References
- Baumann E. Ueber cystin und cystein. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chemie 1883–4; 8: 299–305
- Biaglow J.E., Jacobson B., Varnes M.E., Held K.D. Cellular oxygen utilization and hypoxia: interaction of dithiols with cellular electron transfer systems. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Oxygen Transport to Tissue. Plenum Press, New York 1986; VIII: 591–601
- Bode V.C. Single-strand scissions induced in circular and linear γ DNA by the presence of dithiothreitol and other reducing agents. Journal of Molecular Biology 1967; 26: 125–129
- Bothe E., Behrens G., Bohm E., Sethuram B., Schulte-Frohlinde D. Hydroxyl radical-induced strand break formation of poly (U) in the presence of oxygen: comparison of the rates as determined by conductivity, e.s.r. and rapid-mix experiments with a thiol. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1986; 49: 57–66
- Claycamp H.G. Dithiothreitol-induced oxidative damage to thymine and DNA in solution. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1987; 144: 432–437
- Claycamp H.G., Ludwig B.R. Simplified monitoring of reduced and oxidized dithiothreitol using high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography, Biomedical Applications 1987; 422: 239–245
- Halliwell B., Gutteridge J.M.C. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1985
- Harman A.W., Self G. Comparison of the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine, 2-mercaptopropionylglycine and dithiothreitol against acetaminophen toxicity in mouse hepatocytes. Toxicology 1986; 41: 83–93
- Held K.D. Interactions of radioprotectors and oxygen in cultured mammalian cells. I. Dithiothreitol effects on radiation-induced cell killing. Radiation Research 1985; 101: 424–433
- Held K.D., Bren G.D., Melder D.C. Interactions of radioprotectors and oxygen in cultured mammalian cells. II. Effects of dithiothreitol on radiation-induced DNA damage and comparison with cell survival. Radiation Research 1986; 108: 296–306
- Held K.D., Harrop H.A., Michael B.D. Effects of oxygen and sulphydrylcontaining compounds on irradiated transforming DNA. Part I. Actions of Dithiothreitol. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1981; 40: 613–622
- Howard-Flanders P., Theriot L. Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 defective in DNA repair and in genetic recombination. Genetics 1966; 53: 1137–1150
- Hulsewede J.W., Schulte-Frohlinde D. Radiation protection of E. coli strains by cysteamine in the presence of oxygen. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1986; 50: 861–869
- Issels R.D., Bourier S., Biaglow J.E., Gerweck L.E., Wilmanns W. Temperature-dependent influence of thiols upon glutathione levels in Chinese hamster ovary cells at cytotoxic concentrations. Cancer Research 1985; 45: 6219–6224
- Kim K., Rhee S.G., Stadtman E.R. Nonenzymatic cleavage of proteins by reactive oxygen species generated by dithiothreitol and iron. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1985; 260: 15394–15397
- LaSalle M., Billen D. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in murine bone-marrow cells by AET and cysteamine. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1964; 114: 622–629
- Lee P.C., Bochner B.R., Ames B.N. AppppA, heat-shock, stress, and cell oxidation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 1983; 80: 7496–7500
- Little J.W., Mount D.W. The SOS regulatory system of Escherichia coli. Cell 1982; 29: 11–22
- Miller J.H. Experiments in Molecular Genetics. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor 1972
- Misra H.P. Generation of superoxide free radical during the autoxidation of thiols. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1974; 249: 2151–2155
- Naslund M., Fedorcsak I., Ehrenberg L. Role of peroxide in the radioprotective action of thiols in E. coli. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1976; 29: 501–511
- Oberley L.W., Spitz D.R. Nitroblue Tetrazoleum. Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research, R.A. Greenwald. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1985; 217–220
- Peak M.J., Peak J.G., Carnes B.A. Induction of direct and indirect single-strand breaks in human cell DNA by far- and near-ultraviolet radiations: action spectrum and mechanisms. Photochemistry and Photobiology 1987; 45: 381–387
- Pollard E.C., Fluke D.J., Kazanis D. Induced radioresistance: An aspect of induced repair. Molecular and General Genetics 1981; 184: 421–429
- Redpath J.L. Radioprotection of enzyme and bacterial systems by dithiothreitol. Radiation Research 1973; 55: 109–117
- Rowley D.A., Halliwell B. Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of thiol compounds. FEBS Letters 1982; 138: 33–36
- Tullius T.D., Dromboski B.A. Hydroxyl radical ‘footprinting’: High resolution information about DNA-protein contacts and application to λ repressor and Croprotein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (U.S.A.) 1986; 83: 5469–5473
- Van Bogelen R.A., Kelley P.M., Neidhardt F.C. Differential induction of heat shock, SOS, and oxidative stress regulons and accumulation of nucleotides in Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology 1987; 169: 26–32
- Vergroesen A.J., Budke L., Vos O. Protection against X-irradiation by sulphydryl compounds. II. Studies on the relation between chemical structure and protective activity for tissue culture cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1967; 13: 77–92
- Walker G.C. Mutagenesis and inducible responses to deoxyribonucleic acid damage in Escherichia coli. Microbiological Reviews 1984; 48: 60–93
- Walker G.C., Marsh L., Dodson L. Cellular responses to DNA damage. Environmental Health Perspectives 1985; 62: 115–117
- Weiseman J.M., Funk C., Weinstock G.M. Measurement of an in vivo expression of the recA gene of Escherichia coli by using lacZ gene fusions. Journal of Bacteriology 1984; 160: 112–121