Mental health and well-being of LGBTQ+ people during the COVID-19 pandemic

References

• Bridgland, V. M. E., Moeck, E. K., Green, D. M., Swain, T. L., Nayda, D. M., Matson, L. A., Hutchison, N. P., & Takarangi, M. K. T. (2021). Why the COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic stressor. PLoS One, 16(1), e0240146. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baams, L. (2018). Disparities for LGBT Q and gender nonconforming adolescents. Pediatrics, 141(5), e20173004.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, S. (2020). Perinatal mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 333–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20779
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant, R. A. (2019). Post-traumatic stress disorder: A state-of-the-art review of evidence and challenges. World Psychiatry, 18(3), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Candrian, C., & Cloyes, K. G. (2021). “She’s dying and I can’t say we’re married?”: End-of-life care for LGBT older adults. The Gerontologist, 61(8), 1197–1201. Nov 15 https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandra, P. S., & Nanjundaswamy, M. H. (2020). Pregnancy specific anxiety: An under-recognized problem. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 336–337. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlen, S., Connolly, D., Arif, I., Junejo, M. H., Bewley, S., & Meads, C. (2021). International clinical practice guidelines for gender minority/trans people: Systematic review and quality assessment. BMJ Open, 11(4), e048943. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048943
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Onofrio, B., & Emery, R. (2019). Parental divorce or separation and children’s mental health. World Psychiatry, 18(1), 100–101. Feb https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte, C. S., Monk, C., Weissman, M. M., & Posner, J. (2020). Intergenerational psychiatry: A new look at a powerful perspective. World Psychiatry, 19(2), 175–176. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elbogen, E. B., Lanier, M., Blakey, S. M., Wagner, H. R., & Tsai, J. (2021). Suicidal ideation and thoughts of self-harm during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of COVID-19-related stress, social isolation, and financial strain. Depress Anxiety, 2021, 23162. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23162
   Google Scholar
• Fish, J. N., McInroy, L. B., Paceley, M. S., Williams, N. D., Henderson, S., Levine, D. S., & Edsall, R. N. (2020). “I’m kinda stuck at home with unsupportive parents right now”: LGBTQ youths’ experiences with COVID-19 and the importance of online support. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(3), 450–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.06.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frost, D. M., Lehavot, K., & Meyer, I. H. (2015). Minority stress and physical health among sexual minority individuals. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 38(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-013-9523-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghebreyesus, T. A. (2020). Addressing mental health needs: An integral part of COVID-19 response. World Psychiatry, 19, 129–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glover, V. (2020). Prenatal mental health and the effects of stress on the foetus and the child. Should psychiatrists look beyond mental disorders? World Psychiatry, 19(3), 331–332. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzales, G., Loret de Mola, E., Gavulic, K. A., McKay, T., & Purcell, C. (2020). Mental health needs among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(5), 645–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, M. F., Lee, J., & Wynn, J. K. (2020). Experimental approaches to social disconnection in the general community: Can we learn from schizophrenia research? World Psychiatry, 19(2), 177–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafford-Letchfield, T., Toze, M., & Westwood, S. (2021). Unheard voices: A qualitative study of LGBT + older people experiences during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Health Soc Care Community, 2021, 13531. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13531
   Google Scholar
• Hodgkin, D., Moscarelli, M., Rupp, A., & Zuvekas, S. H. (2020). Mental health economics: Bridging research, practice and policy. World Psychiatry, 19(2), 258–259. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorm, A. F., Kitchener, B. A., & Reavley, N. J. (2019). Mental Health First Aid training: Lessons learned from the global spread of a community education program. World Psychiatry, 18(2), 142–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamal, K., Li, J. J., Hahm, H. C., & Liu, C. H. (2021). Psychiatric impacts of the COVID-19 global pandemic on U.S. sexual and gender minority young adults. Psychiatry Research, 299, 113855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karatzias, T., Shevlin, M., Hyland, P., Ben-Ezra, M., Cloitre, M., Owkzarek, M., & McElroy, E. (2020). The network structure of ICD-11 complex post-traumatic stress disorder across different traumatic life events. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 400–401. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20795
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato, T. A., Kanba, S., & Teo, A. R. (2020). Defining pathological social withdrawal: Proposed diagnostic criteria for hikikomori. World Psychiatry, 19(1), 116–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman, K., Petkova, E., Bhui, K., & Schulze, T. (2020). A global needs assessment in times of a global crisis: World psychiatry response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Bjpsych Open, 6(3), E48. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinser, P. A., Jallo, N., Amstadter, A. B., Thacker, L. R., Jones, E., Moyer, S., Rider, A., Karjane, N., & Salisbury, A. L. (2021). Depression, anxiety, resilience, and coping: The experience of pregnant and new mothers during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Women’s Health, 30(5), 654–664. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp, M., & Wong, G. (2020). Economics and mental health: The current scenario. World Psychiatry, 19(1), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krystal, A. D., Prather, A. A., & Ashbrook, L. H. (2019). The assessment and management of insomnia: An update. World Psychiatry, 18(3), 337–352. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurencin, C. T., & McClinton, A. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic: A call to action to identify and address racial and ethnic disparities. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 7(3), 398–402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-020-00756-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., Yang, Z., Qiu, H., Wang, Y., Jian, L., Ji, J., & Li, K. (2020). Anxiety and depression among general population in China at the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic. World Psychiatry, 19(2), 249–250. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magson, N. R., Freeman, J. Y. A., Rapee, R. M., Richardson, C. E., Oar, E. L., & Fardouly, J. (2021). Risk and protective factors for prospective changes in adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 50(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01332-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marazziti, D., & Stahl, S. M. (2020). The relevance of COVID-19 pandemic to psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 19(2), 261–261. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattei, G., Russo, T., Addabbo, T., & Galeazzi, G. M. (2021). The COVID-19 recession might increase discriminating attitudes toward LGBT people and mental health problems due to minority stress. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 67(4), 400–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020960770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, K. H., Bradford, J. B., Makadon, H. J., Stall, R., Goldhammer, H., & Landers, S. (2008). Sexual and gender minority health: What we know and what needs to be done. American Journal of Public Health, 98(6), 989–995. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.127811
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McConnell, E. A., Janulis, P., Phillips, G., 2nd, Truong, R., & Birkett, M. (2018). Multiple minority stress and LGBT community resilience among sexual minority men. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000265
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCracken, L. M., Badinlou, F., Buhrman, M., & Brocki, K. C. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 in the Swedish population: Depression, anxiety, and insomnia and their associations to risk and vulnerability factors. European Psychiatry, 63(1), e81. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGowan, V. J., Lowther, H. J., & Meads, C. (2021). Life under COVID-19 for LGBT + people in the UK: Systematic review of UK research on the impact of COVID-19 on sexual and gender minority populations. BMJ Open, 11(7), e050092. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntyre, R. S., & Lee, Y. (2020). Preventing suicide in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. World Psychiatry, 19(2), 250–251. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20767
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miklitz, C., Westerteicher, C., Lippold, S., Ochs, L., Schneider, A., & Fliessbach, K. (2021). The impact of COVID-19-related distress on levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life in psychogeriatric patients. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2021, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-021-01340-1
   Google Scholar
• Mirabella, M., Senofonte, G., Giovanardi, G., Lingiardi, V., Fortunato, A., Lombardo, F., & Speranza, A. M. (2021). Psychological well-being of trans* people in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic: Critical issues and personal experiences. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 14, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-021-00633-3
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, K. J., Ybarra, M. L., Banyard, V., Goodman, K. L., & Jones, L. M. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceptions of health and well-being among sexual and gender minority adolescents and emerging adults. LGBT Health, 2021, 238. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2021.0238
   Google Scholar
• Morina, N., & Sterr, T. N. (2019). Lack of evidence for the efficacy of psychotherapies for PTSD and depression in child and adolescent refugees. World Psychiatry, 18(1), 107–108. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrucco, F., Gavelli, F., Fagoonee, S., Solidoro, P., Undas, A., & Pellicano, R. (2021). Current treatment challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic. Polish Archives of Internal Medicine, 131(9), 854–861. https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.16077
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rooksby, M., Furuhashi, T., & McLeod, H. J. (2020). Hikikomori: A hidden mental health need following the COVID-19 pandemic. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 399–400. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rovetta, A., & Bhagavathula, A. S. (2020). COVID-19-related web search behaviors and infodemic attitudes in Italy: Infodemiological study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(2), e19374. https://doi.org/10.2196/19374
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sanchez-Gomez, M., Giorgi, G., Finstad, G. L., Urbini, F., Foti, G., Mucci, N., Zaffina, S., & León-Perez, J. M. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic as a traumatic event and its associations with fear and mental health: A cognitive-activation approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(14), 7422. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos, G. M., Ackerman, B., Rao, A., Wallach, S., Ayala, G., Lamontage, E., Garner, A., Holloway, I. W., Arreola, S., Silenzio, V., Strömdahl, S., Yu, L., Strong, C., Adamson, T., Yakusik, A., Doan, T., Huang, P., Cerasuolo, D., Bishop, A., & Howe, S. (2020). Economic, mental health, HIV prevention and HIV treatment impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 response on a global sample of cisgender gay men and other men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav, 2020, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02969-0
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, A. J., & Subramanyam, M. A. (2020). A cross-sectional study of psychological wellbeing of Indian adults during the Covid-19 lockdown: Different strokes for different folks. PLoS One, 15(9), e0238761. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238761
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha, M., Collins, P., & Herrman, H. (2019). Collective action for young people’s mental health: The citiesRISE experience. World Psychiatry, 18(1), 114–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20615
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomou, I., & Constantinidou, F. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and compliance with precautionary measures: Age and sex matter. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 4924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144924
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Squeglia, L. M. (2020). Alcohol and the developing adolescent brain. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 393–394. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton, M. C., Ali, S., & Chaudhuri, S. (2017). Individual, social and community-level predictors of wellbeing in a US sample of transgender and gender non-conforming individuals. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 19(1), 32–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2016.1189596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart, D. E., & Appelbaum, P. S. (2020). COVID-19 and psychiatrists’ responsibilities: A WPA position paper. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 406–407. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suen, Y., Chan, R., & Wong, E. (2020). Effects of general and sexual minority-specific COVID-19-related stressors on the mental health of Lesbian, gay, and bisexual people in Hong Kong. Psychiatry Res, 292, 113365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torres, J. L., Gonçalves, G. P., Pinho, A. A., & Souza, M. H. D. N. (2021). The Brazilian LGBT + Health Survey: Methodology and descriptive results. Cadernos de Saude Publica, 37(9), e00069521. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00069521 PMID: 34669766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twenge, J. M., & Joiner, T. E. (2020). Mental distress among U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(12), 2170–2182. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyrer, P. (2020). COVID-19 health anxiety. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 307–308. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unützer, J., Kimmel, R. J., & Snowden, M. (2020). Psychiatry in the age of COVID-19. World Psychiatry, 19(2), 130–131. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Q., Xu, R., & Volkow, N. D. (2021). Increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality in people with mental disorders: Analysis from electronic health records in the United States. World Psychiatry, 20(1), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserman, D., Iosue, M., Wuestefeld, A., & Carli, V. (2020). Adaptation of evidence-based suicide prevention strategies during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. World Psychiatry, 19(3), 294–306. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westwood, S., Hafford-Letchfield, T., & Toze, M. (2021). Physical and mental well-being, risk and protective factors among older lesbians/gay women in the United Kingdom during the initial COVID-19 2020 lockdown. Journal of Women & Aging, 6, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2021.1965456
   Google Scholar
• Whitley, R., Shepherd, G., & Slade, M. (2019). Recovery colleges as a mental health innovation. World Psychiatry, 18(2), 141–142. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar