Advanced search
Publication Cover
International Review of Psychiatry Volume 15, 2003 - Issue 1-2: A decade of National surveys of Psychiatric Epidemiology in Great Britain - 1990-2000
Submit an article Journal homepage
177
Views
50
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys of Great Britain--initial findings from the Household Survey

R. Jenkins The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
,
G. Lewis The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
,
P. Bebbington The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
,
T. Brugha The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
,
M. Farrell The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
,
B. Gill The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
&
H. Meltzer The Mental Health Division, Department of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University College London Medical School, Institute of Psychiatry and Social Survey Division, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, London; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester
 show all
Pages 29-42 | Published online: 11 Jul 2009

References

  • AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION (1980). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Third edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
  • AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Third edition revised. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E. (1988). The social epidemiology of clinical depression. In: A.S. HENDERSON & G. BURROWS (Eds), Handbook of Studies on Social Psychiatry (pp. 88-102). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E. (1991). The epidemiology of affective disorders. In: P.E. BEBBINGTON (Ed), Social Psychiatry: Theory, Methodology and Practice (pp. 265-304). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E. & NAYANI, T. (1995). The psychosis screening questionnaire. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5, 11-20.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E., HURRY, J., TENNANT, C., STURT, E. & WING, J.K. (1981a). The epidemiology of mental disorders in Camberwell. Psychological Medicine, 11, 561-580.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E., HURRY, J. & TENNANT, C. (1981b). Psychiatric disorders in selected immigrant groups in Camberwell. Social Psychiatry, 16, 43-51.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E., STURT, E., TENNANT, C. & HURRY, J. (1984). Misfortune and resilience: a community study of women. Psychological Medicine, 14, 347-364.
  • BEBBINGTON, P.E., JENKINS, R., LEWIS, G., BRUGHA, T., FARRELL, M. & MELTZER, H. (1998). The influence of age and sex on the prevalence of depressive conditions: report from the National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity. Psychological Medicine, 28, 9-19.
  • BLAND, R.D., ORN, H. & NEWMAN, S.C. (1988). Lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 77 (Suppl 338), 24-32.
  • BLAZER, D., GEORGE, L.K., LANDERMAN, R., PENNYBACKER, M., MELVILLE, M.L., WOODBURY, M., MANTON, K.G., JORDAN, K. & LOCKE, B.Z. (1985). Psychiatric disorders: a rural/urban comparison. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 651-656.
  • BROWN, G.W. & HARRIS, T. (1978). Social Origins of Depression: A Study of Psychiatric Disorders in Women. London: Tavistock.
  • BRUGHA, T.S., SHARP, H.M., COOPER, S.A., WEISENDER, C., BRITTO, D., SHINKWIN, R., SHERIF, T. & KIRWAN, P. (1998). The Leicester 500 project. Social support systems and the development of postnatal depressive symptoms, a prospective cohort survey. Psychological Medicine, 28, 63-79.
  • BRUGHA, T.S., JENKINS, R., BEBBINGTON, P.E., MELTZER, H., VERNON, J., JANAS, M. & TAUB, N. (1999). Cross validation of a general population survey diagnostic interview: a comparison of CIS-R with SCAN ICD-10 diagnostic categories. Psychological Medicine, 29, 1029-1042.
  • CANINO, G.J., BIRD, H.R., SHROUT, P.E., RUBIO-STIPEC, M., BRAVO, M., MARTINEZ, R., SESMAN, M. & GUEVARA, L.M. (1987). The prevalence of specific psychiatric disorders in Puerto Rico. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 727-735.
  • CARTA, M.G., CARPINIELLO, B., MOROSINI, P.L. & RUDAS, N. (1991). Prevalence of mental disorders in Sardinia: a community study in an inland mining district. Psychological Medicine, 21, 1061-1071.
  • CLARK, V.A., ANESHENSEL, C.S., FRERICHS, R.R. & MORGAN, T.M. (1983). Analysis of non-response in a prospective study of depression in Los Angeles County. International Journal of Epidemiology, 12, 193-198.
  • COSTELLO, C.G. (1982). Social factors associated with depression: a retrospective community study. Psychological Medicine, 12, 329-339.
  • COX, B.D., BLAXTER, M., BUCKLE, A.L.J., FENNER, N.P., GOLDING, J.F., GORE, M., HUPPERT, F.A., NICKSON, J., ROTH, M., STARK, J., WADSWORTH, M.E.J. & WHICHELOW, M. (1987). The Health and Lifestyle Survey. Cambridge: Health Promotion Research Trust.
  • DEAN, C., SURTEES, P.G. & SASHIDHARAN, S.P. (1983). Comparison of research diagnostic systems in an Edinburgh community sample. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 247-250.
  • DOHRENWEND, B.P. & DOHRENWEND, B.S. (1974). Social and cultural influences on psychopathology. Annual Review of Psychiatry, 25, 417-452.
  • DOHRENWEND, B.P. & DOHRENWEND, B.S. (1982). Perspectives on the past and future of psychiatric epidemiology. American Journal of Public Health, 72, 1271-1279.
  • EATON, W.W. & KESSLER, L.G. (1985). Epidemiologic Field Methods in Psychiatry: The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
  • EATON, W.W., REGIER, D.A., LOCKE, B.Z. & TAUBE, C.A. (1981). The NIMH epidemiologic catchment area program. In: J.K. WING, P.E. BEBBINGTON & L. ROBINS (Eds), What is a Case? The Problem of Definition in Psychiatric Community Surveys (pp. 99-106). London: Grant MacIntyre.
  • ENDICOTT, J. & SPITZER, R. (1978). A diagnostic interview: the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 837-844.
  • HARRISON, G., OWENS, D., HOLTON, A., NEILSON, D. & BOOT, D. (1988). A prospective study of severe mental disorder in Afro-Caribbean patients. Psychological Medicine, 18, 643-657.
  • HENDERSON, A.S., BYRNE, D.G. & DUNCAN-JONES, P. (1981). Neurosis and the Social Environment. Sydney: Academic Press.
  • HILTON, M.E. (1991). A note on measuring drinking problems in the 1984 National Alcohol Survey. In: W.B. CLARK & M.E. HILTON (Eds), Alcohol in America: DrinkingPractices and Problems (pp. 51-70). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
  • HODIAMONT, P., PEER, N. & SYBEN, N. (1987). Epidemiological aspects of psychiatric disorder in a Dutch Health Area. Psychological Medicine, 17, 495-506.
  • HOLLIFIELD, M., KATON, W., SPAIN, D. & PULE, L. (1990). Anxiety and depression in a village in Lesotho, Africa: a comparison with the United States. British Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 343-350.
  • HUBER, P.J. (1967). The behaviour of maximum likelihood estimates under non-standard conditions. Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, 1, 221-233.
  • HWU, H.G., YEH, E.K. & CHANG, L.Y. (1989). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Taiwan defined by the Chinese Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 79, 136-147.
  • JENKINS, R. (1985). Sex Differences in Minor Psychiatric Morbidity. Monograph Supplement No 7. Psychological Medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • JENKINS, R., BEBBINGTON, P., BRUGHA, T., FARRELL, M., GILL, B., LEWIS, G., MELTZER, H. & PETTICREW, M. (1997). The National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys of Great Britain—strategies and methods. Psychological Medicine, 27, 765-774.
  • KARAM, E. (1991). War events and depression in Lebanon. Paper presented at a seminar of the International Traumatic Stress Society, Washington, DC.
  • KENDLER, K.S., GALLAGHER, T.J., ABELSON, J. & KESSLER, R.C. (1996). Lifetime prevalence, demographic risk factors, and diagnostic validity of non-affective psychosis as assessed in a US community sample: The National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 1022-1031.
  • KESSLER, R.C., MCGONAGLE, K.A., SWARTZ, M., BLAZER, D.G. & NELSON, C.B. (1993). Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey. I. Lifetime prevalence, chronicity and recurrence. Journal of Affective Disorders, 29, 85-96.
  • KESSLER, R.C., MCGONAGLE, K.A., ZHAO, S., NELSON, C.B., HUGHES, M., ESHLEMAN, S., WITTCHEN, H.-U. & KENDLER, K.S. (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 8-19.
  • KISH, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. London: Wiley.
  • KRAMER, M., BROWN, H., SKINNER, M., ANTHONY, J. & GERMAN, P. (1987). Changing living arrangements in the population and their potential effect on the prevalence of mental disorder: findings of the East Baltimore mental health survey. In: B. COOPER (Ed), Psychiatric Epidemiology: Progress and Prospects (pp. 3-26). London: Croom Helm.
  • LAST, J. (1988). A Dictionary of Epidemiology. Second edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • LEE, C.K., KWAK, Y.S., YAMAMOTO, J., RHEE, H., KIM, Y.S., HAN, J.H., CHOI, J.O. & LEE, Y.H. (1990a). Psychiatric epidemiology in Korea, part I: gender and age differences in Seoul. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 178, 242-246.
  • LEE, C.K., KWAK, Y.S., YAMAMOTO, J., RHEE, H., KIM, Y.S., HAN, J.H., CHOI, J.O. & LEE, Y.H. (1990b). Psychiatric epidemiology in Korea, part II: urban and rural differences. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 178, 247-252.
  • LEHTINEN, V., LINDHOLM, T., VEIJOLA, J. & VAISANEN, E. (1990). The prevalence of PSE-CATEGO disorders in a Finnish adult population cohort. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 25, 187-192.
  • LEIGHTON, D.C., HARDING, J.S., MACKLIN, D.B., MACMILLAN, A.M. & LEIGHTON, A.H. (1963). The Character of Danger Stirling County Study, Vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
  • LEPINE, J.P., LELLOUCH, J., LOVELL, A. et al. (1989). Anxiety and depressive disorders in a French population: methodology and preliminary results. Psychiatrie et Psychobiologie, 2, 267-274.
  • LEWIS, G. & BOOTH, M. (1994). Are cities bad for your mental health? Psychological Medicine, 24, 913-916.
  • LEWIS, G., PELOSI, A.J., ARAYA, R. & DUNN, G. (1992). Measuring psychiatric disorder in the community: a standardized assessment for use by lay interviewers. Psychological Medicine, 22, 465-486.
  • MCCONNELL, P., MCCLELLAND, R., GILLESPIE, K., BEBBINGTON, P.E. & HOUGHTON, S. (1996). The Derry Survey. Needs for psychiatric care in Northern Ireland’s second city. (Personal communication).
  • MCGOVERN, D. & COPE, R.V. (1987). First psychiatric admission rates of first and second generation Afro-Caribbeans. Social Psychiatry, 22, 139-149.
  • MAVREAS, V.G., BEIS, A., MOUYIAS, A., RIGONI, F. & LYKETSOS, G.C. (1986). Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in Athens: a community study. Social Psychiatry, 21, 172-181.
  • MAVREAS, V. & BEBBINGTON, P.E. (1987). Psychiatric morbidity in London’s Greek Cypriot community. I. Association with sociodemographic variables. Social Psychiatry, 22, 150-159.
  • MELTZER, H., GILL, B. & PETTICREW, M. (1995). OPCS Surveys of Psychiatric Morbidity in Great Britain. Report No 1. The Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity amongAdults aged 16-64 Livingin Private Households in Great Britain. London: HMSO.
  • OAKLEY-BROWNE, M.A., JOYCE, P.R., WELLS, J.E., BUSHNELL, J.A. & HORNBLOW, A.R. (1989). Christchurch Psychiatric Epidemiology Study, Part I: six month and other period prevalences of specific psychiatric disorders. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 327-340.
  • OFFICE OF POPULATION CENSUSES AND SURVEYS. (1990). Standard Occupational Classification, Vol. 1. London: HMSO.
  • ORLEY, J. & WING, J.K. (1979). Psychiatric disorders in two African villages. Archives of General Psychiatry, 36, 513-520.
  • ROBINS, L.N. & REGIER, D.A. (1991). Psychiatric Disorders in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. New York: Free Press.
  • ROBINS, L.N., HEZLER, J.E. & CROUGHAN, J.L. (1981). The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: its history, characteristics, and validity. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 381-389.
  • ROBINS, L.N., HEZLER, J.E., ORVASCHEL, H., ANTHONY, J.C., BLAZER, D.G., BURNHAM, A. & BURKE, J.D. (1985). The Diagnostic Interview Schedule. In: W.W. EATON & L.G. KESSLER (Eds), Epidemiologic Field Methods in Psychiatry: The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program (pp. 143-168). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
  • ROBINS, L.N., WING, J.K., WITTCHEN, H.-U., HEZLER, J.E., BABOR, T.F., BURKE, J.D., FARMER, A., JABLENSKY, A., PICKENS, R., REGIER, D.A., SARTORIUS, N. & TOWLE, L.H. (1988). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 1069-1077.
  • ROMANS-CLARKSON, S.E., WALTON, V.A., HERBISON, G.P. & MULLEN, P.E. (1988). Marriage, motherhood, and psychiatric morbidity in New Zealand. Psychological Medicine, 18, 983-990.
  • ROTH, W.F. & LUTON, F.H. (1942). The mental health program in Tennessee. American Journal of Psychiatry, 99, 662-675.
  • SILVERMAN, C. (1968). Epidemiology of Depression. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • SJOGREN, T. (1948). Genetic-statistical and Psychiatric Investigations of a West Swedish Population. Acta Psychiatrica et Neurolologica, Suppl 52.
  • SROLE, L., LANGNER, T., MICHAEL, S.T., OPLER, M.K. & RENNIE, T.A.C. (1962). Mental Health in the Metropolis. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • STANSFELD, S.A. & MARMOT, M.G. (1992). Social class and minor psychiatric disorder in civil servants: a validated screening survey using the General Health Questionnaire. Psychological Medicine, 22, 739-749.
  • STATA CORPORATION (1995). Stata Version 4.0. College Station, Texas: Stata Corporation.
  • STROMGREN, E. (1938). Beitraxge zur psychiatrischen Erblehre. Copenhagen: Munksgaard.
  • STURT, E., BEBBINGTON, P.E., HURRY, J. & TENNANT, C. (1981). The Present State Examination used by interviewers from a survey agency: report from the Camberwell Community Survey. Psychological Medicine, 11, 185-192.
  • SURTEES, P.G., DEAN, C., INGHAM, J.G., KREITMAN, N.B., MILLER, P.M. & SASHIDHARAN, S.P. (1983). Psychiatric disorder in women from an Edinburgh community: associations with demographic factors. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 238-246.
  • VA´ZQUEZ-BARQUERO, J.L., DIEZ-MANRIQUE, J.F., PENA, C., ALDANA, J., SAMANIEGO-RODRIGUEZ, C., MENENDEZ-ARANGO, J. & MIRAPEIX, C. (1987). A community mental health survey in Cantabria: a general description of morbidity. Psychological Medicine, 17, 227-242.
  • VA´ZQUEZ-BARQUERO, J.L., GARCIA, J., ARTAL SIMON, J., IGLESIAS, C., MONTEJO, J. & DUNN, G. (1996). Mental health in primary care: an epidemiological study of morbidity and utilization of health resources. (Personal communication.)
  • WALTER, S.D. (1976). The estimation and interpretation of attributable risk in health research. Biometrics, 32, 829-849.
  • WARR, P. (1987). Work, Unemployment and Mental Health. Oxford: Oxford Science Publications.
  • WEISSMAN, M.M. & MYERS, J. (1978). Rates and risks of depressive symptoms in a United States urban community. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 57, 219-231.
  • WELLS, J.E., BUSHNELL, J.A., HORNBLOW, A.R., JOYCE, P.R. & OAKLEY-BROWNE, M.A. (1989). Christchurch Psychiatric Epidemiology Study Part I: methodology and lifetime prevalence for specific psychiatric disorders. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 315-326.
  • WILLIAMS, P. & MACDONALD, A. (1986). The effect of non-response bias on the results of two-stage screening surveys of psychiatric disorder. Social Psychiatry, 21, 182-186.
  • WING, J.K. & STURT, E. (1978). The PSE-ID-CATEGO System: A Supplementary Manual. London: Institute of Psychiatry.
  • WING, J.K., COOPER, J.E. & SARTORIUS, N. (1974). The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. London: Cambridge University Press.
  • WING, J.K., BEBBINGTON, P.E. & ROBINS, L.N. (1981). Theory testing in psychiatric epidemiology. In: J.K. WING, P.E. BEBBINGTON & L.N. ROBINS (Eds), What is a Case? The Problem of Definition in Psychiatric Community Surveys (pp. 1-8). London: Grant MacIntyre.
  • WING, J.K., BABOR, T., BRUGHA, T., BURKE, J., COOPER, J.E., GIEL, R., JABLENSKY, A., REGIER, R. & SARTORIUS, N. (1990). SCAN: Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 589-593.
  • WITTCHEN, H.-U., ESAU, C.A., VON ZERSSEN, D., KREIG, J.C. & ZAUDIG, M. (1992). Lifetime and six-month prevalence of mental disorders: the Munich follow-up study. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 241, 247-258.
  • WOLK, S.I. & WEISSMAN, M.M. (1995). Women and depression. In: J.M. OLDHAM & M.B. RIBA (Eds), Review of Psychiatry, Vol. 14 (pp. 227-259). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
  • WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (1978). Mental Disorders: Glossary and Guide to Their Classification in Accordance with the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases. Geneva: WHO.
  • WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (1992). SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry). Geneva: WHO.
  • WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (1994). SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry). Version 2. Geneva: WHO.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.