References
- Brunet, L., Napravnik, S., Heine, A. D., Leone, P. A., & Eron, J. J. (2017). Brief report: Longitudinal opioid use among HIV-infected patients, 2000 to 2014. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 75(1), 77–80. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000001321.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Viral Hepatitis Surveillance: United States, 2015. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2015surveillance/pdfs/2015HepSurveillanceRpt.pdf
- Clayton, H. B., Lowry, R., August, E., & Jones, S. E. (2016). Nonmedical use of prescription drugs and sexual risk behaviors. Pediatrics, 137(1), e20152480. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-2480.
- Colasanti, J., Lira, M. C., Cheng, D. M., Liebschutz, J. M., Tsui, J. I., Forman, L. S., … del Rio, C. (2018). Chronic opioid therapy in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Patients’ perspectives on risks, monitoring, and guidelines. Clinical Infectious Diseases, [Epub Ahead of Print], doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy452
- Cranston, K., Alpren, C., John, B., Dawson, E., Roosevelt, K., Burrage, A., … DeMaria, A. (2019). Notes from the field: HIV diagnoses among persons who inject drugs - Northeastern Massachusetts, 2015-2018. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 68(10), 253–254. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6810a6.
- DeLorenze, G. N., Weisner, C., Tsai, A.-L., Satre, D. D., & Quesenberry, C. P. (2011). Excess mortality among HIV-infected patients diagnosed with substance use dependence or abuse receiving care in a fully integrated medical care Program. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 35(2), 203–210. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01335.x.
- Edelman, E. J., Gordon, K., Becker, W. C., Goulet, J. L., Skanderson, M., Gaither, J. R., … Fiellin, D. A. (2013). Receipt of opioid analgesics by HIV-infected and uninfected patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 28(1), 82–90. doi:10.1007/s11606-012-2189-z.
- Finlayson, T. J., Le, B., Smith, A., Bowles, K., Cribbin, M., Miles, I., … Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). HIV risk, prevention, and testing behaviors among men who have sex with men–national HIV behavioral surveillance system, 21 U.S. Cities, United States, 2008. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002), 60(14), 1–34.
- Fredericksen, R., Crane, P. K., Tufano, J., Ralston, J., Schmidt, S., Brown, T., … Crane, H. M. (2012). Integrating a web-based, patient-administered assessment into primary care for HIV-infected adults. Journal of AIDS and HIV Research (Online), 4(2), 47–55.
- Friedman, S. R., Mateu-Gelabert, P., Ruggles, K. V., Goodbody, E., Syckes, C., Jessell, L., … Guarino, H. (2017). Sexual risk and transmission behaviors, partnerships and settings among young adult nonmedical opioid users in New York City. AIDS and Behavior, 21(4), 994–1003. doi:10.1007/s10461-016-1672-7.
- Hartzler, B., Dombrowski, J. C., Crane, H. M., Geng, E. H., Mathews, W. C., Mayer, K. H., … Donovan, D. M. (2017). Prevalence and predictors of substance use disorders among HIV care enrollees in the United States. AIDS and Behavior, 21(4), 1138–1148. doi:10.1007/s10461-016-1584-6.
- Kaiser Family Foundation. (n.d.). Opioid Overdose Deaths. Retrieved September 18, 2019, from https://www.kff.org/state-category/health-status/opioids/
- Kansagra, S. M., & Cohen, M. K. (2018). The opioid epidemic in NC progress, challenges, and opportunities. North Carolina Medical Journal, 79(3), 157–162. doi:10.18043/ncm.79.3.157.
- Kozak, M. S., Mugavero, M. J., Ye, J., Aban, I., Lawrence, S. T., Nevin, C. R., … Willig, J. H. (2012). Patient reported outcomes in routine care: Advancing data capture for HIV cohort research. Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 54(1), 141–147. doi:10.1093/cid/cir727.
- Lemons, A., DeGroote, N., Peréz, A., Craw, J., Nyaku, M., Broz, D., … Beer, L. (2019). Opioid misuse among HIV-positive adults in medical care: Results from the medical monitoring project, 2009–2014. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 80(2), 127. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000001889.
- Lyss, S., Zhang, T., & Oster, A. (2018). HIV Diagnoses among people who inject drugs - United States, 2010-2016. Presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections 2018. Retrieved from http://www.croiconference.org/sessions/hiv-diagnoses-among-people-who-inject-drugs-%E2%80%94-united-states-2010%E2%80%932016
- Meyer, J. P., Althoff, A. L., & Altice, F. L. (2013). Optimizing care for HIV-infected people who use drugs: evidence-based approaches to overcoming healthcare disparities. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 57(9), 1309–1317. doi:10.1093/cid/cit427.
- Napravnik, S., Eron, J. J., McKaig, R. G., Heine, A. D., Menezes, P., & Quinlivan, E. (2006). Factors associated with fewer visits for HIV primary care at a tertiary care center in the Southeastern U.S. AIDS Care, 18(sup1), 45–50. doi:10.1080/09540120600838928.
- North Carolina HIV/STD/Hepatitis Surveillance Unit. (2018). 2017 North Carolina HIV/STD/Hepatitis Surveillance Report. Retrieved from https://epi.publichealth.nc.gov/cd/stds/figures/std17rpt_rev12142018.pdf
- Peters, P. J., Pontones, P., Hoover, K. W., Patel, M. R., Galang, R. R., Shields, J., … Duwve, J. M. (2016). HIV infection linked to injection use of Oxymorphone in Indiana, 2014–2015. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(3), 229–239. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1515195.
- Rebeiro, P., Althoff, K. N., Buchacz, K., Gill, M. J., Horberg, M., Krentz, H., … Gange, S. J. (2013). Retention among North American HIV–infected persons in clinical care, 2000–2008. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 62(3), 356–362. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31827f578a.
- Ronan, M. V., & Herzig, S. J. (2016). Hospitalizations related To opioid abuse/dependence and associated serious infections increased sharply, 2002–12. Health Affairs, 35(5), 832–837. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1424.
- Schranz, A. J., Fleischauer, A., Chu, V. H., Wu, L.-T., & Rosen, D. L. (2019). Trends in drug use-associated infective endocarditis and heart valve surgery, 2007 to 2017: A study of Statewide Discharge data. Annals of Internal Medicine, 170(1), 31. doi:10.7326/M18-2124. PMID: 30508432 doi: 10.7326/M18-2124
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2018). 2015-2016 NSDUH State-Specific Tables. Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/data/report/2015-2016-nsduh-state-specific-tables
- Turner, A. N., Maierhofer, C., Funderburg, N. T., Snyder, B., Small, K., Clark, J., … Kwiek, J. J. (2016). High levels of self-reported prescription opioid use by HIV-positive individuals. AIDS Care, 28(12), 1559–1565. doi:10.1080/09540121.2016.1198746.