Gendering corporal punishment: beyond the discourse of human rights

References

• Benbenishty , R. , Zeira , A. , Astor , R. A. and Koury‐Kassabri , M. 2002 . Maltreatment of primary school students by educational staff in Israel . Child Abuse and Neglect , 26 ( 12 ) : 1290 – 1309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendera , S. E. , Maro , E. and Mboya , M. 1998 . “ A gender perspective on violence: its form and consequences for the education of primary school students in Tanzania ” . In Gender and education in Tanzanian schools , Edited by: Bendera , S. and Mboya , M. Dar es Salaam : Dar es Salaam Schools .
   Google Scholar
• Butler , J. 1990 . Gender trouble: feminism and the subversion of identity , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Chianu , E. 2000 . Two deaths, one blind eye, one imprisonment: child abuse in the guise of corporal punishment in Nigerian schools . Child Abuse and Neglect , 24 ( 7 ) : 1005 – 1009 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connell , R. W. 1987 . Gender and power: society, the person and sexual politics , Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Connell , R. W. 1989 . ‘Cool guys’, ‘swots’ and ‘wimps’: the interplay of masculinity and education . Oxford Review of Education , 15 ( 3 ) : 291 – 303 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connell , R. W. 1995 . Masculinities , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Connell , R. W. 2002 . Gender , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cornwall , A. 1997 . Men, masculinity and ‘gender in development’ . Gender and Development , 5 ( 2 ) : 8 – 13 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cornwall , A. and Lindisfarne , N. 1995 . “ Feminist anthropologies and questions of masculinity ” . In The future of anthropology: its relevance to the contemporary world , Edited by: Ahmed , A. and Shore , C. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Duncan , N. 1999 . Sexual bullying: gender, conflict and pupil cuture in secondary schools , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Dunne , M. 2007 . Gender, sexuality and schooling: everyday life in Botswana and Ghana . International Journal of Educational Development , 27 ( 5 ) : 499 – 511 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunne , M. , Humphreys , S. and Leach , F. 2006 . Gender violence in schools in the developing world . Gender and Education , 18 ( 1 ) : 75 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunne , M. , Leach , F. , Chilisa , B. , Maundeni , T. , Tabulawa , R. , Kutor , N. , Forde , L. and Asamoah , A. 2005 . Gendered school experiences: the impact on retention and achievement in Botswana and Ghana , London : DfID . DfID Education Research No. 56
   Google Scholar
• Gubrium , J. F. and Holstein , J. A. 2001 . “ Introduction ” . In Institutional selves: troubled identities in a postmodern world , Edited by: Gubrium , J. F. and Holstein , J. A. New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , S. 1996 . “ Introduction: who needs ‘identity’? ” . In Questions of cultural identity , Edited by: Hall , S. and du Gay , P. London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Harber , C. 2004 . Schooling as violence: how schools harm pupils and societies , London : RoutledgeFalmer .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , S. N. , ed. 2005 . Eliminating corporal punishment: the way forward to constructive child discipline , Paris : UNESCO .
   Google Scholar
• Holdstock , T. L. 1990 . “ Violence in schools: discipline ” . In People and violence in South Africa , Edited by: McKendrick , B. and Hoffman , W. Cape Town : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Human Rights Watch . 1999 . Spare the child: corporal punishment in Kenyan schools , New York : Human Rights Watch .
   Google Scholar
• Humphreys , S. 2005 . Schooling identity: gender relations and classroom discourse in selected junior secondary schools in Botswana , University of Sussex . Unpublished D.Phil. thesis
   Google Scholar
• Kehily , M. J. and Nayak , A. 1997 . ‘Lads and laughter’: humour and the production of heterosexual hierarchies . Gender and Education , 9 ( 1 ) : 69 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• Kenway , J. and Fitzclarence , L. 1997 . Masculinity, violence, and schooling: challenging poisonous pedagogies . Gender and Education , 9 ( 1 ) : 117 – 133 .
   Google Scholar
• Kessler , S. and McKenna , W. 1978 . Gender: an ethnomethodological approach , New York : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Kessler , S. , Ashenden , D. J. , Connell , R. and Dowsett , G. W. 1985 . Gender relations in secondary schooling . Sociology of Education , 58 ( 1 ) : 34 – 48 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , D‐H. , Kim , K‐L. , Park , Y. C. , Zhang , L. D. , Lu , M. K. and Li , D. 2000 . Children’s experience of violence in China and Korea: a transcultural study . Child Abuse and Neglect , 24 ( 9 ) : 1163 – 1173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuleana (Children’s Rights Center) . 1999 . Does corporal punishment bring about discipline? , Dar es Salaam : Kuleana Children’s Rights Center .
   Google Scholar
• Leach , F. and Machakanja , P. 2000 . Preliminary investigation into the abuse of girls in Zimbabwean junior secondary schools . Gender and Education , 9 ( 1 ) : 69 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Leach , P. 1999 . The Physical punishment of children: some input from recent research , London : NSPCC .
   Google Scholar
• Mirembe , R. and Davies , L. 2001 . Is schooling a risk? Gender, power relations and school culture in Uganda . Gender and Education , 13 ( 4 ) : 401 – 416 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrell , R. 2001 . Corporal punishment and masculinity in South African schools . Men and Masculinities , 4 ( 2 ) : 140 – 157 .
   Google Scholar
• Naker , D. 2005 . Violence against children: the voices of Ugandan children and adults , Kampala : Raising Voices .
   Google Scholar
• Newell , P. 1989 . Children are people too: the case against physical punishment , London : Bedford Square Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pattman , R. and Chege , F. 2003 . Finding our voices: gendered and sexual identities and HIV/AIDS education , Nairobi : UNICEF ESARO .
   Google Scholar
• Renold , E. 2002 . Presumed innocence: (hetero)sexual, heterosexist and homophobic harassment among primary school boys and girls . Childhood , 9 ( 4 ) : 415 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie , J. and Ritchie , J. 1981 . Spare the rod , Sydney : Allen & Unwin .
   Google Scholar
• Soneson , U. 2005 . Ending corporal punishment of children in Zambia , Arcadia, , Sweden : RSA, Save the Children .
   Google Scholar
• Soneson , U. and Smith , C. 2005 . Ending corporal punishment of children in South Africa , Arcadia, , Sweden : RSA, Save the Children .
   Google Scholar
• Swain , J. 2003 . How young schoolboys become somebody: the role of the body in the construction of masculinity . British Journal of Sociology of Education , 24 ( 3 ) : 299 – 314 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tafa , E. M. 2002 . Corporal punishment: the brutal face of Botswana’s authoritarian schools . Educational Review , 54 ( 1 ) : 17 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terefe , D. and Mengistu , D. 1997 . “ Violence in Ethiopian schools: a study of some schools in Addis Ababa ” . In Violence at school: global issues and interventions , Edited by: Ohsako , T. Paris : UNESCO IBE .
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO . 2005 . EFA global monitoring report 2005 – the quality imperative , Paris : UNESCO .
   Google Scholar
• UNICEF . 2001 . Corporal punishment in schools in South Asia , Kathmandu : UNICEF .
   Google Scholar
• United Nations . 2006 . The United Nations Secretary General’s study of violence against children Available online at: www.violencestudy.org
   Google Scholar
• Vally , S. 1999 . Violence in South African schools . Current Issues in Comparative Education , 2 ( 1 ) : 80 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Yoneyama , S. and Naito , A. 2003 . Problems with the paradigm: the school as a factor in understanding bullying (with special reference to Japan) . British Journal of Sociology of Education , 24 ( 3 ) : 315 – 330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youssef , R. M. , Attia , M. S. and Kamel , M. I. 1998 . Children experiencing violence II: prevalence and determinants of corporal punishment in schools . Child Abuse and Neglect , 22 ( 10 ) : 975 – 985 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar