The role of religious fundamentalism in terrorist violence: A social psychological analysis

References

• Adorno TW, Frenkel-Brunswik E, Levinson DJ, Sanford RN. The authoritarian personality. Harper, New York 1950
   Google Scholar
• Allport GW. The individual and his religion: A psychological interpretation. MacMillan, New York 1950
   Google Scholar
• Allport GW. The religious context of prejudice. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 1966; 5: 448–451
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allport GW, Ross JM. Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1967; 5: 432–443
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altemeyer B, Hunsberger B. Authoritarianism, religious fundamentalism, quest and prejudice. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 1992; 2: 113–133
   Google Scholar
• Antoun RT. Understanding fundamentalism: Christian, Islamic and Jewish movements. Altamira Press, Oxford 2001
   Google Scholar
• Atran S. Genesis of suicide terrorism. Science 2003; 299: 1534–1639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura A. Mechanisms of moral disengagement. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind, W Reich. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD 1998; 161–191
   Google Scholar
• Batson CD, Schoenrade PA, Ventis WL. Religion and the individual: A social-psychological perspective. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1993
   Google Scholar
• Bion W. Experiences in groups. Tavistock Publications, London 1961
   Google Scholar
• Branscombe NR, Ellemers N, Spears R, Doosje B. The context and content of social identity threat. Social identity: Context, commitment, content, N Ellemers, R Spears, B Doosje. Blackwell, Oxford 1999; 35–58
   Google Scholar
• Brewer MB. In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis. Psychological Bulletin 1979; 86: 307–324
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark R. Patterns in the lives of ETA members. Terrorism 1983; 6: 423–454
   Google Scholar
• Crenshaw M. The causes of terrorism. Comparative Politics 1981; 13: 379–399
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crenshaw M. Questions to be answered, research to be done, knowledge to be applied. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind, W Reich. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD 1998a; 247–260
   Google Scholar
• Crenshaw M. The logic of terrorism: terrorist behavior as a product of strategic choice. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind, W Reich. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD 1998b; 7–24
   Google Scholar
• Crenshaw M. The psychology of terrorism: An agenda for the 21st century. Political Psychology 2000; 21: 405–420
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danieli Y, Brom D, Sills J. The trauma of terrorism: Sharing knowledge and shared care: An international handbook. The Haworth Maltreatment & Trauma Press, New York 2005
   Google Scholar
• Dein S. Violence and martyrdom in Islam: An anthropological perspective. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, MB Rogers, CA Lewis, KM Loewenthal, M Cinnirella, R Amlôt &, H Ansari, 2006, Proceedings of the British Psychological Society Seminar Series Aspects of Terrorism and Martyrdom, eCOMMUNITY
   Google Scholar
• Drake CJM. The role of ideology in terrorists’ target selection. Terrorism and Political Violence 1998; 10: 53–85
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Festinger L, Carlsmith JM. Cognitive consequences of forced compliance. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 1959; 58: 202–210
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fowler JW. Faith development theory and the post-modern challenges. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 2001; 11: 159–172
   Google Scholar
• Francis LJ. Introducing the new indices of religious orientation (NIRO): Conceptualisation and measurement. Mental Health, Religion and Culture. 2007, (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Ganor B. Terrorism as a strategy of psychological warfare. The trauma of terrorism: Sharing knowledge and shared care, an international handbook, Y Danieli, D Brom, J Sills. The Hayworth Maltreatment & Trauma Press, New York 2005; 33–43
   Google Scholar
• Gumsmer C, Loewenthal KM. British Christian views of suicide bombers. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, MB Rogers, CA Lewis, KM Loewenthal, M Cinnirella, R Amlôt &, H Ansari, 2006, Proceedings of the British psychological society seminar series aspects of terrorism and martyrdom, eCOMMUNITY
   Google Scholar
• Hewstone M, Cairns E. Social psychology and intergroup conflict. Ethnopolitical warfare: Causes, consequences and possible solutions, D Chirot, MEP Seligman. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC 2001; 319–342
   Google Scholar
• Hood RW, Hill Jr PC, Williamson WP. The psychology of religious fundamentalism. Guilford, New York 2002
   Google Scholar
• Janis I. Groupthink: Psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascos2nd. Houghton Mifflin, Boston 1982
   Google Scholar
• Johnson PW, Feldman TB. Personality types and terrorism: Self-psychology perspectives. Forensic Reports 1992; 5: 293–303
   Google Scholar
• Jongman AJ. Political terrorism: A new guide to actors, authors, concepts, data bases, themes and literature. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 2005
   Google Scholar
• Kushner HW. Suicide bombers: Business as usual. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 1996; 19: 329–337
   Google Scholar
• Lanning K. Reflections on September 11th: Lessons from four psychological perspectives. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2002; 4: 27–34
   Google Scholar
• Lerner MJ. The belief in a just world: A fundamental delusion. Plenum, New York 1980
   Google Scholar
• LeVine RA, Campbell DT. Ethnocentrism: Theories of conflict, Ethnic Attitudes, and Group Behaviour. John wiley & Sons, New York 1972
   Google Scholar
• Lewis CA, Mullan M, Quigley CF. Martyrdom, terrorism and beliefs in Northern Ireland. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, MB Rogers, CA Lewis, KM Loewenthal, M Cinnirella, R Amlôt &H Ansari, 2006, Proceedings of the British Psychological Society seminar series aspects of terrorism and martyrdom, eCOMMUNITY
   Google Scholar
• Loevinger J. Ego development: conceptions and theories. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco 1976
   Google Scholar
• McTernan O. Violence in God's name: Religion in the age of conflict. Todd, London: Dartman, Longman 2003
   Google Scholar
• Moghadam A. Suicide terrorism, occupation, and the globalization of martyrdom: A critique of Dying to Win. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 2006; 29: 707–729
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pape RA. The strategic logic of suicide terrorism. American Political Science Review 2003; 97: 343–361
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pape RA. Dying to win: The strategic logic of suicide terrorism. Random House, New York 2005
   Google Scholar
• Post JM. Terrorist psycho-logic: Terrorist behaviour as a product of psychological forces. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind, W Reich. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD 1998; 25–40
   Google Scholar
• Rapoport DC. Sacred terror: A contemporary example from Islam. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind, W Reich. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD 1998; 103–130
   Google Scholar
• Rasch W. Psychological dimensions of political terrorism in the Federal Republic of Germany. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 1979; 2: 79–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reich W. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD 1998
   Google Scholar
• Rogers P. Personal commentary during climate change: The global security impact. RUSI, London 24th January, 2006, Repeated with permission(2006)
   Google Scholar
• Ruby CL. Are terrorists mentally deranged?. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2002; 2: 15–26
   Google Scholar
• Sherif M. In common predicament: Social psychology of intergroup conflict and cooperation. Houghton-Mifflin, Boston, MA 1966
   Google Scholar
• Silke A. Chesire-cat logic: The recurring theme of terrorist abnormality in psychological research. Psychology, Crime and Law 1998; 4: 51–69
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silke A. Terrorists, victims and society: Psychological perspectives on terrorism and its consequences. Wiley, Chichester, UK 2003
   Google Scholar
• Silke A. The role of the organisation in suicide terrorism. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, MB Rogers, C. A Lewis, KM Loewenthal, M Cinnirella, R Amlôt &, H Ansari, 2006, Proceedings of the British Psychological Society Seminar Series Aspects of Terrorism and Martyrdom, eCOMMUNITY.
   Google Scholar
• Smith MB. The authoritarian personality: A re-review 46 years later. Political Psychology 1997; 18: 159–163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steven GCS. The relationship between religious beliefs and motivation to join a terrorist group. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, MB Rogers, CA Lewis, KM Loewenthal, M Cinnirella, R Amlôt &, H Ansari, 2006, Proceedings of the British Psychological Society Seminar Series Aspects of Terrorism and Martyrdom, eCOMMUNITY
   Google Scholar
• Streib H. A faith-developmental perspective on fundamentalism. Society for the Scientific Study of Religion Annual Meeting. 2002
   Google Scholar
• Sumner WG, Folkways. Boston MA: Ginn, Hewstone M, Cairns E. Social psychology and intergroup conflict. Ethnopolitical warfare: Causes, consequences and possible solutions, D Chirot, MEP Seligman. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC 2001; 319–342
   Google Scholar
• Tajfel H, Turner JC. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. The social psychology of intergroup relations, WG Austin, S Worchel. Brooks/Cole, Monterey, CA 1979; 33–47
   Google Scholar
• Taylor M, Horgan J. The psychological and behavioural bases of Islamic fundamentalism. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, MB Rogers, CA Lewis, KM Loewenthal, M Cinnirella, R Amlôt &, H Ansari, 2006, Proceedings of the British Psychological Society Seminar Series Aspects of Terrorism and Martyrdom, eCOMMUNITY
   Google Scholar
• Von Hippel K. The roots of terrorism: Probing the myths. The Political Quarterly 2002; 73: 25–39
   Google Scholar
• Whittaker D. The terrorism reader2nd. Routledge, London 2003
   Google Scholar