L., Peytavin, G., Vuagnat, A., de Truchis, P., & Perronne, C. (1998). Indinavir concentrations in hair from patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Lancet, 352, 1757–1758. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)79831-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernard, L., Vuagnat, A., Peytavin, G., Hallouin, M. C., Bouhour, D., Nguyen, T. H., … Perronne, C. (2002). Relationship between levels of indinavir in hair and virologic response to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Annals of Internal Medicine, 137, 656–659. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-137-8-200210150-00009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beumer, J. H., Bosman, I. J., & Maes, R. A. (2001). Hair as a biological specimen for therapeutic drug monitoring. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 55, 353–357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattacharya, M., & Dubey, A. P. (2011). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its correlates among HIV-infected children at an HIV clinic in New Delhi. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 31, 331–337. doi:10.1179/1465328111Y.0000000031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biressaw, S., Abegaz, W. E., Abebe, M., Taye, W. A., & Belay, M. (2013). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among HIV infected children in Ethiopia: Unannounced home-based pill count versus caregivers’ report. BMC Pediatrics, 13, 132. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-13-132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramer, J. A., Scheyer, R. D., & Mattson, R. H. (1990). Compliance declines between clinic visits. Archives of Internal Medicine, 150, 1509–1510. doi:10.1001/archinte.1990.00390190143023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dehority, W., Deville, J. G., Lujan-Zilbermann, J., Spector, S. A., & Viani, R. M. (2013). Effect of HIV genotypic drug resistance testing on the management and clinical course of HIV-infected children and adolescents. International Journal of STD and AIDS, 24, 549–553. doi:10.1177/0956462412473958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duval, X., Peytavin, G., Breton, G., Ecobichon, J.-L., Descamps, D., Thabut, G., & Leport, C. (2007). Hair versus plasma concentrations as indicator of indinavir exposure in HIV-1-infected patients treated with indinavir/ritonavir combination. AIDS, 21, 106–108. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e3280118486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farley, J. J., Montepiedra, G., Storm, D., Sirois, P. A., Malee, K., Garvie, P., … Team, P. P. (2008). Assessment of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in perinatally HIV-infected children and youth using self-report measures and pill count. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 29, 377–384. doi:10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181856d22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi, M., Ameli, N., Bacchetti, P., Anastos, K., Gange, S. J., Minkoff, H., … Greenblatt, R. M. (2011). Atazanavir concentration in hair is the strongest predictor of outcomes on antiretroviral therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 52, 1267–1275. doi:10.1093/cid/cir131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi, M., Ameli, N., Bacchetti, P., Gange, S. J., Anastos, K., Levine, A., … Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). (2009). Protease inhibitor levels in hair strongly predict virologic response to treatment. AIDS, 23, 471–478. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e328325a4a9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi, M., Mwesigwa, J., Aweeka, F., Plenty, A., Charlebois, E., Ruel, T. D., … Prevention of Malaria and HIV Disease in Tororo (PROMOTE) Study. (2013). Hair and plasma data show that lopinavir, ritonavir, and efavirenz all transfer from mother to infant in utero, but only efavirenz transfers via breastfeeding. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 63, 578–584. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31829c48ad
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi, M., Yang, Q., Bacchetti, P., & Huang, Y. (2014). Short communication: A low-cost method for analyzing nevirapine levels in hair as a marker of adherence in resource-limited settings. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 30(1), 25–28. doi:10.1089/AID.2013.0239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haberer, J. E., Cook, A., Walker, A. S., Ngambi, M., Ferrier, A., Mulenga, V., … Bangsberg, D. R. (2011). Excellent adherence to antiretrovirals in HIV+ Zambian children is compromised by disrupted routine, HIV nondisclosure, and paradoxical income effects. PLoS One, 6(4), e18505. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haberer, J. E., Kahane, J., Kigozi, I., Emenyonu, N., Hunt, P., Martin, J., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2010). Real-time adherence monitoring for HIV antiretroviral therapy. AIDS and Behavior, 14, 1340–1346. doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9799-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haberer, J. E., Kiwanuka, J., Nansera, D., Ragland, K., Mellins, C., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2012). Multiple measures reveal antiretroviral adherence successes and challenges in HIV-infected Ugandan children. PLoS One, 7(5), e36737. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haberer, J. E., Kiwanuka, J., Nansera, D., Wilson, I. B., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2010). Challenges in using mobile phones for collection of antiretroviral therapy adherence data in a resource-limited setting. AIDS and Behavior, 14, 1294–1301. doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9720-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hickey, M. D., Salmen, C. R., Tessler, R. A., Omollo, D., Bacchetti, P., Magerenge, R., … Gandhi, M. (2014). Antiretroviral concentrations in small hair samples as a feasible marker of adherence in rural Kenya. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, Y., Gandhi, M., Greenblatt, R. M., Gee, W., Lin, E. T., & Messenkoff, N. (2008). Sensitive analysis of anti-HIV drugs, efavirenz, lopinavir and ritonavir, in human hair by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 22, 3401–3409. doi:10.1002/rcm.3750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, Y., Yang, Q., Yoon, K., Lei, Y., Shi, R., Gee, W., … Gandhi, M. (2011). Microanalysis of the antiretroviral nevirapine in human hair from HIV-infected patients by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 401, 1923–1933. doi:10.1007/s00216-011-5278-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kagee, A., & Nel, A. (2012). Assessing the association between self-report items for HIV pill adherence and biological measures. AIDS Care, 24, 1448–1452. doi:10.1080/09540121.2012.687816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawichai, S., Celentano, D., Srithanaviboonchai, K., Wichajarn, M., Pancharoen, K., Chariyalertsak, C., … Project Accept Study, T. (2012). NIMH project accept (HPTN 043) HIV/AIDS community mobilization (CM) to promote mobile HIV voluntary counseling and testing (MVCT) in rural communities in Northern Thailand: Modifications by experience. AIDS and Behavior, 16, 1227–1237. doi:10.1007/s10461-011-0099-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, S., Elliott-DeSorbo, D. K., Calabrese, S., Wolters, P. L., Roby, G., Brennan, T., & Wood, L. V. (2009). A comparison of adherence assessment methods utilized in the United States: Perspectives of researchers, HIV-infected children, and their caregivers. AIDS Patient Care STDS, 23, 593–601. doi:10.1089/apc.2009.0021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mghamba, F. W., Minzi, O. M., Massawe, A., & Sasi, P. (2013). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected children measured by caretaker report, medication return, and drug level in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Pediatrics, 13, 95. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-13-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naar-King, S., Frey, M., Harris, M., & Arfken, C. (2005). Measuring adherence to treatment of paediatric HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care, 17, 345–349. doi:10.1080/09540120412331299753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nettles, R. E., Kieffer, T. L., Parsons, T., Johnson, J., Cofrancesco, J., Jr., Gallant, J. E., … Flexner, C. (2006). Marked intraindividual variability in antiretroviral concentrations may limit the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 42, 1189–1196. doi:10.1086/501458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orrell, C., Levison, J., Ciaranello, A., Bekker, L. G., Kuritzkes, D. R., Freedberg, K. A., & Wood, R. (2013). Resistance in pediatric patients experiencing virologic failure with first-line and second-line antiretroviral therapy. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 32, 644–647. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3182829092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsadecki, T. J., Vrijens, B. C., Tousset, E. P., Rode, R. A., & Hanna, G. J. (2008). “White coat compliance” limits the reliability of therapeutic drug monitoring in HIV-1-infected patients. HIV Clin Trials, 9, 238–246. doi:10.1310/hct0904-238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prasitsuebsai, W., Kerr, S. J., Khanh, T. H., Ananworanich, J., Viet D. C., Van, L. N., … Sohn, A. H. (2013). Lopinavir hair concentrations predict virological failure among Asian children. 5th International Workshop on HIV Pediatrics, Kuala Lumpur.
   Google Scholar
• Servais, J., Peytavin, G., Arendt, V., Staub, T., Schneider, F., Hemmer, R., … Schmit, J. C. (2001). Indinavir hair concentration in highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated patients: Association with viral load and drug resistance. AIDS, 15, 941–943. doi:10.1097/00002030-200105040-00019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simoni, J. M., Kurth, A. E., Pearson, C. R., Pantalone, D. W., Merrill, J. O., & Frick, P. A. (2006). Self-report measures of antiretroviral therapy adherence: A review with recommendations for HIV research and clinical management. AIDS and Behavior, 10, 227–245. doi:10.1007/s10461-006-9078-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedrow, V. A., Zelaya, C. E., Kennedy, C. E., Morin, S. F., Khumalo-Sakutukwa, G., Sweat, M. D., & Celentano, D. D. (2012). No “magic bullet”: Exploring community mobilization strategies used in a multi-site community based randomized controlled trial: Project Accept (HPTN 043). AIDS and Behavior, 16, 1217–1226. doi:10.1007/s10461-011-0009-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ter Heine, R., Beijnen, J. H., & Huitema, A. D. (2009). Bioanalytical issues in patient-friendly sampling methods for therapeutic drug monitoring: Focus on antiretroviral drugs. Bioanalysis, 1, 1329–1338. doi:10.4155/bio.09.124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usitalo, A., Leister, E., Tassiopoulos, K., Allison, S., Malee, K., Paul, M. E., … Mellins, C. A. (2014). Relationship between viral load and self-report measures of medication adherence among youth with perinatal HIV infection. AIDS Care, 26(1), 107–115. doi:10.1080/09540121.2013.802280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Zyl, G. U., van Mens, T. E., McIlleron, H., Zeier, M., Nachega, J. B., Decloedt, E., … Maartens, G. (2011). Low lopinavir plasma or hair concentrations explain second-line protease inhibitor failures in a resource-limited setting. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 56, 333–339. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31820dc0cc
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vreeman, R. C., Wiehe, S. E., Pearce, E. C., & Nyandiko, W. M. (2008). A systematic review of pediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 27, 686–691. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31816dd325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wertheimer, B. Z., Freedberg, K. A., Walensky, R. P., Yazdanapah, Y., & Losina, E. (2006). Therapeutic drug monitoring in HIV treatment: A literature review. HIV Clinical Trials, 7(2), 59–69. doi:10.1310/4CCJ-KT1T-H6PV-NLFC
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. (2010). Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in infants and children: Towards universal access. Geneva: Author, 206 p.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2013). Global update on HIV treatment 2013: Results, impact and opportunities. Geneva: Author
   Google Scholar