Correlates of same-sex behavior disclosure to health care providers among Black MSM in the United States: implications for HIV prevention

References

• Barrera, M. (1980). A method for the assessment of social support networks in community survey research. Connections, 3, 8–13.
   Google Scholar
• Barrera, M., Sandler, I. N., & Ramsay, T. B. (1981). Preliminary development of a scale of social support: Studies of college students. American Journal of Community Psychology, 9(4), 435–447. doi: 10.1007/BF00918174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., & Seeman, T. E. (2000). From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Social Science & Medicine, 51(6), 843–857. doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00065-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein, K., Liu, K., Begier, E., Koblin, B., Karpati, A., & Murrill, C. (2008). Same-sex attraction disclosure to health care providers among New York City men who have sex with men: Implications for HIV testing approaches. Archives of Internal Medicine, 168(13), 1458–1464. doi: 10.1001/archinte.168.13.1458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bica, I., McGovern, B., Dhar, R., Stone, D., McGowan, K., Scheib, R., & Snydman, D. R. (2001). Increasing mortality due to end-stage liver disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 32(3), 492–497. doi: 10.1086/318501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, J. D. P., & Voisin, D. R. (2013). “You’re an open target to be abused”: A qualitative study of stigma and HIV self-disclosure among Black men who have sex with men. American Journal of Public Health, 103(12), 2193–2199. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bush, K., Kivlahan, D. R., McDonell, M. B., Fihn, S. D., & Bradley, K. A. (1998). The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C): An effective brief screening test for problem drinking. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158(16), 1789–1795. doi: 10.1001/archinte.158.16.1789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2003). HIV/STD risks in young men who have sex with men who do not disclose their sexual orientation – six U.S. Cities, 1994–2000. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 52(5), 81–85.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States – 2014: A clinical practice guideline.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 64(3), 1–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). HIV infection risk, prevention, and testing behaviors among men who have sex with men—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 20 U.S. Cities, 2014. HIV Surveillance Special Report.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). HIV prevention pill not reaching most Americans who would benefit – especially people of color. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2018/croi-2018-PrEP-press-release.html
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, C. J. (1999). The boundaries of blackness: AIDS and the breakdown of black politics (1st ed.). Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, M. H., French, A. L., Benning, L., Kovacs, A., Anastos, K., Young, M., … Hessol, N. A. (2002). Causes of death among women with human immunodeficiency virus infection in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. The American Journal of Medicine, 113(2), 91–98. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01169-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, M. S., Chen, Y. Q., McCauley, M., Gamble, T., Hosseinipour, M. C., Kumarasamy, N., … Fleming, T. R. (2011). Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 365, 493–505. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couzens, J., Mahoney, B., & Wilkinson, D. (2017). “It’s just more acceptable to be white or mixed race and gay than Black and gay”: The perceptions and experiences of homophobia in St. Lucia. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(947), 1–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das, M., Chu, P. L., Santos, G., Scheer, S., Vittinghoff, E., McFarland, W., & Colfax, G. N. (2010). Decreases in community viral load are accompanied by reductions in new HIV infections in San Francisco. PLoS One, 5(6), e11068. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawson, D. A., Grant, B. F., Stinson, F. S., & Zhou, Y. (2005). Effectiveness of the derived Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) in screening for alcohol use disorders and risk drinking in the US general population. Alcoholism Clinical & Experimental Research, 29(5), 844–854. doi: 10.1097/01.ALC.0000164374.32229.A2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diaz, R. M., Ayala, G., Bein, E., Henne, J., & Marin, B. V. (2001). The impact of homophobia, poverty and racism on the mental health of Latino gay and bisexual men: Findings from three U.S. cities. American Journal of Public Health, 91(6), 927–932. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.91.6.927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorell, C. G., Sutton, M. Y., Oster, A. M., Hardnett, F., Thomas, P. E., Gaul, Z. J., … Heffelfinger, J. D. (2011). Missed opportunities for HIV testing in health care settings among young African American men who have sex with men: Implications for the HIV epidemic. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 25(11), 657–664. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.0203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durso, L. E., & Meyer, I. H. (2013). Patterns and predictors of disclosure of sexual orientation to healthcare providers among lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 10(1), 35–42. doi: 10.1007/s13178-012-0105-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton, L. A., Driffin, D. D., Kegler, C., Smith, H., Conway-Washington, C., White, D., & Cherry, C. (2015). The role of stigma and medical mistrust in the routine health care engagement of Black men who have sex with men. American Journal of Public Health, 105(2), e75–e82. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felsenstein, D. R. (2018). Enhancing lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender cultural competence in a Midwestern primary care clinic setting. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 34(3), 142–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• German, D., Sifakis, F., Maulsby, C., Towe, V. L., Flynn, C. P., Latkin, C. A., … Holtgrave, D. R. (2011). Persistently high prevalence and unrecognized HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Baltimore: The BESURE study. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 57(1), 77–87. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318211b41e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene, K., Derlega, V. J., Yep, G. A., & Petronio, S. (2003). Privacy and disclosure of HIV in interpersonal relationships: A sourcebook for researchers and practitioners. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Hequembourg, A. L., & Dearing, R. L. (2013). Exploring shame, guilt, and risky substance use among sexual minority men and women. Journal of Homosexuality, 60(4), 615–638. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2013.760365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herek, G. M., Cogan, J. C., Gillis, J. R., & Glunt, E. K. (1997). Correlates of internalized homophobia in a community sample of lesbians and gay men. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, 2, 17–25.
   Google Scholar
• Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (1989). Applied logistic regression. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, C. V., Mimiaga, M. J., Reisner, S. L., Tetu, A. M., Cranston, K., Bertrand, T., … Mayer, K. H. (2009). Health care access and sexually transmitted infection screening frequency among at-risk Massachusetts men who have sex with men. American Journal of Public Health, 99(S1), S187–S192. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.127464
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph, H. A., Belcher, L., O’Donnell, L., Fernandez, M. I., Spikes, P. S., & Flores, S. A. (2014). HIV testing among sexually active Hispanic/Latino MSM in Miami-Dade County and New York City: Opportunities for increasing acceptance and frequency of testing. Health Promotion Practice, 15(6), 867–880. doi: 10.1177/1524839914537493
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kennamer, J. D., Honnold, J., Bradford, J., & Hendricks, M. (2000). Differences in disclosure of sexuality among African American and White gay/bisexual men: Implications for HIV/AIDS prevention. AIDS Education and Prevention, 12(6), 519–531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalili, J., Leung, L. B., & Diamant, A. L. (2015). Finding the perfect doctor: Identifying lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender-competent physicians. American Journal of Public Health, 105(6), 1114–1119. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latkin, C., Yang, C., Tobin, K., Penniman, T., Patterson, J., & Spikes, P. (2011). Differences in the social networks of African American men who have sex with men only and those who have sex with men and women. American Journal of Public Health, 101(10), e18–e23. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300281
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liang, K.-Y., & Zeger, S. L. (1986). Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika, 73(1), 13–22. doi: 10.1093/biomet/73.1.13
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, Y.-C., Turabelidze, G., Lin, M., & Friedberg, Y. (2012). Prevalence and determinants of recent HIV testing among sexually active men who have sex with men in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area, Missouri, 2008. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 39(4), 306–311. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31824018d4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks, G., Crepaz, N., Senterfitt, J. W., & Janssen, R. S. (2005). Meta-analysis of high-risk sexual behavior in persons aware and unaware they are infected with HIV in the United States: Implications for HIV prevention programs. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 39(4), 446–453. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000151079.33935.79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mays, V. M., Cochran, S. D., & Zamudio, A. (2004). HIV prevention research: Are we meeting the needs of African American men who have sex with men? Journal of Black Psychology, 30(1), 78–105. doi: 10.1177/0095798403260265
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meckler, G. D., Elliott, M. N., Kanouse, D. E., Beals, K. P., & Schuster, M. A. (2006). Nondisclosure of sexual orientation to a physician among a sample of gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 160(12), 1248–1254. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.160.12.1248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metheny, N., & Stephenson, R. (2016). Disclosure of sexual orientation and uptake of HIV testing and hepatitis vaccination for rural men who have sex with men. Annals of Family Medicine, 14(2), 155–158. doi: 10.1370/afm.1907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674–697. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millett, G. A., Flores, S. A., Peterson, J. L., & Bakeman, R. (2007). Explaining disparities in HIV infection among black and white men who have sex with men: A meta-analysis of HIV risk behaviors. AIDS (london, England), 21(15), 2083–2091. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282e9a64b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montaner, J. S., Lima, V. D., Barrios, R., Yip, B., Wood, E., Kerr, T., … Kendall, P. (2010). Association of highly active antiretroviral therapy coverage, population viral load, and yearly new HIV diagnoses in British Columbia, Canada: A population-based study. The Lancet, 376(9740), 532–539. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60936-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadarzynski, T., Smith, H., Richardson, D., Pollard, A., Hurst, S., Berglund, A., & Llewellyn, C. (2015). Delay in disclosure about sexual orientation to health-care professionals among men who have sex with men in Brighton, UK: A qualitative analysis. The Lancet, 386(Supplement 2), S57. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00895-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng, B. E., Moore, D., Michelow, W., Hogg, R., Gustafson, R., Robert, W., … the ManCount Study Team. (2014). Relationship between disclosure of same-sex sexual activity to providers, HIV diagnosis and sexual health services for men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 105(3), e186–e191. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.034 doi: 10.17269/cjph.105.4212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostrow, D. G., & Stall, R. (2008). Alcohol, tobacco, and drug use among gay and bisexual men. In R. J. Wolitski, R. Stall, & R. O. Valdiserri (Eds.), Unequal opportunity: Health disparities affecting gay and bisexual men in the United States (pp. 121–159). New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Petroll, A. E., & Mosack, K. E. (2011). Physician awareness of sexual orientation and preventive health recommendations to men who have sex with men. Sexually Transmitted Disease, 38(1), 63–67. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181ebd50f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. (2017). Changing attitudes on gay marriage: Public opinion on same-sex marriage. Retrieved from http://www.pewforum.org/fact-sheet/changing-attitudes-on-gay-marriage/
   Google Scholar
• Qiao, S., Zhou, G., & Li, X. (2018). Disclosure of same-sex behaviors to health-care providers and uptake of HIV testing for men who have sex with men: A systematic review. American Journal of Men’s Health, 12(5), 1197–1214. doi: 10.1177/1557988318784149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmon-Ceron, D., Lewden, C., Morlat, P., Bevilacqua, S., Jougla, E., Bonnet, F., … Chene, G. (2005). Liver disease as a major cause of death among HIV infected patients: Role of Hepatitis C and B viruses and alcohol. Journal of Hepatology, 42(6), 799–805. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.01.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shuper, P. A., Neuman, M., Kanteres, F., Baliunas, D., Joharchi, N., & Rehm, J. (2010). Causal considerations on alcohol and HIV/AIDS – A systematic review. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 45(2), 159–166. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agp091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele, L. S., Tinmouth, J. M., & Lu, A. (2006). Regular health care use by lesbians: A path analysis of predictive factors. Family Practice, 23(6), 631–636. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cml030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes, J. P., & Peterson, J. L. (1998). Homophobia, self-esteem, and risk for HIV among African American men who have sex with men. AIDS Education and Prevention, 10(3), 278–292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, H. S., Valdimarsdottir, H. B., Winkel, G., Jandorf, L., & Redd, W. (2004). The Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale: Psychometric properties and association with breast cancer screening. Preventive Medicine, 38(2), 209–218. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.09.041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobin, K., Kuramoto, S. J., German, D., Fields, E., Spikes, P. S., Patterson, J., & Latkin, C. (2013). Unity in Diversity: Results of a randomized clinical culturally tailored pilot HIV prevention intervention trial in Baltimore, Maryland, for African American men who have sex with men. Health Education & Behavior, 40(3), 286–295. doi: 10.1177/1090198112452125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unger, C. A. (2015). Care of the transgender patient: A survey of gynecologists’ current knowledge and practice. Journal of Women’s Health, 24(2), 114–118. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2014.4918
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dam, M. A. A., Koh, A. S., & Dibble, S. L. (2001). Lesbian disclosure to health care providers and delay of care. Journal of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, 5(1), 11–19. doi: 10.1023/A:1009534015823
   Google Scholar
• Wall, K. M., Khosropour, C. M., & Sullivan, P. S. (2010). Offering of HIV screening to men who have sex with men by their health care providers and associated factors. Journal of International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 9(5), 284–288.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, P. A., Valera, P., Martos, A. J., Wittlin, N. M., Munoz-Laboy, M. A., & Parker, R. G. (2016). Contributions of qualitative research in informing HIV/AIDS interventions targeting Black MSM in the United States. Journal of Sex Research, 53(6), 642–654. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2015.1016139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar