Mechanisms of Radiosensitization in Bromodeoxyuridine-substituted Cells

References

• Blakely W.F., Ward J.F., Joner E.I. A quantitative assay of deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks and their repair in mammalian cells. Analytical Biochemistry 1982; 124: 125–133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blok J., Loman H. Bacteriophage DNA as a model for correlation of radical damage to DNA and biological effects. Mechanisms of DNA Damage and Repair. Implications for Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, M.G. Simic, L. Grossman, A.D. Upton. Plenum, New York 1986; 75–88, In
   Google Scholar
• Bradley M.O., Kohn K.W. X-ray-induced DNA double strand break production and repair in mammalian cells as measured by neutral filter elution. Nucleic Acid Research 1979; 7: 793–804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buxton G.V., Greenstock C.L., Helman W.P., Ross A.B. Critical review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals (·OH/·O-) in aqueous solution. Journal of Physical Chemical Reference Data 1988; 17: 513–886
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman J.C. Biophysical models of mammalian cell inactivation by radiation. Radiation Biology in Cancer Research, R.E. Meyn, H.R. Withers. Raven Press, New York 1979; 21–32, In
   Google Scholar
• Chatterjee A., Magee J.L. Theoretical investigation of the production of strand breaks in DNA by water radicals. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 1985; 13: 137–140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen G. The Fenton reaction. CRC Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research, R.A. Greenwald. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1985; 55–64, In
   Google Scholar
• Erikson R.L., Szybalski W. Molecular radiobiology of human cell lines. V. Comparative radiosensitizing properties of 5-halodeoxycytidines and 5-halodeoxyuridines. Radiation Research 1963; 20: 253–262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornace A.J., Dobson P.P., Kinsella T.J. Enhancement of radiation damage in cellular DNA following unifilar substitution with iododeoxyuridine. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1990; 18: 873–878
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iliakis G., Kurtzman S. Mechanism of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines: BrdU and β-arabinofuranosyladenine affect similar subsets of radiation induced potentially lethal lesions in plateauphase Chinese hamster ovary cells. Radiation Research 1991b; 127: 45–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iliakis G., Kurtzman S., Pantelias G., Okayasu R. Mechanism of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines: effect of BrdU on radiation induction of DNA and chromosome damage and its correlation with cell killing. Radiation Research 1989; 119: 286–304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iliakis G., Pantelias G., Kurtzman S. Mechanism of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines: effect of BrdU on cell killing and interphase chromosome breakage in radiation-sensitive cells. Radiation Research 1991a; 125: 56–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iliakis G., Wang Y., Pantelias G., Metzger L. Mechanism of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines: effect of BrdU on repair of DNA breaks, interphase chromatin breaks, and potentially lethal damage in plateau-phase CHO cells. Radiation Research 1992; 129: 202–211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iliakis G., Wright E., Ngo F.Q.H. Possible importance of PLD repair in the modulation of BrdUrd and IdUrd-mediated radiosensitization in plateau-phase C3H10T1/2 mouse embryo cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1987a; 51: 541–548
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iliakis G., Wright E., Ngo F.Q.H. Repair and fixation of potentially lethal damage (PLD) as demonstrated by delayed plating or incubation with araA in contact inhibited plateau-phase C3H mouse embryo 10T1/2 cells grown in the presence of BrdUrd. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 1987b; 26: 47–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan H.S. DNA-strand scission and loss of viability after X-irradiation of normal and sensitized bacterial cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 1966; 55: 1442–1446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinsella T.J., Dobson P.P., Mitchell J.B., Fornace A.J. Enhancement of X ray induced DNA damage by pre-treatment with halogenated pyrimidine analogs. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1987; 13: 733–739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinsella T.J., Mitchell J.B., Russo A., Morstyn G., Glatstein E. The use of halogenated thymidine analogs as clinical radiosensitizers: rationale, current status, and future prospects: non-hypoxic cell sensitizers. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1984; 10: 1399–1406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohn K.W., Erickson L.C., Ewig R.A.G., Friedman C.A. Fractionation of DNA from mammalian cells by alkaline elution. Biochemistry 1976; 15: 4629–4637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krasin F., Hutchinson F. Double-strand breaks from single photochemical events in DNA containing 5-bromouracil. Biophysics Journal 1978; 24: 645–656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krisch R.E., Flick M.B., Trumbore C.N. Radiation chemical mechanisms of single- and double-strand break formation in irradiated SV40 DNA. Radiation Research 1991; 126: 251–259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lett J.T., Parkins G., Alexander P. Mechanisms of sensitization to X-rays of mammalian cells by 5-bromodeoxyuridine. Nature 1964; 203: 593–596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ling L.L., Ward J.F. (1989) Radiosensitization by bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) toxicity and strand break induction. Radiation Research Society—37th Annual Scientific Meeting, Seattle, Washington, March, 18–231989, 149–149, Abstract Dr-2
   Google Scholar
• Ling L.L., Ward J.F. Radiosensitization of Chinese hamster V79 cells by bromodeoxyuridine substitution of thymidine: enhancement of radiation-induced toxicity and DNA strand break production by monofilar and bifilar substitution. Radiation Research 1990; 121: 76–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller E.M., Fowler J.F., Kinsella T.J. Linear-quadratic analysis of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines. II. Radiosensitization of human colon cancer cells by bromodeoxyuridine. Radiation Research 1992; 131: 90–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milligan J.R., Kang S., Limoli C.L., Aguilera J.A., Jones G.D.D., Ward J.F. (1993) Evidence that sparsely ionizing radiation causes multiply damaged sites in DNA. 41st Annual Meeting of the Radiation Research Society, Dallas, Texas, March, 20–251993, 78–78, Abstract P-15-12
   Google Scholar
• Nabben F.J., Karman J.P., Loman H. Inactivation of biologically active DNA by hydrated electrons. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1982; 42: 23–30
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Painter R.B. The role of DNA damage and repair in cell killing induced by ionizing radiation. Radiation Biology in Cancer Research, R.E. Meyn, H.R. Withers. Raven Press, New York 1979; 59–68, In
   Google Scholar
• Pimblott S.M., LaVerne J.A., Mozumder A., Green N.J.B. Structure of electron tracks in water. 1. Distribution of energy deposition events. Journal of Physical Chemistry 1990; 94: 488–495
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roots R., Okada S. Protection of DNA molecules of cultured mammalian cells from radiation-induced single-strand scissions by various alcohols and SH compounds. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1972; 21: 329–342
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawada S., Okada S. Effects of BUdR-labelling on radiation-induced DNA breakage and subsequent rejoining in cultured mammalian cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1972; 21: 599–602
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddiqi M.A., Bothe E. Single- and double-strand break formation in DNA irradiated in aqueous solution: dependence on dose and OH radical scavenger concentration. Radiation Research 1987; 112: 449–463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szybalski W., Djordjevic B. Radiation sensitivity of chemically modified human cells. Genetics 1959; 44: 540–541
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Utsumi H., Elkind M.M. Potentially lethal damage versus sublethal damage: independent repair processes in actively growing Chinese hamster cells. Radiation Research 1979; 77: 346–360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward J.F. Some biochemical consequences of the spatial distribution of ionizing radiation-produced free radicals. Radiation Research 1981; 86: 185–195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward J.F. Biochemistry of DNA lesions. Radiation Research 1985; 104: S103–S111
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward J.F. DNA damage produced by ionizing radiation in mammalian cells: identities, mechanisms of formation and repairability. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology 1988; 35: 95–125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward J.F. Mechanisms of radiation action on DNA in model systems—their relevance to cellular DNA. NATO ASI Series, Vol. H54. The Early Effects of Radiation on DNA, E.M. Fielden, P. O'Neill. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991; 1–16, In
   Google Scholar
• Ward J.F., Blakely W.F., Joner E.I. Mammalian cells are not killed by DNA single strand breaks caused by hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide. Radiation Research 1985; 103: 383–392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimbrick J.D., Ward J.F., Myers L.S. Studies on the chemical basis of cellular radiosensitization by 5-bromouracil substitution in DNA. I. Pulse- and steady-state radiolysis of 5-bromouracil and thymine. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1969a; 16: 505–523
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimbrick J.D., Ward J.F., Myers L.S. Studies on the chemical basis of cellular radiosensitization by 5-bromouracil substitution in DNA. II. Pulse- and steady-state radiolysis of bromouracil-substituted and unsubstituted DNA. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1969b; 16: 525–534
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar