Saudi consensus statement on biologic treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis (2020)

References

• Christophers E. Psoriasis-epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2001;26(4):314–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parisi R, Symmons DP, Griffiths CE, et al. Global epidemiology of psoriasis: a systematic review of incidence and prevalence. J Invest Dermatol. 2013;133(2):377–385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rendon A, Schakel K. Psoriasis pathogenesis and treatment. IJMS. 2019;20(6):1475.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rachakonda TD, Schupp CW, Armstrong AW. Armstrong AW psoriasis prevalence among adults in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(3):512–516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langley RG, Krueger GG, Griffiths CE. Psoriasis: epidemiology, clinical features, and quality of life. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64(suppl_2):ii18–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim BR, Kang D, Kang M, et al. Risk of acute infections in patients with psoriasis: a nationwide population-based cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(3):764–766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furue M, Kadono T. Psoriasis: behind the scenes. J Dermatol. 2016;43(1):4–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong AW. Psoriasis. JAMA Dermatol. 2017;153(9):956.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Navarini AA, Trueb RM. [Psoriasis]. Ther Umsch. 2010;67(4):153–165.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hamadah IR, Al Raddadi AA, Bahamdan KA, et al. Saudi practical guidelines on biologic treatment of psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat. 2015;26(3):223–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nast A, Spuls PI, van der Kraaij G, et al. European S3-Guideline on the systemic treatment of psoriasis vulgaris – update Apremilast and Secukinumab – EDF in cooperation with EADV and IPC. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31(12):1951–1963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith CH, Jabbar-Lopez ZK, Yiu ZZ, et al. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for biologic therapy for psoriasis 2017. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(3):628–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menter A, Strober BE, Kaplan DH, et al. Joint AAD-NPF guidelines of care for the management and treatment of psoriasis with biologics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(4):1029–1072.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmets CA, Leonardi CL, Davis DMR, et al. Joint AAD-NPF guidelines of care for the management and treatment of psoriasis with awareness and attention to comorbidities. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(4):1073–1113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NICE Pathway Systemic biological therapy for psoriasis 2019. Available from: https://pathways.nice.org.uk/pathways/psoriasis (accessed December 2020).
   Google Scholar
• Amatore F, Villani AP, Tauber M, et al. Recommandations françaises sur l’utilisation des traitements systémiques chez les patients adultes atteints de psoriasis modéré à sévère [French guidelines on the use of systemic treatments for moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adults]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2019;146(6–7):429–439.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Humphrey-Murto S, Varpio L, Gonsalves C, et al. Using consensus group methods such as Delphi and Nominal Group in medical education research. Med Teach. 2017;39(1):14–19.   
   Google Scholar
• Mahil SK, Wilson N, Dand N, et al. Psoriasis treat to target: defining outcomes in psoriasis using data from a real-world, population-based cohort study (the British Association of Dermatologists Biologics and Immunomodulators Register, BADBIR). Br J Dermatol. 2020;182(5):1158–1166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Jahdali HH, Baharoon S, Abba AA, et al. Saudi guidelines for testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. Ann Saudi Med. 2010;30(1):38–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. WHO LTBI FAQs 2018 [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://wwwwhoint/tb/publications/2018/ltbi_faqspdf?ua=1
   Google Scholar
• Nast A, Jacobs A, Rosumeck S, et al. Methods report: European S3-guidelines on the systemic treatment of psoriasis vulgaris-update 2015-EDF in cooperation with EADV and IPC. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(12):e1–e22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Product Information. REMICADE lyophilized concentrate for intravenous injection, infliximab lyophilized concentrate for intravenous injection. Horsham (PA): Janssen Biotech, Inc (per FDA); 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. HUMIRA subcutaneous injection, adalimumab subcutaneous injection. North Chicago (IL): AbbVie Inc (per FDA); 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. CIMZIA subcutaneous injection, Certolizumab pegol subcutaneous injection. Smyrna (GA): UCB Inc (per manufacturer); 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. STELARA subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, ustekinumab subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection. Horsham (PA): Janssen Biotech Inc (per FDA); 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. COSENTYX subcutaneous injection, secukinumab subcutaneous injection. East Hanover (NJ): Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (per FDA); 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. TALTZ subcutaneous injection, ixekizumab subcutaneous injection. Indianapolis (IN): Eli Lilly and Company (per manufacturer); 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. TREMFYA subcutaneous injection, guselkumab subcutaneous injection. Horsham (PA): Janssen Biotech Inc (per FDA); 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. ILUMYA subcutaneous injection, tildrakizumab-ASMN subcutaneous injection. Whitehouse Station (NJ): Merck & Co Inc (per manufacturer); 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. SKYRIZI subcutaneous injection, risankizumab-RZAA subcutaneous injection. North Chicago (IL): AbbVie Inc (per FDA); 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Product Information. Enbrel subcutaneous injection solution, etanercept subcutaneous injection solution. Thousand Oaks (CA): Amgen Inc (per FDA); 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Series, Micromedex Healthcare Internet database USA Thomson Reuters (Healthcare) Inc. Available from: http://www.micromedexcom/products/hcs/ (accessed 2019)‏.
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Clinical guideline on psoriasis – assessment and management 2012 (updated 2017).
   Google Scholar
• Hsu S, Papp KA, Lebwohl MG, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of plaque psoriasis. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(1):95–102.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Furer V, Rondaan C, Heijstek MW, et al. 2019 update of EULAR recommendations for vaccination in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(1):39–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poelman SM, Keeling CP, Metelitsa AI. Practical guidelines for managing patients with psoriasis on biologics: an update. J Cutan Med Surg. 2019;23(1_suppl):3S–12s.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Al-Tawfiq JA, Memish ZA. The Hajj 2019 vaccine requirements and possible new challenges. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2019;9(3):147–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelfand JM, Armstrong AW, Bell S, et al. National Psoriasis Foundation COVID-19 Task Force guidance for management of psoriatic disease during the pandemic: version 2-advances in psoriatic disease management, COVID-19 vaccines, and COVID-19 treatments. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84(5):1254–1268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Product Information. REMSIMA lyophilized concentrate for intravenous injection, infliximab lyophilized concentrate for intravenous injection. Incheon, South Korea: Celltrion Healthcare Co Ltd; 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Pharmaceutical and herbal products list, Saudi food and drug authority. Available from: https://wwwsfdagovsa/ar/drug/search/Pages/defaultaspx
   Google Scholar
• Menter A, Tyring SK, Gordon K, et al. Adalimumab therapy for moderate to severe psoriasis: a randomized, controlled phase III trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(1):106–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon K, Papp K, Poulin Y, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis treated continuously over 3 years: results from an open-label extension study for patients from REVEAL. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;66(2):241–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottlieb AB, Blauvelt A, Thaçi D, et al. Certolizumab pegol for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis: results through 48 weeks from 2 phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled studies (CIMPASI-1 and CIMPASI-2). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;79(2):302–314.e6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonardi CL, Powers JL, Matheson RT, et al. Etanercept as monotherapy in patients with psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(21):2014–2022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonardi C, Strober B, Gottlieb AB, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of etanercept in patients with psoriasis: an open-label study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2010;9(8):928–937.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blauvelt A, Papp KA, Griffiths CE, et al. Efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an anti-interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody, compared with adalimumab for the continuous treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: results from the phase III, double-blinded, placebo- and active comparator-controlled VOYAGE 1 trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76(3):405–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reich K, Armstrong AW, Foley P, et al. Efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an anti-interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody, compared with adalimumab for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis with randomized withdrawal and retreatment: results from the phase III, double-blind, placebo- and active comparator-controlled VOYAGE 2 trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76(3):418–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reich K, Nestle FO, Papp K, et al. Infliximab induction and maintenance therapy for moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a phase III, multicentre, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2005;366(9494):1367–1374.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottlieb AB, Masud S, Ramamurthi R, et al. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic response to anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody (infliximab) treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48(1):68–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menter A, Feldman SR, Weinstein GD, et al. A randomized comparison of continuous vs. intermittent infliximab maintenance regimens over 1 year in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(1):31.e1–31.e315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker J, Hoffmann M, Wozel G, et al. Efficacy and safety of infliximab vs. methotrexate in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results of an open-label, active-controlled, randomized trial (RESTORE1). Br J Dermatol. 2011;165(5):1109–1117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths CE, Reich K, Lebwohl M, et al. Comparison of ixekizumab with etanercept or placebo in moderate-to-severe psoriasis (UNCOVER-2 and UNCOVER-3): results from two phase 3 randomised trials. Lancet. 2015;386(9993):541–551.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon KB, Strober B, Lebwohl M, et al. Efficacy and safety of risankizumab in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (UltIMMa-1 and UltIMMa-2): results from two double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled and ustekinumab-controlled phase 3 trials. Lancet. 2018;392(10148):650–661.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langley RG, Elewski BE, Lebwohl M, et al. Secukinumab in plaque psoriasis–results of two phase 3 trials. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(4):326–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langley RG, Lebwohl M, Krueger GG, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of ustekinumab, with and without dosing adjustment, in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis: results from the PHOENIX 2 study through 5 years of follow-up. Br J Dermatol. 2015;172(5):1371–1383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loos AM, Liu S, Segel C, et al. Comparative effectiveness of targeted immunomodulators for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;79(1):135–144.e7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansouri Y, Goldenberg G. Biologic safety in psoriasis: review of long-term safety data. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2015;8(2):30–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Loft ND, Vaengebjerg S, Halling AS, et al. Adverse events with IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase III studies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(6):1151–1160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis JR, Mariette X, Gaujoux-Viala C, et al. Long-term safety of certolizumab pegol in rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn's disease: a pooled analysis of 11,317 patients across clinical trials. RMD Open. 2019;5(1):e000942.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp K, Reich K, Leonardi CL, et al. Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: results of a phase III, randomized, controlled trial (efficacy and safety trial evaluating the effects of apremilast in psoriasis [ESTEEM] 1). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015;73(1):37–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rich P, Gooderham M, Bachelez H, et al. Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in patients with difficult-to-treat nail and scalp psoriasis: results of 2 phase III randomized, controlled trials (ESTEEM 1 and ESTEEM 2). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(1):134–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bissonnette R, Pariser DM, Wasel NR, et al. Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in the treatment of palmoplantar psoriasis: results of a pooled analysis from phase II PSOR-005 and phase III efficacy and safety trial evaluating the effects of apremilast in psoriasis (ESTEEM) clinical trials in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;75(1):99–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Product Information. OTEZLA oral tablets, apremilast. Thousand Oaks (CA): Amgen Inc; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Kerdel F, Zaiac M. An evolution in switching therapy for psoriasis patients who fail to meet treatment goals. Dermatol Ther. 2015;28(6):390–403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mrowietz U, de Jong EM, Kragballe K, et al. A consensus report on appropriate treatment optimization and transitioning in the management of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(4):438–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torii H, Nakano M, Yano T, et al. Efficacy and safety of dose escalation of infliximab therapy in Japanese patients with psoriasis: results of the SPREAD study. J Dermatol. 2017;44(5):552–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phung M, Georgakopoulos JR, Ighani A, et al. Secukinumab dose optimization in adult psoriasis patients: a retrospective, multicenter case series. JAAD Case Rep. 2018;4(4):310–313.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Langley RG, Papp K, Gooderham M, et al. Efficacy and safety of continuous every-2-week dosing of ixekizumab over 52 weeks in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in a randomized phase III trial (IXORA-P). Br J Dermatol. 2018;178(6):1315–1323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Bezooijen JS, van Doorn MBA, Schreurs MWJ, et al. Prolongation of biologic dosing intervals in patients with stable psoriasis: a feasibility study. Ther Drug Monit. 2017;39(4):379–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umezawa Y, Torisu-Itakura H, Morisaki Y, Japanese Ixekizumab Study Group, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety results from an open-label phase III study (UNCOVER-J) in Japanese plaque psoriasis patients: impact of treatment withdrawal and retreatment of ixekizumab. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(3):568–576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murase JE, Chan KK, Garite TJ, et al. Hormonal effect on psoriasis in pregnancy and post partum. Arch Dermatol. 2005;141(5):601–606.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Porter C, Armstrong-Fisher S, Kopotsha T, et al. Certolizumab pegol does not bind the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn): consequences for FcRn-mediated in vitro transcytosis and ex vivo human placental transfer. J Reprod Immunol. 2016;116:7–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaushik SB, Lebwohl MG. Psoriasis: Which therapy for which patient: focus on special populations and chronic infections. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(1):43–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flint J, Panchal S, Hurrell A, et al. BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding-part I: standard and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids. Rheumatology. 2016;55(9):1693–1697.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Product Information. STELARA subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, ustekinumab subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection. Janssen Biotech Inc (per EMA); 2020. Available from: https://wwwemaeuropaeu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/stelara
   Google Scholar
• Kaushik SB, Lebwohl MG. Psoriasis: which therapy for which patient: psoriasis comorbidities and preferred systemic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(1):27–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pouplard C, Brenaut E, Horreau C, et al. Risk of cancer in psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27(Suppl 3):36–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nast A, Gisondi P, Ormerod AD, et al. European S3-Guidelines on the systemic treatment of psoriasis vulgaris-update 2015-short version-EDF in cooperation with EADV and IPC. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(12):2277–2294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rennard SI, Fogarty C, Kelsen S, et al. The safety and efficacy of infliximab in moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175(9):926–934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez C, Emer J, Robinson JK. Perioperative management of medications for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a review for the dermasurgeon. Dermatol Surg. 2008;34(4):446–459. 200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bibbo C, Goldberg JW. Infectious and healing complications after elective orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery during tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibition therapy. Foot Ankle Int. 2004;25(5):331–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busti AJ, Hooper JS, Amaya CJ, et al. Effects of perioperative antiinflammatory and immunomodulating therapy on surgical wound healing. Pharmacotherapy. 2005;25(11):1566–1591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombel JF, Loftus EV Jr, Tremaine WJ, et al. Early postoperative complications are not increased in patients with Crohn's disease treated perioperatively with infliximab or immunosuppressive therapy. Am J Gastroenterology. 2004;99(5):878–883.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieringer H, Stuby U, Biesenbach G. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing surgery: how should we deal with antirheumatic treatment? Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2007;36(5):278–826.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• den Broeder AA, Creemers MC, Fransen J, et al. Risk factors for surgical site infections and other complications in elective surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with special attention for anti-tumor necrosis factor: a large retrospective study. J Rheumatol. 2007;34(4):689–695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntyre N. Clinical presentation of acute viral hepatitis. Br Med Bull. 1990;46(2):533–547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslanidis S, Vassiliadis T, Pyrpasopoulou A, et al. Inhibition of TNFalpha does not induce viral reactivation in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection: two cases. Clin Rheumatol. 2007;26(2):261–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez-Gallego M, Meca-Lallana J, Fernandez-Barreiro A. Multiple sclerosis onset during etanercept treatment. Eur Neurol. 2008;59(1–2):91–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemanetzoglou E, Andreadou E. CNS demyelination with TNF-α Blockers. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017;17(4):36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segal BM, Constantinescu CS, Raychaudhuri A, et al. Repeated subcutaneous injections of IL12/23 p40 neutralising antibody, ustekinumab, in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, dose-ranging study. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7(9):796–804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havrdová E, Belova A, Goloborodko A, et al. Activity of secukinumab, an anti-IL-17A antibody, on brain lesions in RRMS: results from a randomized, proof-of-concept study. J Neurol. 2016;263(7):1287–1295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong EJ, Harskamp CT, Armstrong AW. Psoriasis and major adverse cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. JAMA. 2013;2:e000062.
   Google Scholar
• Gulliver WP, Young HM, Bachelez H, et al. Psoriasis patients treated with biologics and methotrexate have a reduced rate of myocardial infarction: a collaborative analysis using international cohorts. J Cutan Med Surg. 2016;20(6):550–554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papp K, Gottlieb AB, Naldi L, et al. Safety surveillance for ustekinumab and other psoriasis treatments from the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR). J Drugs Dermatol. 2015;14:706–714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menter A, Gottlieb A, Feldman SR, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: section 1. Overview of psoriasis and guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis with biologics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(5):826–850.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai SB, Furst DE. Problems encountered during anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2006;20(4):757–790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai F, Li GG, Liu Q, et al. Short-term efficacy and safety of IL-17, IL-12/23, and IL-23 inhibitors brodalumab, secukinumab, ixekizumab, ustekinumab, guselkumab, tildrakizumab, and risankizumab for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Immunol Res. 2019;2019:2546161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanauer SB, Feagan BG, Lichtenstein GR, et al. Maintenance infliximab for Crohn's disease: the ACCENT I randomised trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9317):1541–1549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sands BE, Anderson FH, Bernstein CN, et al. Infliximab maintenance therapy for fistulizing Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(9):876–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanauer SB, Sandborn WJ, Rutgeerts P, et al. Human anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody (adalimumab) in Crohn's disease: the CLASSIC-I trial. Gastroenterology. 2006;130(2):323–591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandborn WJ, Lee SD, Randall C, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of certolizumab pegol in the treatment of Crohn's disease: 7-year results from the PRECiSE 3 study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014;40(8):903–916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandborn WJ, Hanauer SB, Katz S, et al. Etanercept for active Crohn's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology. 2001;121(5):1088–1094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feagan BG, Sandborn WJ, Gasink C, et al. Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(20):1946–1960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feagan BG, Sandborn WJ, D'Haens G, et al. Induction therapy with the selective interleukin-23 inhibitor risankizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study. Lancet. 2017;389(10080):1699–1709.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hueber W, Sands BE, Lewitzky S, et al. Secukinumab, a human anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody, for moderate to severe Crohn's disease: unexpected results of a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Gut. 2012;61(12):1693–1700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• An de Kerkhof PC, Griffiths CE, Reich K, et al. Secukinumab long-term safety experience: a pooled analysis of 10 phase II and III clinical studies in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;75(1):83–98.e4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon KB, Blauvelt A, Papp KA, et al. Phase 3 trials of ixekizumab in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(4):345–356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eich K, Leonardi C, Langley RG, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease among patients with psoriasis treated with ixekizumab: a presentation of adjudicated data from an integrated database of 7 randomized controlled and uncontrolled trials [published correction appears in J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Aug;77(2):390–390.e1]. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76(3):441–448.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wetter DA, Davis MD. Lupus-like syndrome attributable to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy in 14 patients during an 8-year period at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84(11):979–984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams EL, Gadola S, Edwards CJ. Anti-TNF-induced lupus. Rheumatology. 2009;48(7):716–720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winchester D, Duffin KC, Hansen C. Response to ustekinumab in a patient with both severe psoriasis and hypertrophic cutaneous lupus. Lupus. 2012;21(9):1007–1010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varada S, Gottlieb AB, Merola JF, et al. Treatment of coexistent psoriasis and lupus erythematosus. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015;72(2):253–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar