Patient referral from nurses to doctors in a nurse-led HIV primary care clinic in South Africa: implications for training and support

References

• Cohen , D. and Mayer , K.H. 2007 . Primary care issues for HIV-infected patients . Infectious Disease Clinics of North America , 21 : 49 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirsch , M. 2008 . Initiating therapy: When to start, what to use . Journal of Infectious Disease , 197 ( Suppl. 3 ) : S252 – S260 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horrocks , S. , Anderson , E. and Salisbury , C. 2002 . Systematic review of whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors . British Medical Journal , 324 ( 7341 ) : 819 – 823 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Human Sciences Research Council . 2008 . South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behavior, and Communication Survey, 2008: A turning tide among teenagers? Retrieved from http://www.hsrc.ac.za
   Google Scholar
• Jaffar , S. , Govender , T. , Garrib , A. , Welz , T. , Grosskurth , H. , Smith , P.G. , Bennish , M.L. 2005 . Antiretroviral treatment in resource-poor settings: Public health research priorities . Tropical Medicine and International Health , 10 4 , 295 299 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landis , J. and Koch , G.G. 1977 . The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data . Biometrics , 33 : 159 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Libamba , E. , Makombe , S.D. , Harries , A.D. , Schouten , E.J. , Yu , J.K. , Pasulani , O. , Lungu , D. 2007 . Malawi's contribution to “3 by 5”: Achievements and challenges . Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 85 2 , 156 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchal , B. , Kegels , G. and De Brouwere , V. 2004 . Human resources in scaling up HIV/AIDS programmes: Just a killer assumption or in need of new paradigms? . AIDS , 18 ( 15 ) : 2103 – 2105 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martison , N. 2005 . Real costs of providing primary care to HIV-infected adults in Soweto . Paper presented at the International AIDS conference, Rio de Janiero, Brazil .
   Google Scholar
• Miles , K. , Clutterbuck , D.J. , Seitio , O. , Sebego , M. and Riley , A. 2007 . Antiretroviral treatment roll-out in a resource-constrained setting: Capitalizing on nursing resources in Botswana . Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 85 ( 7 ) : 555 – 560 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mundinger , M. , Kane , R.L. , Lenz , E.R. , Totten , A.M. , Tsai , W.Y. , Cleary , P.D. , Shelanski , M.L. 2000 . Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians: A randomized trial . Journal of the American Medical Association , 283 1 , 59 68 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• South African Clinicians Society guidelines: Antiretroviral therapy in adults . 2008 . South African Journal of HIV Medicine , 29 , 18 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Steyn , F. , Schneider , H. , Engelbrecht , M.C. , van Rensburg-Bonthuyzen , E.J. , Jacobs , N. and van Rensburg , D.H. 2009 . Scaling up access to antiretroviral drugs in a middle-income country: Public sector drug delivery in the Free State, South Africa . AIDS Care , 21 ( 1 ) : 1 – 6 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations 2008 . 2008 update on the global AIDS epidemic . Retrieved from http://www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/GlobalReport/2008/2008_Global_report.asp .
   Google Scholar
• Venning , P. , Durie , A. , Roland , M. , Roberts , C. and Leese , B. 2000 . Randomised controlled trial comparing cost effectiveness of general practitioners and nurse practitioners in primary care . British Medical Journal , 320 ( 7241 ) : 1048 – 1053 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wester , C. , Bussmann , H. , Avalos , A. , Ndwapi , N. , Gaolathe , T. , Cardiello , P. , Marlink , R.G. 2005 . Establishment of a public antiretroviral treatment clinic for adults in urban Botswana: Lessons learned . Clinical Infectious Disease , 40 7 , 1041 1044 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , I. , Landon , B.E. , Hirschhorn , L.R. , McInnes , K. , Ding , L. , Marsden , P.V. and Cleary , P.D. 2005 . Quality of HIV care provided by nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and physicians . Annals of Internal Medicine , 143 ( 10 ) : 729 – 736 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood , R. , Fox , M. , Conradie , F. , Ingram , C. , Ive , P. , Orrell , C. , Sanne , I. 2009 . Doctor or nurse monitored antiretroviral therapy: A prospective randomized strategy trial . Paper presented at the International AIDS Society, Cape Town, South Africa .
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization . 2006 . Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: Recommendations for a public health approach . Retrieved from www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/adult/en/index.html .
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization 2007 . International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 10th revision . Retrieved from http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/ .
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization . 2008 . Towards universal access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector . Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/mediacentre/2008progressreport/en/index.html .
   Google Scholar