11
Views
34
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Raf Involvement in the Simultaneous Genetic Transfer of the Radioresistant and Transforming Phenotypes

, , , , &
Pages 783-796 | Received 23 Sep 1988, Accepted 06 Jan 1989, Published online: 03 Jul 2009

References

  • Bastos R.N., Vollich Z., Aviv H. Messenger RNA population analysis during erythroid differentiation: a kinetical approach. Journal of Molecular Biology 1977; 110: 191–203
  • Bech-Hansen N.T., Blattner W.A., Sell B.M., McKeen E.A., Lampkin B.C., Fraumeni F.J., Jr, Patterson M.C. Transmission of in-vitro radio-resistance in a cancer-prone family. Lancet 1981; 1: 1335–1337
  • Blattner W.A., McGuire D.B., Mulvihill J.J., Lampkin B.C., Hananian J., Fraumeni J.F., Jr. Genealogy of cancer in a family. Journal of the American Medical Association 1979; 241: 259–261
  • Bonner T.I., Kerby S.B., Sutrave P., Gunnell M.A., Mark G., Rapp U.R. Structure and biological activity of human homologs of the raf/mil oncogene. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1985; 5: 1400–1407
  • Bonner T.I., Oppermann H., Seeburg P., Kerby S.B., Gunnell M.A., Young A.C., Rapp U.R. The complete coding sequence of the human raf oncogene and the corresponding structure of the c-raf-1 gene. Nucleic Acids Research 1986; 14: 1009–1015
  • Carney D.N., Mitchell J.B., Kinsella T.J. In vitro radiation and chemotherapy sensitivity of established cell lines of human small cell lung cancer and its large cell morphological variants. Cancer Research 1983; 43: 2806–2811
  • Chang E.H., Furth M.A., Scolnick E.M., Lowy D.R. Tumorigenic transformation of mammalian cells induced by a normal human gene homologous to the oncogene of Harvey murine sarcoma virus. Nature 1982; 297: 497–483
  • Chang E.H., Pirollo K.F., Zou Z-Q., Cheung H-Y., Lawler E.L., Garner R., White E., Bernstein W.B., Fraumeni J.R., Jr, Blattner W.A. Oncogenes in radioresistant, noncancerous skin fibroblasts from a cancer-prone family. Science 1987; 237: 1036–1039
  • Cleveland J.L., Jannen H.W., Bister K., Fredericksen T.N., Morse H.C., III, Ihle J.N., Rapp U.R. Interaction between raf and myc oncogenes in transformation in vivo and in vitro. Journal of Cellular Biology 1986; 30: 195–218
  • Denhardt D. A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1966; 23: 641–646
  • Fasano O., Birnbaum D., Edlund L., Fogh J., Wigler M. New human transforming genes detected by a tumorigenicity assay. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1984; 4: 1695–1705
  • Fukui M., Yamamoto T., Kawai S., Mitsunobu F., Toyoshima K. Molecular cloning and characterization of an activated human c-raf-1 gene. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1987; 7: 1776–1781
  • Graham F.L., Van Der Eb A. Transformation of rat cells by DNA of human adenovirus. 5. Virology 1973; 52: 456–461
  • Gross-Bellard M., Oudet P., Chambon P. Isolation of high-molecular-weight DNA from mammalian cells. European Journal of Biochemistry 1973; 36: 32–38
  • Ishikawa F., Takaku F., Hayash K., Nagao M., Sugimura T. Activation of rat c-raf during transfection of hepatocellular carcinoma DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 1986; 83: 3209–3212
  • Ishikawa F., Takaku F., Nagao M., Sugimura T. Rat c-raf oncogene activation by a rearrangement that produces a fused protein. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1987; 7: 1226–1232
  • Jainchill J.F., Aaronson S.A., Todaro G.J. Murine sarcoma and leukemia viruses: assay using clonal lines of contact-inhibited mouse cells. Journal of Virology 1969; 4: 549–553
  • Jansen H.W., Ruchert B., Lurz R., Bister K. Two unrelated cell-derived sequences in the genome of avian leukemia and carcinoma inducing retrovirus MH2. EMBO Journal 1983; 2: 1969–1975
  • Jelinek W.R., Toomey T.P., Leinwand L., Duncan C.H., Biro P.A., Choudary P.V., Weissman S.M., Rubin C.M., Houck C.M., Deininger P.L., Schmidt C.W. Ubiquitous, interspersed repeated sequences in mammalian genomes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 1980; 77: 1398–1402
  • Kan N.C., Flordellis C.S., Garon C.F., Deusberg P.H., Papas T.S. Avian carcinoma virus MH2 contains a transformation-specific sequence, mht, and shares the myc sequence with MC29, CM11, and OK10 viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 1983; 80: 6566–6570
  • Kan N.C., Flordellis C.S., Mark G.E., Duesberg P.H., Papas T.S. Nucleotide sequence of avian carcinoma virus MH2: Two potential onc genes, one related to avian virus MC29 and the other related to murine sarcoma virus 3611. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 1984; 81: 3000–3004
  • Kasid U., Pfeifer A., Weichselbaum R.R., Dritschilo A., Mark G.E. The raf oncogene is associated with a radiation-resistant human laryngeal cancer. Science 1987; 237: 1039–1041
  • Kloetzer W.S., Maxwell S.A., Arlinghaus R.B. Further characterization of the P85 gag-mos-associated protein kinase activity. Virology 1984; 138: 143–155
  • Li F.P., Fraumeni J.F., Jr. Soft-tissue sarcomas, breast cancer, and other neoplasms: a familial syndrome. Annals of Internal Medicine 1969; 71: 747–752
  • Little C.D., Nau M.M., Carney D.N., Gazdar A.F., Minna J.D. Amplification and expression of the c-myc oncogene in human lung cancer cell lines. Nature 1983; 144: 306–308
  • Lowy D.R., Rands E., Scolnick E.M. Helper-independent transformation by unintegrated Harvey sarcoma virus DNA. Journal of Virology 1978; 26: 291–298
  • Malaise E.P., Fertil B., Deschavanne P.J., Chavaudra N., Brock W.A. Initial slope of radiation survival curves is characteristic of the origin of primary and established cultures of human tumor cells and fibroblasts. Radiation Research 1987; 111: 319–333
  • Marshall C.J. Oncogenes and growth control 1987. Cell 1987; 49: 723–725
  • Moelling K., Heimann B., Beimling P., Rapp U.R., Sander T. Serine- and threonine-specific protein kinase activities of purified gag-mil and gag-raf proteins. Nature 1984; 312: 558–561
  • Paterson M.C., Gentner N.E., Middlestadt M.V., Mirzayans R., Weinfeld M. Hereditary and familial disorders linking Cancer proneness with abnormal carcinogen response and faulty DNA metabolism. Epidemology and Quantitation of Environmental Risk in Humans from Radiation and Other Agents. Castellani, Plenum 1985; 235–267
  • Ramsay G., Hayman M.J., Bister K. Phosphorylation of specific sites in the gag-myc polyproteins encoded by MC29-type viruses correlates with their transforming ability. EMBO Journal 1982; 1: 1111–1116
  • Rapp U.R., Cleveland J.L., Bonner T.I. The raf oncogene family. Handbook of Oncogenes. Elsevier, Reddy, Curran, and Skalka 1988; 211–251
  • Rapp U.R., Huleihel M., Pawson T., Linnoila I., Minna J.D., Heidecker G., Cleveland J.L., Beck T., Forchhammer J., Storm S.M. The role of raf oncogenes in lung carcinogenesis. Lung Cancer. Elsevier, Hansen, in press
  • Rigby P.W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labelling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. Journal of Molecular Biology 1977; 113: 213–251
  • Shimizu K., Nakatsu Y., Sekiguchi M., Hokamura K., Tanaka K., Terada M., Sugimura T. Molecular cloning of an activated human oncogene, homologous to v-raf from primary stomach cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 1985; 82: 5641–5645
  • Sklar M.D., McQuiston S., Terry V.O., Wade P.T. Activated oncogenes can substantially alter the radiation response of mouse cells. Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1986; 12(1)190–191
  • Sklar M.D. The ras oncogenes increase the intrinsic resistance of NIH3T3 cells to ionizing ratiation. Science 1988; 239: 645–647
  • Southern E.M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. Journal of Molecular Biology 1975; 98: 503–517
  • Stanton V.P., Jr, Cooper G.M. Activation of human raf transforming genes by deletion of normal amino-terminal coding sequences. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1987; 7: 1171–1179
  • Tabin D.J., Bradley S.M., Borgmann C.L., Wenberg R.A., Papageorge A.G., Scolnick E.M., Dhu R., Lowy D.R., Chang E.H. Mechanism of activation of a human oncogene. Nature 1982; 300: 143–149
  • Whang-Peng J., Kao-Shan C.S., Lee E.C., Bunn P.A., Carney D.N., Gazdar A.F., Minna J.D. A specific chromosome defect associated with human small-cell lung cancer: deletion 3p(14–23). Science 1982a; 215: 181–182
  • Whang-Peng J., Bunn P.A., Kao-Shan C.S., Lee E.C., Carney D.N., Minna J.D., Gazdar A.F. A non-random chromosomal abnormality, del 3p(14–23) in human small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 1982b; 6: 119–134

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.