Extent of disclosure: what perinatally HIV-infected children have been told about their own HIV status

References

• Abebe, W., & Teferra, S. (2012). Disclosure of diagnosis by parents and caregivers to children infected with HIV: Prevalence associated factors and perceived barriers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. AIDS Care, 24(9), 1097–1102. doi:10.1080/09540121.2012.656565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics: Committee on Pediatric AIDS. (1999). Disclosure of illness status to children and adolescents with HIV infection. Pediatrics, 103(1), 164–166. doi: 10.1542/peds.103.1.164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atwiine, B., Kiwanuka, J., Musinguzi, N., Atwine, D., & Haberer, J. E. (2015). Understanding the role of age in HIV disclosure rates and patterns for HIV-infected children in southwestern Uganda. AIDS Care, 27(4), 424–430. doi:10.1080/09540121.2014.978735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blasini, I., Chantry, C., Cruz, C., Ortiz, L., Salabarria, I., Scalley, N.,  …  Diaz, C. (2004). Disclosure model for pediatric patients living with HIV in Puerto Rico: Design, implementation, and evaluation. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 25(3), 181–189. doi: 10.1097/00004703-200406000-00007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, B. J., Oladokun, R. E., Osinusi, K., Ochigbo, S., Adewole, I. F., & Kanki, P. (2011). Disclosure of HIV status to infected children in a Nigerian HIV care programme. AIDS Care, 23(9), 1053–1058. doi:10.1080/09540121.2011.554523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coovadia, A., Abrams, E. J., Stehlau, R., Meyers, T., Martens, L., Sherman, G.,  …  Kuhn, L. (2010). Reuse of nevirapine in exposed HIV-infected children after protease inhibitor-based viral suppression: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 304(10), 1082–1090. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coovadia, A., Abrams, E. J., Strehlau, R., Shiau, S., Pinillos, F., Martens, L.,  …  Kuhn, L. (2015). Efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy among nevirapine-exposed HIV-infected children in South Africa: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 314(17), 1808–1817. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.13631
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cotton, M. F., Violari, A., Otwombe, K., Panchia, R., Dobbels, E., Rabie, H.,  …  Team, C. S. (2013). Early time-limited antiretroviral therapy versus deferred therapy in South African infants infected with HIV: Results from the children with HIV early antiretroviral (CHER) randomised trial. Lancet, 382(9904), 1555–1563. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61409-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funck-Brentano, I., Costagliola, D., Seibel, N., Straub, E., Tardieu, M., & Blanche, S. (1997). Patterns of disclosure and perceptions of the human immunodeficiency virus in infected elementary school-age children. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 151(10), 978–985. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170470012002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John-Stewart, G. C., Wariua, G., Beima-Sofie, K. M., Richardson, B. A., Farquhar, C., Maleche-Obimbo, E.,  …  Wamalwa, D. (2013). Prevalence, perceptions, and correlates of pediatric HIV disclosure in an HIV treatment program in Kenya. AIDS Care, 25(9), 1067–1076. doi:10.1080/09540121.2012.749333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallem, S., Renner, L., Ghebremichael, M., & Paintsil, E. (2011). Prevalence and pattern of disclosure of HIV status in HIV-infected children in Ghana. AIDS and Behavior, 15(6), 1121–1127. doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9741-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiwanuka, J., Mulogo, E., & Haberer, J. E. (2014). Caregiver perceptions and motivation for disclosing or concealing the diagnosis of HIV infection to children receiving HIV care in Mbarara, Uganda: A qualitative study. PLoS One, 9(3), e93276. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn, L., Coovadia, A., Strehlau, R., Martens, L., Hu, C. C., Meyers, T.,  …  Abrams, E. J. (2012). Switching children previously exposed to nevirapine to nevirapine-based treatment after initial suppression with a protease-inhibitor-based regimen: Long-term follow-up of a randomised, open-label trial. Lancet Infectious Diseases, 12(7), 521–530. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70051-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenz, R., Grant, E., Muyindike, W., Maling, S., Card, C., Henry, C., … Nazarali, A. J. (2016). Caregivers’ attitudes towards HIV testing and disclosure of HIV status to at-risk children in rural Uganda. PLoS ONE, 11(2), e0148950. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148950
   Google Scholar
• National Department of Health South Africa. (2015). National consolidated guidelines for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and the management of HIV in children, adolescents and adults. Pretoria: Department of Health.
   Google Scholar
• Oberdorfer, P., Puthanakit, T., Louthrenoo, O., Charnsil, C., Sirisanthana, V., & Sirisanthana, T. (2006). Disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis to HIV-infected children in Thailand. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 42(5), 283–288. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00855.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Malley, G., Beima-Sofie, K., Feris, L., Shepard-Perry, M., Hamunime, N., John-Stewart, G.,  …  Group, M. S. (2015). “If I take my medicine, I will be strong”: evaluation of a pediatric HIV disclosure intervention in Namibia. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 68(1), e1–e7. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinzon-Iregui, M. C., Beck-Sague, C. M., & Malow, R. M. (2013). Disclosure of their HIV status to infected children: A review of the literature. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 59(2), 84–89. doi:10.1093/tropej/fms052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirikum, C., Sophonphan, J., Chuanjaroen, T., Lakonphon, S., Srimuan, A., Chusut, P.,  …  Team, H.-N. S. (2014). HIV disclosure and its effect on treatment outcomes in perinatal HIV-infected Thai children. AIDS Care, 26(9), 1144–1149. doi:10.1080/09540121.2014.894614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadesse, B. T., Foster, B. A., & Berhan, Y. (2015). Cross sectional characterization of factors associated with pediatric HIV status disclosure in Southern Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 10(7), e0132691. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132691
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2016). AIDS by the numbers. Retrieved from http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2016/AIDS-by-the-numbers
   Google Scholar
• Violari, A., Cotton, M. F., Gibb, D. M., Babiker, A. G., Steyn, J., Madhi, S. A.,  …  Team, C. S. (2008). Early antiretroviral therapy and mortality among HIV-infected infants. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(21), 2233–2244. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0800971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vreeman, R. C., Scanlon, M. L., Mwangi, A., Turissini, M., Ayaya, S. O., Tenge, C., & Nyandiko, W. M. (2014). A cross-sectional study of disclosure of HIV status to children and adolescents in western Kenya. PLoS One, 9(1), e86616. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2011). Guideline on HIV disclosure counselling for children up to 12 years of age. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar