Language, Gender and Education: a critical review linking social justice and power

REFERENCES

• Baran , G. 1987 . “ Teaching girls science ” . In Gender and Expertise , Edited by: McNeil , M. London : Free Association Books .
   Google Scholar
• Berko‐Gleason , J. 1975 . “ Fathers and other strangers: men's speech to young children ” . In Developmental Psycholinguistics: theory and applications , Edited by: Dato , D. Georgetown : University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bhaskar , R. 1989 . Reclaiming Reality: a critical introduction to contemporary philosophy , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Biggs , A.P. and Edwards , V. 1991 . ‘I treat them all the same’: teacher‐pupil talk in multi‐ethnic classrooms . Language and Education , 5 : 161 – 176 .
   Google Scholar
• Brophy , J. 1985 . “ Interactions of male and female students with male and female teachers ” . In Gender Influences in Classroom Interaction , Edited by: Wilkinson , L. and Marrett , C. Orlando , FL : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Brouwer , D. 1982 . The influence of the addressee's sex on politeness in language use . Linguistics , 20 : 697 – 711 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brouwer , D. , Gerritsen , M. and De Haan , D. 1979 . Speech differences between women and men: on the wrong track? . Language in Society , 8 : 33 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns , J. and Bird , L. 1987 . “ Girls’ cooperation and boys’ isolation in achieving understanding in chemistry ” . In GASAT Conference Proceedings , Wellington : Victoria University of Wellington .
   Google Scholar
• Burns , J. , Clift , C. and Duncan , J. 1991 . Understanding of understanding: implications for learning and teaching . British Journal of Educational Psychology , 61 : 276 – 289 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron , D. 1984 . Sexism and semantics . Radical Philosophy , 36 : 14 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Cameron , D. 1985 . Feminism and Linguistic Theory , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Cameron , D. and Coates , J. 1985 . Some problems in the sociolinguistic explanation of sex differences . Language and Communication , 5 : 143 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron , D. , McAlinden , F. and O'Leary , K. 1988 . “ Lakoff in context: the social and linguistic functions of tag questions ” . In Women in Their Speech Communities: new perspectives on language and sex , Edited by: Coates , J. and Cameron , D. London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Cazden , C. 1988 . Classroom Discourse: the language of teaching and learning , Portsmouth , NH : Heinemann .
   Google Scholar
• Cheshire , J. and Jenkins , N. 1991 . Gender differences in the GCSE Oral English Examination: part II . Language and Education , 5 : 19 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Coates , J. 1986 . Women, Men and Language , London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Coates , J. and Cameron , D. 1988 . Women in Their Speech Communities: new perspectives on language and sex , London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Corson , D. 1987 . Oral Language Across the Curriculum , Philadelphia , PA : Multilingual Matters .
   Google Scholar
• Corson , D. 1990 . Language Policy Across the Curriculum , Philadelphia , PA : Multilingual Matters .
   Google Scholar
• Corson , D. 1991a . Bhaskar's critical realism and educational knowledge . British Journal of Sociology of Education , 12 : 223 – 241 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corson , D. 1991b . Educational research and Bhaskar's conception of discovery . Educational Theory , 41 : 189 – 198 .
   Google Scholar
• Corson , D. 1991c . Language power and minority schooling . Language and Education , 5 : 234 – 257 .
   Google Scholar
• Corson , D. 1992 . Minority culture discourse norms in majority culture classrooms . Canadian Modern Language Review , 48 : 472 – 496 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crosby , F. and Nyquist , L. 1977 . The female register: an empirical study of Lakoff's hypotheses . Language in Society , 6 : 313 – 322 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dittmann , A. 1977 . Developmental factors in conversational behaviour . Journal of Communication , 22 : 404 – 423 .
   Google Scholar
• Esposito , A. 1979 . Sex differences in children's conversation . Language and Speech , 22 : 213 – 220 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairweather , H. 1976 . Sex differences in cognition . Cognition , 4 : 231 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fasold , R. 1990 . The Sociolinguistics of Language , Oxford : Basil Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Fennema , E. and Peterson , P. 1985 . “ Autonomous learning behaviour: a possible explanation of gender‐related differences in mathematics ” . In Gender Influences In Classroom Interaction , Edited by: Wilkinson , L. and Marrett , C. Orlando , FL : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Fichtelius , A. , Johansson , I. and Nordin , K. 1980 . Three investigations of sex‐associated speech variation in day school . Women's Studies International Quarterly , 3 : 219 – 225 .
   Google Scholar
• Fishman , P. 1983 . “ Interaction: the work women do ” . In Language, Gender and Society , Edited by: Thorne , B. , Kramarae , C. and Henley , N. Rowley , MA : Newbury House .
   Google Scholar
• Frazer , E. and Cameron , D. 1989 . “ Knowing what to say: the construction of gender in linguistic practice ” . In Social Anthropology and the Politics of Language , Edited by: Grillo , R. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Gleason , J. 1987 . “ Sex differences in parent‐child interaction ” . In Language, Gender, and Sex in Comparative Perspective , Edited by: Philips , S. , Steele , S. and Tanz , C. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Graddol , D. and Swann , D. 1989 . Gender Voices , Oxford : Basil Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Harris , L. 1977 . “ Sex differences in the growth and use of language ” . In Women: a psychological perspective , Edited by: Donelson , E. and Fullahorn , J. New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins , N. and Cheshire , J. 1990 . Gender issues in the GCSE Oral English Examination: part 1 . Language and Education , 4 : 261 – 292 .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , A. 1987 . “ Which girls are ‘learning to lose'? ” . In Women and Education in Aotearoa , Edited by: Middleton , S. Wellington : Allen & Unwin .
   Google Scholar
• Kelly , A. 1988 . Gender differences in teacher‐pupil interactions: a meta‐analytic review . Research in Education , 39 : 1 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Klann‐Delius , G. 1987 . “ Sex and language ” . In Sociolinguistics , Edited by: Ammon , U. , Dittmar , N. and Mattheier , K. Berlin : Walter de Gruyter .
   Google Scholar
• Kramarae , C. 1981 . Women and Men Speaking: frameworks for analysis , Rowley , MA : Newbury House .
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff , R. 1975 . Language and Women's Place , New York : Harper & Row .
   Google Scholar
• Lees , S. 1987 . “ The structure of sexual relations in school ” . In Gender and the Politics of Schooling , Edited by: Arnot , M. and Weiner , G. London : Unwin Hyman .
   Google Scholar
• McConnell‐Ginet , S. , Borker , R. and Furman , N. , eds. 1980 . Women and Language in Literature and Society , New York : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• McPherson , J. 1990 . “ Gender, language and education ” . In Language Policy Across the Curriculum , Edited by: Corson , D. Philadelphia , PA : Multilingual Matters .
   Google Scholar
• Macaulay , R. 1977 . Language, Social Class and Education: a Glasgow study , Edinburgh : University of Edinburgh Press .
   Google Scholar
• Maccauley , R. 1978 . The myth of female superiority in language . Journal of Child Language , 5 : 353 – 363 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maccoby , E. and Jacklin , C. 1974 . The Psychology of Sex Differences , Stanford , CA : Stanford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Maltz , D. and Borker , R. 1983 . “ A cultural approach to male‐female miscommunication ” . In Language and Social Identity , Edited by: Gumperz , J. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. 1989 . Sex differences in the development of verbal and mathematics constructs: the high school and beyond study . American Educational Research Journal , 26 : 191 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaels , S. 1981 . ‘Sharing time’: children's narrative styles and differential access to literacy . Language in Society , 10 : 423 – 442 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaels , S. and Cazden , C. 1986 . “ Teacher/child collaboration as oral preparation for literacy ” . In The Acquisition of Literacy: ethnographic perspectives , Edited by: Schiefflin , B. and Gilmore , P. Norwood , NJ : Ablex .
   Google Scholar
• Moi , T. 1985 . Sexual/Textual Politics: feminist literary theory , London : Methuen .
   Google Scholar
• Morse , L. and Handley , H. 1985 . “ Listening to adolescents: gender differences in science class interaction ” . In Gender Influences in Classroom Interaction , Edited by: Wilkinson , L. and Marrett , C. Orlando , FL : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• O'Barr , W. and Atkins , B. 1980 . “ ‘Women's language’ or ‘powerless language'? ” . In Women and Language in Literature and Society , Edited by: McConnell‐Giner , S. , Borker , R. and Furman , N. New York : Prager .
   Google Scholar
• Philips , S. 1980 . Sex differences and language . Annual Review of Anthropology , 9 : 523 – 544 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philips , S. , Steele , S. and Tanz , C. , eds. 1987 . Language, Gender, and Sex in Comparative Perspective , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Plomin , R. and Foch , T. 1981 . Sex differences and individual differences . Child Development , 52 : 383 – 385 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randall , G. 1987 . “ Gender differences in pupil‐teacher interaction in workshops and laboratories ” . In Gender Under Scrutiny , Edited by: Weiner , G. and Arnot , M. London : Hutchinson .
   Google Scholar
• Reay , D. 1991 . Intersections of gender, race and class in the primary school . British Journal of Sociology of Education , 12 : 163 – 182 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romaine , S. 1978 . “ Postvocalic /r/ in Scottish English: sound change in progress? ” . In Sociolinguistic Patterns in British English , Edited by: Trudgill , P. London : Edward Arnold .
   Google Scholar
• Sadker , M. and Sadker , D. 1985 . Sexism in the Schoolroom of the ‘80s . Psychology Today , March : 54 – 57 .
   Google Scholar
• Schieffelin , B. 1987 . “ Do different worlds mean different words? An example from Papua New Guinea ” . In Language, Gender, and Sex in Comparative Perspective , Edited by: Philips , S. , Steele , S. and Tanz , C. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shakeshaft , C. 1987 . Women in Educational Administration , Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , P. 1985 . Languages, the Sexes and Society , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Spender , D. 1980 . Man Made Language , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Stanworth , M. 1983 . Gender and Schooling: a study of sexual divisions in the classroom , London : Hutchinson .
   Google Scholar
• Starratt , R. 1991 . Building an ethical school: a theory for practice in educational leadership . Educational Administration Quarterly , 27 : 185 – 202 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stockard , J. and Johnson , M. 1981 . “ The sources and dynamics of sexual inequality in the profession of education ” . In Educational Policy and Management: sex differentials , Edited by: Schmuk , P. , Charters , W. and Carlson , R. New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Swann , J. 1988 . “ Talk control: an illustration from the classroom of problems in analysing male dominance of conversation ” . In Women in Their Speech Communities: new perspectives on language and sex , Edited by: Coates , J. and Cameron , D. London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Tanz , C. 1987 . “ Introduction ” . In Language, Gender, and Sex in Comparative Perspective , Edited by: Philips , S. , Steele , S. and Tanz , C. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thorne , B. 1986 . “ Girls and boys together ... but mostly apart: gender arrangements in elementary schools ” . In Relationships and Development , Edited by: Hartup , W. and Rubin , Z. Hillsdale , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Treichler , P. and Kramarae , C. 1983 . Women's talk in the ivory tower . Communication Quarterly , 31 : 118 – 132 .
   Google Scholar
• Trudgill , P. 1974 . The Social Differentiation of English in Norwich , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Walkerdine , V. 1987 . “ Sex, power and pedagogy ” . In Gender and the Politics of Schooling , Edited by: Arnot , M. and Weiner , G. London : Unwin Hyman .
   Google Scholar
• White , J. 1990 . “ On literacy and gender ” . In Literacy for a Changing World , Edited by: Christie , F. Hawthorn , Victoria : ACER .
   Google Scholar
• Whyte , J. 1983 . Beyond the Wendy House: sex role stereotyping in the primary school , York : Longmans .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , C. 1987 . “ The relations between teachers and Afro‐Caribbean pupils: observing multiracial classrooms ” . In Gender Under Scrutiny , Edited by: Weiner , G. and Arnot , M. London : Hutchinson .
   Google Scholar
• Yeakey , C. , Johnston , G. and Adkison , J. 1986 . In pursuit of equity: a review of research on minorities and women in educational administration . Educational Administration Quarterly , 22 : 110 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar