Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for the treatment of skin and hair disorders: a review of literature

References

• O'Shea JJ, Schwartz DM, Villarino AV, et al. The JAK-STAT pathway: impact on human disease and therapeutic intervention. Annu Rev Med. 2015;66:311–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesu M, Laurence A, Kishore N, et al. Therapeutic targeting of Janus kinases. Immunol Rev. 2008 Jun;223:132–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roskoski R Jr, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Pharmacol Res. 2016;111:784–803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FDA: FDA approves Xeljanz for rheumatoid arthritis. [Internet]. Washington: US food and drug administration; 2012 Nov 6. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm327152.htm. Accessed November 25, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Verstovsek S, Kantarjian H, Mesa RA, et al. Safety and efficacy of INCB018424, a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, in myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:1117–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cosgrove SB, Wren JA, Cleaver DM, et al. Efficacy and safety of oclacitinib for the control of pruritus and associated skin lesions in dogs with canine allergic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol. 2013;24:479–e114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FDA: Apoquel oclacitinib tablet dogs. Freedom of information summary: original new animal drug application. NADA 141-345. 2013 [Internet]. Washington: US food and drug administration; 2012 Nov 7. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/Products/ApprovedAnimalDrugProducts/FOIADrugSummaries/UCM338132.pdf. Accessed November 25, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Van de Kerkhof PC. An update on topical therapies for mild-moderate psoriasis. Dermatol Clin. 2015;33:73–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrés RM, Hald A, Johansen C, et al. Studies of Jak/STAT3 expression and signalling in psoriasis identifies STAT3-Ser727 phosphorylation as a modulator of transcriptional activity. Exp Dermatol. 2013;22:323–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alves de Medeiros AK, Speeckaert R, Desmet E, et al. JAK3 as an Emerging Target for Topical Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0164080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Lernia V, Bardazzi F. Profile of tofacitinib citrate and its potential in the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:533–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu L, Armstrong AW. JAK inhibitors: treatment efficacy and safety profile in patients with psoriasis. J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:283617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghoreschi K, Gadina M. Jakpot! New small molecules in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Exp Dermatol. 2014;23:7–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz DM, Bonelli M, Gadina M, et al. Type I/II cytokines, JAKs, and new strategies for treating autoimmune diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016;12:25–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz-Ibáñez K, Alsina MM, Muñoz-Santos C. Tofacitinib and other kinase inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2013;104:304–10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gadina M. Janus Kinases: an ideal target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2013; 16:S70–S2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boy MG, Wang C, Wilkinson BE, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study to evaluate the pharmacologic effect of CP-690,550 in patients with psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129:2299–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp KA, Menter A, Strober B, et al. Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in the treatment of psoriasis: a Phase 2b randomized placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167:668–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menter A, Papp KA, Tan H, et al. Efficacy of tofacitinib, an oral janus kinase inhibitor, on clinical signs of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in different body regions. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014;13:252–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bachelez H, van de Kerkhof PC, Strohal R, et al. Compare Investigators “Tofacitinib versus etanercept or placebo in moderate-tosevere chronic plaque psoriasis: a phase 3 randomised non-inferiority trial”. Lancet. 2015;386:552–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bissonnette R, Iversen L, Sofen H, et al. Tofacitinib withdrawal and retreatment in moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2015;172:1395–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp KA, Krueger JG, Feldman SR, et al. Tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis: Long-term efficacy and safety results from 2 randomized phase-III studies and 1 open-label long-term extension study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74:841–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ports WC, Khan S, Lan S, et al. A randomized phase 2a efficacy and safety trial of the topical Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib in the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2013;169:137–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ports WC, Feldman SR, Gupta P, et al. Randomized pilot clinical trial of tofacitinib solution for plaque psoriasis: challenges of the intra-subject study design. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015;14:777–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp KA, Bissonnette R, Gooderham M, et al. Treatment of plaque psoriasis with an ointment formulation of the Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib: a Phase 2b randomized clinical trial. BMC Dermatol. 2016;16:15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punwani N, Scherle P, Flores R, et al. Preliminary clinical activity of a topical JAK1/2 inhibitor in the treatment of psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67:658–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punwani N, Burn T, Scherle P, et al. Downmodulation of key inflammatory cell markers with a topical Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor. Br J Dermatol. 2015;173:989–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp K, Pariser D, Catlin M, et al. A phase 2a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, sequential dose-escalation study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ASP015K, a novel Janus kinase inhibitor, in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2015;173:767–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp KA, Menter MA, Raman M, et al. A randomized phase 2b trial of baricitinib, an oral Janus kinase (JAK) 1/JAK2 inhibitor, in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2016;174:1266–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firooz A, Davoudi SM, Farahmand AN, et al. Validation of the diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol. 1999;135:514–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bao L, Zhang H, Chan LS. The involvement of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in chronic inflammatory skin disease atopic dermatitis. Jakstat. 2013;2:e24137.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bissonnette R, Papp KA, Poulin Y, et al. Topical tofacitinib for atopic dermatitis: a phase IIa randomized trial. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175:902–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Baricitinib in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis [Internet]. Washington: U.S. National Institutes of Health; 2015 Oct 14; Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02576938. Accessed November 25, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Alkhalifah A, Alsantali A, Wang E, et al. Alopecia areata update: part II. Treatment J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62:191–202. quiz 203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firooz A, Firoozabadi MR, Ghazisaidi B, et al. Concepts of patients with alopecia areata about their disease. BMC Dermatol. 2005;5:1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harel S, Higgins CA, Cerise JE, et al. Pharmacologic inhibition of JAK-STAT signaling promotes hair growth. Sci Adv. 2015;1:e1500973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craiglow BG, King BA. Killing two birds with one stone: oral tofacitinib reverses alopecia universalis in a patient with plaque psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134:2988–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mrowietz U, Gerdes S, Gläser R, et al. Successful treatment of refractory alopecia areata universalis and psoriatic arthritis, but not of plaque psoriasis with tofacitinib in a young woman. Acta Derm Venereol. 2016. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.2340/00015555-2491.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jabbari A, Nguyen N, Cerise JE, et al. Treatment of an alopecia areata patient with tofacitinib results in regrowth of hair and changes in serum and skin biomarkers. Exp Dermatol. 2016;25:642–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing L, Dai Z, Jabbari A, et al. Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition. Nat Med. 2014;20:1043–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anzengruber F, Maul JT, Kamarachev J, et al. Transient efficacy of tofacitinib in alopecia areata universalis. Case Rep Dermatol. 2016;8:102–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta AK, Carviel JL, Abramovits W. Efficacy of tofacitinib in treatment of alopecia universalis in two patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30:1373–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy Crispin M, Ko JM, Craiglow BG, et al. Safety and efficacy of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib citrate in patients with alopecia areata. JCI Insight. 2016;1:e89776
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu LY, Craiglow BG, Dai F, King BA. Tofacitinib for the treatment of severe alopecia areata and variants: a study of 90 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76:22–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackay-Wiggan J, Jabbari A, Nguyen N, et al. Oral ruxolitinib induces hair regrowth in patients with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata. JCI Insight. 2016;1:e89790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jabbari A, Dai Z, Xing L, et al. Reversal of alopecia Areata following treatment with the JAK1/2 Inhibitor Baricitinib. EBioMedicine. 2015;2:351–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhayalan A, King BA. Tofacitinib citrate for the treatment of nail dystrophy associated with alopecia universalis. JAMA Dermatol. 2016;152:492–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaghoobi R, Omidian M, Bagherani N. Vitiligo: a review of the published work. J Dermatol. 2011;38:419–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firooz A, Bouzari N, Fallah, et al. What patients with vitiligo believe about their condition. Int J Dermatol. 2004;43:811–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rashighi M, Agarwal P, Richmond JM, et al. CXCL10 is critical for the progression and maintenance of depigmentation in a mouse model of vitiligo. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6:223ra23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craiglow BG, King BA. Tofacitinib citrate for the treatment of vitiligo: a pathogenesis-directed therapy. JAMA Dermatol. 2015;151:1110–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris JE, Rashighi M, Nguyen N. Rapid skin repigmentation on oral ruxolitinib in a patient with coexistent vitiligo and alopecia areata (AA). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74:370–1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov: Open Label Phase 2 Proof-of-concept Pilot Trial of Topical Ruxolitinib in Repigmenting Adult Patients with Vitiligo [Internet]. Washington: U.S. National Institutes of Health; 2015 Oct 14. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02809976. Accessed June 20, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Kao L, Chung L, Fiorentino DF. Pathogenesis of dermatomyositis: role of cytokines and interferon. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2011;13:225–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anyanwu CO, Fiorentino DF, Chung L, et al. Validation of the cutaneous dermatomyositis disease area and severity index: characterizing disease severity and assessing responsiveness to clinical change. Br J Dermatol. 2015;173:969–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hornung T, Janzen V, Heidgen FJ, et al. Remission of recalcitrant dermatomyositis treated with ruxolitinib. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:2537–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klaeschen AS, Wenzel J. Upcoming therapeutic targets in cutaneous lupus erythematous. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016;9:567–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonkoly E, Muller A, Lauerma AI, et al. IL-31: a new link between T cells and pruritus in atopic skin inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;117:411–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuyama T, Ehling S, Cook E, et al. Topically administered Janus-kinase inhibitors tofacitinib and oclacitinib display impressive antipruritic and anti-inflammatory responses in a model of allergic dermatitis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2015;354:394–405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyce EG, Vyas D, Rogan EL, et al. Impact of tofacitinib on patient outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis – review of clinical studies. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2016;7:1–12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maiga M, Lun S, Guo H, et al. Risk of tuberculosis reactivation with tofacitinib (CP-690550). J Infect Dis. 2012;205:1705–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strober B, Buonanno M, Clark JD, et al. Effect of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, on haematological parameters during 12 weeks of psoriasis treatment. Br J Dermatol. 2013 Nov;169:992–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FDA: Approval package for tofactinib, NDA 20-3214/S002 [Internet]. Washington: US food and drug administration; 2013 Nov 18. Available from: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2013/203214Orig1s002.pdf. Accessed November 25, 2016.
   Google Scholar