PTSD trajectories across different mental disorders in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a naturalistic, longitudinal, multicenter study

References

• Adhanom Ghebreyesus, T. (2020). Addressing mental health needs: an integral part of COVID-19 response. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 19(2), 129–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Armenian, H. K., Morikawa, M., Melkonian, A. K., Hovanesian, A. P., Haroutunian, N., Saigh, P. A., Akiskal, K., & Akiskal, H. S. (2000). Loss as a determinant of PTSD in a cohort of adult survivors of the 1988 earthquake in Armenia: implications for policy. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 102(1), 58–64. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.102001058.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armitage, C. J., Dawes, P., & Munro, K. J. (2022). Prevalence and correlates of COVID-19-related traumatic stress symptoms among older adults: A national survey. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 147, 190–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, E. A., Simonsen, C., Aminoff, S. R., Hegelstad, W. T. V., Lagerberg, T. V., Melle, I., Mork, E., & Romm, K. L. (2022). The COVID-19 pandemic impact on wellbeing and mental health in people with psychotic and bipolar disorders. Brain and Behavior, 12(5), e2559. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benatti, B., Albert, U., Maina, G., Fiorillo, A., Celebre, L., Girone, N., Fineberg, N., Bramante, S., Rigardetto, S., & Dell’Osso, B. (2020). What happened to patients with obsessive compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic? A multicentre report from tertiary clinics in northern Italy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 720. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00720
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benke, C., Autenrieth, L. K., Asselmann, E., & Pané-Farré, C. A. (2022). One year after the COVID-19 outbreak in Germany: long-term changes in depression, anxiety, loneliness, distress and life satisfaction. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 29, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-022-01400-0
   Google Scholar
• Benke, C., Autenrieth, L. K., Asselmann, E., & Pané-Farré, C. A. (2020). Lockdown, quarantine measures, and social distancing: Associations with depression, anxiety and distress at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults from Germany. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113462
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bortolato, B., Köhler, C. A., Evangelou, E., León-Caballero, J., Solmi, M., Stubbs, B., Belbasis, L., Pacchiarotti, I., Kessing, L. V., Berk, M., Vieta, E., & Carvalho, A. F. (2017). Systematic assessment of environmental risk factors for bipolar disorder: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Bipolar Disorders, 19(2), 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12490
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant, R. A. (2022). Post-traumatic stress disorder as moderator of other mental health conditions. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 21(2), 310–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmassi, C., Stratta, P., Massimetti, G., Bertelloni, C. A., Conversano, C., Cremone, I. M., Miccoli, M., Baggiani, A., Rossi, A. & Dell’Osso, L. (2014). New DSM-5 maladaptive symptoms in PTSD: gender differences and correlations with mood spectrum symptoms in a sample of high school students following survival of an earthquake. Ann Gen Psychiatry, 13:28. doi: 10.1186/s12991-014-0028-9
   Google Scholar
• Carmassi, C., Bertelloni, C. A., Massimetti, G., Miniati, M., Stratta, P., Rossi, A., & Dell Osso, L. (2015). Impact of DSM-5 PTSD and gender on impaired eating behaviors in 512 Italian earthquake survivors. Psychiatry Res. 2
   Google Scholar
• Carmassi, C., Bertelloni, C. A., Dell’Oste, V., Barberi, F. M., Maglio, A., Buccianelli, B., Cordone, A., & Dell’Osso, L. (2020). Tele-Psychiatry Assessment of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in 100 Patients With Bipolar Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Social-Distancing Measures in Italy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 580736. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580736
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmassi, C., Cordone, A., Bertelloni, C. A., Cappelli, A., Pedrinelli, V., Sampogna, G., Massimetti, G., Dell’Oste, V., & Dell’Osso, L. (2022). A longitudinal study of post-traumatic stress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms trajectories in subjects with bipolar disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Psychiatry : The Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 65(1), e8. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmassi, C., Dell’Osso, L., Bertelloni, C. A., Pedrinelli, V., Dell'Oste, V., Cordone, A., Ruggeri, M., Schimmenti, S., Bonetto, C., & Tosato, S. (2022). Three-month follow-up study of mental health outcomes after a national COVID-19 lockdown: comparing patients with mood or anxiety disorders living in an area with a higher versus lower infection incidence. J Clin Psychiatry, 83(2), 21m14172. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.21m14172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castellini, G., Rossi, E., Cassioli, E., Sanfilippo, G., Innocenti, M., Gironi, V., Silvestri, C., Voller, F., & Ricca, V. (2021). A longitudinal observation of general psychopathology before the COVID-19 outbreak and during lockdown in Italy. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 141, 110328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dell’Osso, L., Stratta, P., Conversano, C., Massimetti, E., Akiskal, K. K., Akiskal, H. S., Rossi, A., Carmassi, C., (2014). Lifetime mania is related to post-traumatic stress symptoms in high school students exposed to the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake. Compr Psychiatry 55(2):357–362. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.08.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devoe, J. D., Han, A., Anderson, A., Katzman, D. K., Patten, S. B., Soumbasis, A., Flanagan, J., Paslakis, G., Vyver E., Marcoux, G., Dimitropoulos, G. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders: A systematic review. Int J Eat Disord, 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23704
   Google Scholar
• Dell’Osso, L., Carmassi, C., Rucci, P., Ciapparelli, A., Paggini, R., Ramacciotti, C. E., Conversano, C., Balestrieri, M., & Marazziti, D. (2009). Lifetime subthreshold mania is related to suicidality in posttraumatic stress disorder. CNS Spectrums, 14(5), 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900025426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dell’Osso, L., Carmassi, C., Rucci, P., Conversano, C., Shear, M. K., Calugi, S., Maser, J. D., Endicott, J., Fagiolini, A., & Cassano, G. B. (2009). A multidimensional spectrum approach to post-traumatic stress disorder: comparison between the Structured Clinical Interview for Trauma and Loss Spectrum (SCI-TALS) and the Self-Report instrument (TALS-SR). Comprehensive Psychiatry, 50(5), 485–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.11.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eskelinen, S., Sailas, E., Joutsenniemi, K., Holi, M., Koskela, T. H., & Suvisaari, J. (2017). Multiple physical healthcare needs among outpatients with schizophrenia: findings from a health examination study. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 71(6), 448–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2017.1319497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiorenzato, E., & Cona, G. (2022). One-year into COVID-19 pandemic: Decision-making and mental-health outcomes and their risk factors. Journal of Affective Disorders, 309, 418–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European Psychiatry : The Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 63(1), e32. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiorillo, A., Sampogna, G., Giallonardo, V., Del Vecchio, V., Luciano, M., Albert, U., Carmassi, C., Carrà, G., Cirulli, F., Dell’Osso, B., Nanni, M. G., Pompili, M., Sani, G., Tortorella, A., & Volpe, U. (2020). Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network. European Psychiatry : The Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 63(1), e87. Published 2020 Sep 28. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First, M. B., Williams, J. B. W., Karg, R. S., & Spitzer, R. L. (2016). User’s Guide for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders. Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV). American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Geddes, J. R. (2021). Learning from the global response to COVID-19 to accelerate innovation in mental health trials. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 20(3), 358–359. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20918
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gesi, C., Carmassi, C., Cerveri, G., Carpita, B., Cremone, I. M., & Dell’Osso, L. (2020). Complicated Grief: What to Expect After the Coronavirus Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 489. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-Blanco, L., Dal Santo, F., García-Álvarez, L., de la Fuente-Tomás, L., Moya Lacasa, C., Paniagua, G., Sáiz, P. A., García-Portilla, M. P., & Bobes, J. (2020). COVID-19 lockdown in people with severe mental disorders in Spain: Do they have a specific psychological reaction compared with other mental disorders and healthy controls? Schizophrenia Research, 223, 192–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2020.07.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gradus, J. L., Rosellini, A. J., & Szentkúti, P. (2022). Pre-trauma predictors of severe psychiatric comorbidity 5 years following traumatic experiences. International Journal of Epidemiology. 18, dyac030. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac030
   Google Scholar
• Haghshomar, M., Shobeiri, P., Brand, S., Rossell, S. L., Akhavan Malayeri, A., & Rezaei, N. (2022). Changes of symptoms of eating disorders (ED) and their related psychological health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Eating Disorders, 10(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-022-00550-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofer, A., Kachel, T., Plattner, B., Chernova, A., Conca, A., Fronthaler, M., Haring, C., Holzner, B., Huber, M., Marksteiner, J., Miller, C., Pardeller, S., Perwanger, V., Pycha, R., Schmidt, M., Sperner-Unterweger, B., Tutzer, F., & Frajo-Apor, B. (2022). Mental health in individuals with severe mental disorders during the covid-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation. Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany), 8(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-022-00225-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holt-Lunstad, J. (2021). A pandemic of social isolation? World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 20(1), 55–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20839
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karantonis, J. A., Rossell, S. L., Berk, M., & Van Rheenen, T. E. (2021). The mental health and lifestyle impacts of COVID-19 on bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 442–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khraisat, B. R., Al-Jeady, A. M., Alqatawneh, D. A., Toubasi, A. A., & AlRyalat, S. A. (2022). The prevalence of mental health outcomes among eating disorder patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 48, 141–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koenen, K. C., Ratanatharathorn, A., Ng, L., McLaughlin, K. A., Bromet, E. J., Stein, D. J., Karam, E. G., Meron Ruscio, A., Benjet, C., Scott, K., Atwoli, L., Petukhova, M., Lim, C. C. W., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Al-Hamzawi, A., Alonso, J., Bunting, B., Ciutan, M., de Girolamo, G., … Kessler, R. C. (2017). Posttraumatic stress disorder in the World Mental Health Surveys. Psychological Medicine, 47(13), 2260–2274. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kok, A. A. L., Pan, K.-Y., Rius-Ottenheim, N., Jörg, F., Eikelenboom, M., Horsfall, M., Luteijn, R., van Oppen, P., Rhebergen, D., Schoevers, R. A., Giltay, E. J., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2022). Mental health and perceived impact during the first Covid-19 pandemic year: A longitudinal study in Dutch case-control cohorts of persons with and without depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders, 305, 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozloff, N., Mulsant, B. H., Stergiopoulos, V., & Voineskos, A. N. (2020). The COVID-19 global pandemic: implications for people with schizophrenia and related disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 46(4), 752–757. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., Yang, Z., Qiu, H., Wang, Y., Jian, L., Ji, J., & Li, K. (2020). Anxiety and depression among general population in China at the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 19(2), 249–250. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linde, E. S., Varga, T. V., & Clotworthy, A. (2022). Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 806872. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.806872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, C. H., Zhang, E., Wong, G. T. F., Hyun, S., & Hahm, H. C. (2020). Factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical implications for U.S. young adult mental health. Psychiatry Research, 290, 113172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCombie, C., Austin, A., Dalton, B., Lawrence, V., & Schmidt, U. (2020). Now It’s Just Old Habits and Misery"-Understanding the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on People With Current or Life-Time Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 589225. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.589225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mei, Q., Wang, F., Bryant, A., Wei, L., Yuan, X., & Li, J. (2021). Mental health problems among COVID-19 survivors in Wuhan, China. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 20(1), 139–140. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menculini, G., Tortorella, A., Albert, U., Carmassi, C., Carrà, G., Cirulli, F., Dell’Osso, B., Luciano, M., Nanni, M. G., Pompili, M., Sani, G., Volpe, U., Fiorillo, A., & Sampogna, G. (2021). Access to Mental Health Care during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET Multicentric Study. Brain Sciences, 11(11), 1413. Published 2021 Oct 26. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111413
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteleone, A. M. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders: A paradigm for an emotional post-traumatic stress model of eating disorders. European Neuropsychopharmacology : The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 51, 84–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.05.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mundt, J. C., Marks, I. M., Shear, M. K., & Greist, J. H. (2002). The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning. The British Journal of Psychiatry : The Journal of Mental Science, 180, 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.180.5.461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norrholm, S. D., Zalta, A., Zoellner, L., Powers, A., Tull, M. T., Reist, C., Schnurr, P. P., Weathers, F., & Friedman, M. J. (2021). Does COVID-19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis. Depression and Anxiety, 38(9), 882–885. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan, L., Xu, Q., Kuang, X., Zhang, X., Fang, F., Gui, L., Li, M., Tefsen, B., Zha, L., & Liu, H. (2021). Prevalence and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder in healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Psychiatry, 21(1), 572. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03589-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2021). Psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairment in "Long COVID": the relevance of immunopsychiatry. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 20(3), 357–358. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinkham, A. E., Ackerman, R. A., Depp, C. A., Harvey, P. D., & Moore, R. C. (2020). A Longitudinal Investigation of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Individuals with Pre-existing Severe Mental Illnesses. Psychiatry Research, 294, 113493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113493
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, K., & Chan, D. (2021). The emergence of cognitive COVID. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 20(1), 52–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogowska, A. M., Ochnik, D., Kuśnierz, C., Jakubiak, M., Schütz, A., Held, M. J., Arzenšek, A., Benatov, J., Berger, R., Korchagina, E. V., Pavlova, I., Blažková, I., Konečná, Z., Aslan, I., Çınar, O., & Cuero-Acosta, Y. A. (2021). Satisfaction with life among university students from nine countries: Cross-national study during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 2262. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12288-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampogna, G., Giallonardo, V., Del Vecchio, V., Luciano, M., Albert, U., Carmassi, C., Carrà, G., Cirulli, F., Dell’Osso, B., Menculini, G., Belvederi Murri, M., Pompili, M., Sani, G., Volpe, U., Bianchini, V., & Fiorillo, A. (2021). Loneliness in Young Adults During the First Wave of COVID-19 Lockdown: Results From the Multicentric COMET Study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 788139. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.788139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez-Guarnido, A. J., Huertas, P., Garcia-Solier, R., Solano, M., Díez, B., León, M., & Herruzo-Cabrera, J. (2021). risk factors for relapse in people with severe mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter retrospective study. Healthcare (Basel), 10(1), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010064
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shinn, A. K., & Viron, M. (2020). Perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic and individuals with serious mental illness. J Clin Psychiatry, 81(3), 20com13412. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.20com13412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solé, B., Verdolini, N., Amoretti, S., Montejo, L., Rosa, A. R., Hogg, B., Garcia-Rizo, C., Mezquida, G., Bernardo, M., Martinez-Aran, A., Vieta, E., & Torrent, C. (2021). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in Spain: comparison between community controls and patients with a psychiatric disorder. Preliminary results from the BRIS-MHC STUDY. Journal of Affective Disorders, 281, 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart, D. E., & Appelbaum, P. S. (2020). COVID-19 and psychiatrists’ responsibilities: a WPA position paper. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 19(3), 406–407. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, L. M. D., Millman, Z. B., Öngür, D., & Shinn, A. K. (2021). The intersection between childhood trauma, the COVID-19 pandemic, and trauma-related and psychotic symptoms in people with psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin Open, 2(1), sgab050. https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgab050
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Strelchuk, D., Hammerton, G., Wiles, N., Croft, J., Turner, K., Heron, J., & Zammit, S. (2020). PTSD as a mediator of the relationship between trauma and psychotic experiences. Psychological Medicine, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720004821
   Google Scholar
• Taipale, H., Tanskanen, A., Mehtälä, J., Vattulainen, P., Correll, C. U., & Tiihonen, J. (2020). 20-year follow-up study of physical morbidity and mortality in relationship to antipsychotic treatment in a nationwide cohort of 62,250 patients with schizophrenia (FIN20). World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 19(1), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20699
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unützer, J., Kimmel, R. J., & Snowden, M. (2020). Psychiatry in the age of COVID-19. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association, 19(2), 130–131. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Ameringen, M., Patterson, B., Turna, J., Lethbridge, G., Goldman Bergmann, C., Lamberti, N., Rahat, M., Sideris, B., Francisco, A. P., Fineberg, N., Pallanti, S., Grassi, G., Vismara, M., Albert, U., Gedanke Shavitt, R., Hollander, E., Feusner, J., Rodriguez, C. I., Morgado, P., & Dell’Osso, B. (2022). Obsessive-compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 149, 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Overmeire, R. (2020). The Methodological Problem of Identifying Criterion A Traumatic Events During the COVID-19 Era: A Commentary on Karatzias et al. (2020). Journal of Traumatic Stress, 33(5), 864–865. Epub 2020 Oct 2. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vindegaard, N., & Benros, M. E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 89, 531–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Q., Xu, R., & Volkow, N. D. (2021). Increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality in people with mental disorders: analysis from electronic health records in the United States. World Psychiatry : official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 20(1), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Kala, M. P., & Jafar, T. H. (2020). Factors associated with psychological distress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the predominantly general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS One, 15(12), e0244630. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, D. S., & Marmar, C. R. (1997). The impact of event scale – revised. In JP. Wilson, TM. Keane, (Ed.), Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD. (pp. 399–411). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yocum, A. K., Zhai, Y., McInnis, M. G., & Han, P. (2021). Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown impacts: A description in a longitudinal study of bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 1226–1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., Bao, X., Yan, J., Miao, H., & Guo, C. (2021). Anxiety and Depression in Chinese Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 697642. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.697642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar