Biophysical Mechanism of Radiation Damage to Mammalian Cells by X- and γ-rays

References

• Adams G.E., Fielden E.M., Hardy C., Millar B.C., Stratford I.J., Williamson C. Radiosensitization of hypoxic mammalian cells in vitro by some 5-substituted-4-introimidazoles. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1981; 40: 153–161
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Ahmad K.O., Watt D.E. Stopping powers for low energy electrons (10keV) in solid polyethylene. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 1984; 17: 1899–1904
   Google Scholar
• Ashley J.C., Tung C.J., Ritchie R.H. Inelastic interactions of electrons with polystyrene: Calculations of mean free paths, stopping powers, and csda ranges. IEEE Transactions in Nuclear Science 1978; NS-25: 1566–1570
   Google Scholar
• Ben-Hur E., Elkind M.M., Bronk B.V. Thermally enhanced radioresponse of cultured Chinese hamster cells: Inhibition of repair of sublethal damage and enhancement of lethal damage. Radiation Research 1974; 58: 38–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blakely E.A., Tobias C.A., Yang C.H., Smith K.C., Lyman J.T. Inactivation of human kidney cells by high-energy monoenergetic heavy-ion beams. Radiation Research 1979; 80: 122–160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burki H.J., Carrano A.V. Relative radiosensitivities of tetraploid and diploid Chinese hamster cells in culture exposed to ionizing radiation. Mutation Research 1973; 17: 277–282
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Busse P.M., Bose S.K., Jones R.W., Tolmach L.J. The action of caffeine on x-irradiated HeLa cells. H. Synergistic lethality. Radiation Research 1977; 71: 666–677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannell R.J., Watt D.E. Biophysical mechanisms of damage by fast ions to mammalian cells in vitro. Physics in Medicine and Biology 1985; 30(3)255–258
   Google Scholar
• Chapman J.D., Webb R.G., Borsa J. Radiosensitization of mammalian cells by p-nitroacetophenone. I. Characterization in asynchronous and synchronous populations. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1971; 19: 561–573
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dikomey E. Effect of hyperthermia at 42 and 45°C on repair of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in CHO cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1982; 41: 603–614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djordjevic B. Modification of radiation response in HeLa cells by misonidazole. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 36: 601–612
   Google Scholar
• Djordjevic B., Kim J.H., Kim S.H. Modification of radiation response in synchronised HeLa cells by metabolic inhibitors. I. Effect of an inhibitor of RNA synthesis, puromycin aminonucleoside. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1968; 14: 1–7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elkind M.M., Sutton H. X-ray damage and recovery in mammalian cells in mammalian cells in culture. Nature 1959; 184: 1293–1295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodhead D.T., Thacker J. Inactivation and mutation of cultured mammalian cells by aluminium characteristic ultrasoft X-rays: I. Properties of aluminium X-rays and preliminary experiments with Chinese hamster cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1977; 31: 541–559
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodhead D.T., Thacker J., Cox R. Effectiveness of 0.3 keV carbon ultrasoft x-rays for the inactivation and mutation of cultured mammalian cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 36: 101–114
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gragg R.L., Humphrey R.M., Meyn R.E. The response of Chinese hamster ovary cells to fast neutron radiotherapy beams. I. Relative biological effectiveness and oxygen enhancement ratio. Radiation Research 1976; 65: 71–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamm R.N., Wright H.A., Katz R., Turner J., Ritchie R.H. Calculated yields and slowing-down spectra for electrons in liquid water: Implications for electron and photon RBE. Physics in Medicine and Biology 1978; 23(6)1149–1161
   Google Scholar
• Han A., Elkind M.M. Additive action of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations throughout the Chinese hamster cell-cycle. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1977; 31: 275–282
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris J.W., Power J.A., Kock C.J. Radiosensitization of hypoxic mammalian cells by diamide. I. Effects of experimental conditions on survival. Radiation Research 1975; 64: 270–280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iskef H., Cunningham J.W., Watt D.E. Project Projected ranges and effective stopping powers of electrons with energy between 20 eV and 10 keV. Physics in Medicine and Biology 1983; 28(5)535–545
   Google Scholar
• Kiefer J., Rase S., Schneider E., Stratten H., Kraft G., Liesem H. Heavy ion effects on yeast cells: Industion of canavanine-resistant mutants. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1982; 42: 591–600
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koch C.J., Kruuv J. The effect of extreme hypoxia on recovery after irradiation by synchronized mammalian cells. Radiation Research 1971; 48: 74–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehnert S. Modification of radiation response of CHO cells by 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine. 1. Reduction of Do. Radiation Research 1979; 78: 1–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Malone J.F., Foster C.J., Orr J.S., Solomonides E. The effects on the survival of HeLa S-3 cells of independent variations in the sizes of the first and the second X-ray dose in split dose experiments. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1971; 20: 225–231
   Google Scholar
• Malone J.F., Porter D., Hendry J.H. The r.b.e. of 60Co gamma rays with respect to 300 kVp X-rays for the survival of HeLa S-3 and CHO cells, irradiated in different states of proliferation. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1974; 26: 355–362
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGinnies R.T. Energy Spectrum Resulting from Electron Slowing Down. National Bureau of Standards Circular 597, Washington 1959
   Google Scholar
• McNally N.J. The effect of a change in radiation quality on the ability of electron affinic sensitizers to sensitize hypoxic cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1976; 29: 191–196
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaels H.B., Epp E.R., Ling C.C., Peterson E.C. Oxygen sensitization of CHO cells at ultrahigh dose rates: prelude to oxygen diffusion studies. Radiation Research 1978; 76: 510–521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millar B.C., Fielden E.M., Millar J.L. Interpretation of survival-curve data for Chinese hamster cells, line V-79 using the multi-target, multi-target with initial slope, and α, β equations. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1978; 33: 599–603
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murthy M.S.S., Deorukhakar V.V., Rao B.S. Hyperthermia inactivation of diploid yeast and the interaction of damage caused by hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 35: 333–341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngo F.Q.H., Blakely E.A., Tobias C.A. Sequential exposures of mammalian cells the low linear energy transfer and high linear energy transfer radiations: I. lethal effects following X-ray and neon ion irradiation. Radiation Research 1981; 87: 59–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngo F.Q.H., Han, Elkin M.M. On the repair of sub-lethal damage in V79 Chinese hamster cells resulting from irradiation with fast neutrons or fast neutrons combined with X-rays. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1977; 32: 507–511
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nias A.H.W., Ebert M. Effects of single and continuous irradiation of HeLa cells at -196°C. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1969; 16: 31–41
   Google Scholar
• Nias A.H.W., Greene D., Fox M., Thomas R.L. Effect of 14 MeV monoenergetic neutrons on HeLa and P388F cells in vitro. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1968; 13: 449–456
   Google Scholar
• Nias A.H.W., Swallow A.J., Keene J.P., Hodgson B.W. Absence of a fractionation effect in irradiated HeLa cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1973; 23: 559–569
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piro A.J., Taylor C.C., Belli J.A. Interaction between radiation and drug damage in mammalian cells. I. Delayed expression of actinomycin D/X-ray effects in exponential and plateau phase cells. Radiation Research 1975; 63: 346–362
   Google Scholar
• Raaphorst G.P., Dewey W.C. Fixation of potentially lethal radiation damage by post-irradiation exposure of Chinese hamster cells to 0·5 m or 1·5 m sodium chloride solutions. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 36: 303–315
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raaphorst G.P., Kruuv J. The radiation response of cultured mammalian V79-S171 cells exposed to a wide concentration range of sulphate salt solution. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1978; 33: 173–183
   Google Scholar
• Railton R., Lawson R.C., Porter D., Hannan W.J. Neutron spectrum dependence of r.b.e. and o.e.r. values. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1973; 23: 509–518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Railton R., Porter D., Lawson R.C., Hannan W.J. The oxygen enhancement ratio and relative biological effectiveness for combined irradiations of Chinese hamster cells by neutrons and γ-rays. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1974; 25: 121–127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao B.S., Hopwood L.E. Modification of mutation frequency in plateau phase Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to γ radiation during recovery from potentially lethal damage. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1982; 42: 501–508
   Google Scholar
• Schlag H., Lucke-Huhle C. The influence of ionization density on the DNA synthetic phase and survival of irradiated mammalian cells. International Journal of Radication Biology 1981; 40: 75–85
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlag H., Weibezàhn K.F., Lucke-Huhle C. Negative pion irradiation of mammalian cells. H. A comparative analysis of cell-cycle progression after exposure to π-mesons and cobalt γ-rays. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1978; 33: 1–10
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seelentag W.W., Panzer W., Drexler G., Platz L., Santner F. A catalogue of spectra used for the calibration of dosimeters. GSR Report 1979; S–560
   Google Scholar
• Seymour C.B., Mothersill C. The effect of lactate on the radiation response of CHO-K1 cells in culture. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1981; 40: 283–291
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skarsgard L.D., Kihlman B.A., Parker L., Pujara C.M., Richardson S. Survival, chromosome abnormalities, and recovery in heavy-ion and X-irradiated mammalian cells. Radiation Research 1967; 7: 208–221, Suppl.
   Google Scholar
• Thacker J., Stretch A., Stephens M.A. Mutation and inactivation of cultured mammalian cells exposed to beams of accelerated heavy ions. II. Chinese hamster V79 cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 36(2)137–148
   Google Scholar
• Todd P.W. Heavy ion irradiation of human and Chinese hamster cells in vitro. Radiation Research 1975; 61: 288–297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tung C.J., Chen P.J. Energy-loss and range stragglings for electrons in water. Proceedings of the Eighth Symposium on Microdosimetry, J. Booz, H.G. Ebert. Commission of the European Communities, Luxemburg 1982; 243–254
   Google Scholar
• Utsumi H., Elkind M.M. Potentially lethal damage qualitative differences between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation and implications for ‘single-hit’ killing. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 35: 373–380
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virsik R.P., Blohm R., Hermann K.-P., Modler H., Harder D. Chromosome aberrations and the mechanism of ‘primary lesion interaction’. Proceedings of the Eighth Symposium on Microdosimetry, J. Booz, H.G. Ebert. Commission of the European Communities, Luxemburg 1983; 8395–8395, 409–422.
   Google Scholar
• Waldren C.A., Rasko I. Caffeine enhancement of x-ray killing in cultured human and rodent cells. Radiation Research 1978; 73: 95–110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watt D.E., Cannell R.J., Thomas G.E. (1984) International Symposium on 3-day in depth review on the nuclear acelerator impact in the inter-disciplinary field. May–June, 30–1, P. Mazzoli, G. Moschini. Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (Padova), Italy
   Google Scholar
• Watt D.E., Al-Affan I.A.M., Chen C.Z., Thomas G.E. Identification of biophysical mechanisms of damage by ionising radiation. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 1985, in the press
   Google Scholar
• Zeitz L., Kim J.H., Detko J.F. Determination of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of soft x-rays. Radiation Research 1977; 70: 552–563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zermeno A., Cole A. Radiosensitive structure of metaphase and interphase hamster cells as studied by low-voltage electron beam irradiation. Radiation Research 1969; 39: 669–684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar