Effects of conventional and transgenic Bacillus thuringiensisgalleriae toxin on Exorista larvarum (Diptera: Tachinidae), a parasitoid of forest defoliating Lepidoptera

References

• Alberghini , S. , Filippini , R. , Marchetti , E. , Dindo , M.L. , Shevelev , A.B. , Battisti , A. and Squartini , A. 2005 . ‘Construction of a Pseudomonas sp. Derivative Carrying the cry9Aa Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis and a Proposal for New Standard Criteria to Assess Entomocidal Properties of Bacteria’ . Research in Microbiology , 156 : 690 – 699 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberghini , S. , Filippini , R. , Shevelev , A.B. , Squartini , A. and Battisti , A. 2006 . ‘Extended Plant Protection by an Epiphytic Pseudomonas sp. Derivative Carrying the cry9Aa Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis galleriae against the Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa’ . Biocontrol Science and Technology , 16 : 709 – 715 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberghini , S. , Battisti , A. and Squartini , A. 2008a . ‘Methods and Detection Limits in Tracking a Genetically Modified Pseudomonas sp. Released in the Pine Phyllosphere’ . Annals of Microbiology , 58 : 163 – 167 .
   Google Scholar
• Alberghini , S. , Battisti , A. and Squartini , A. 2008b . ‘Monitoring a Genetically Modified Pseudomonas sp. Released on Pine Leaves Reveals Concerted Successional Patterns of the Bacterial Phyllospheric Community’ . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek , 94 : 415 – 422 .
   Google Scholar
• Baronio , P. , Dindo , M.L. , Campadelli , G. and Sighinolfi , L. 2002 . ‘Intraspecific Weight Variability in Tachinid Flies: Response of Pseudogonia rufifrons to Two Host Species with Different Size and of Exorista larvarum to Variations in Vital Space’ . Bulletin of Insectology , 55 : 55 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Blumberg , D. , Navon , A. , Keren , S. , Goldenberg , S. and Ferkovich , S.M. 1997 . ‘Interaction among Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), its Larval Endoparasitoid Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Bacillus thuringiensis’ . Journal of Economic Entomology , 90 : 1181 – 1186 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campadelli , G. 1986 . ‘Effetti della bassa temperatura sulla coppia ospite-parassita Galleria mellonella L. – Pseudogonia rufifrons Wied’ . Bollettino dell'Istituto di Entomologia ‘Guido Grandi’ dell'Università di Bologna , 41 : 29 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Chestukhina , G.G. , Kostina , L.I. , Zalunin , I.A. , Revina , L.P. , Mikhailova , A.L. and Stepanov , V.M. 1994 . ‘Production of Multiple Delta-endotoxins by Bacillus thuringiensis: Delta-endotoxins Produced by Strains of Subspecies galleriae and wuhanensis’ . Canadian Journal of Microbiology , 40 : 1026 – 1034 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Csoka , G. , Lesko , K. and Ambrus , A. 1989 . ‘Biology and Damage of Dendrolimus pini L. (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) in Hungary’ . Nonenyvedelem , 25 : 61 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Dindo , M.L. and Monti , M. 1988 . ‘Necessità trofiche della vittima nel sistema Galleria mellonella – Pseudogonia rufifrons’ . Atti XV Congresso Nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, L'Aquila, 13–17 June , 1988 : 795 – 800 .
   Google Scholar
• Dindo , M.L. , Farneti , R. , Scapolatempo , M. and Gardenghi , G. 1999 . ‘In Vitro Rearing of the Parasitoid Exorista larvarum (L.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) on Meat Homogenate-based Diets’ . Biological Control , 16 : 258 – 266 .
   Google Scholar
• Dindo , M.L. , Marchetti , E. and Baronio , P. 2007 . ‘In Vitro Rearing of the Parasitoid Exorista larvarum (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Eggs Laid out of Host’ . Journal of Economic Entomology , 100 : 26 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erb , S.L. , Bourchier , R.S. , Van Frankenhuyzen , K. and Smith , S.M. 2001 . ‘Sublethal Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki on Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) and the Tachinid Parasitoid Compsilura concinnata (Diptera: Tachinidae)’ . Environmental Entomology , 30 : 1174 – 1181 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federici , B.A. 2003 . ‘Effects of Bt on Non-Target Organisms’ . Journal of New Seeds , 5 : 11 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Glare , T.R. and O'Callaghan , M. 2000 . Bacillus Thuringiensis: Biology, Ecology, and Safety , Chichester, , UK : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Jayanthi , P.D.K. and Padmavathamma , K. 1996 . ‘Cross Infectivity and Safety of Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Berliner and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuille to Pests of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.) and Their Natural Enemies’ . Journal of Entomological Research , 20 : 211 – 215 .
   Google Scholar
• Leong , K.L.H. , Cano , R.J. and Kubinski , A.M. 1980 . ‘Factors Affecting Bacillus thuringiensis Total Field Persistence’ . Environmental Entomology , 9 : 593 – 599 .
   Google Scholar
• Lövei , G. and Arpaia , S. 2005 . ‘The Impact of Transgenic Plants on Natural Enemies: A Critical Review of Laboratory Studies’ . Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata , 114 : 1 – 14 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luciano , P. and Prota , R. 1984 . ‘La dinamica di popolazione di Lymantria dispar L. in Sardegna. III. Indicatori biologici della gradazione’ . Frustula Entomologica , 7–8 : 613 – 630 .
   Google Scholar
• McCravy , K.W. , Calusky , M.J. and Berisford , C.W. 2001 . ‘Effects of a Broad Spectrum and Biorational Insecticides on Parasitoids of the Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)’ . Journal of Economic Entomology , 94 : 112 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Mellini , E. 1990 . ‘Sinossi di biologia dei Ditteri Larvevoridi’ . Bollettino dell'Istituto di Entomologia ‘Guido Grandi’ dell'Università di Bologna , 45 : 1 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Mellini , E. , Gardenghi , G. and Coulibaly , A.K. 1993 . ‘Caratteristiche anatomiche ed istologiche dell'apparato genitale femminile di Exorista larvarum (L.), parassitoide deponente uova macrotipiche sull'ospite’ . Bollettino dell'Istituto di Entomologia ‘Guido Grandi’ dell'Università di Bologna , 48 : 45 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Reardon , R. , Metterhouse , W. and Balaam , R. 1979 . ‘Impact of Aerially Applied Bacillus thuringiensis and Carbaryl on Gypsy Moth (Lep.: Lymantriidae) and Adult Parasites’ . Entomophaga , 24 : 305 – 310 .
   Google Scholar
• Schnepf , E. , Crickmore , N. , Van Rie , J. , Lereclus , D. , Baum , J. , Feitelston , J. , Zeigler , D.R. and Dean , D.H. 1998 . ‘Bacillus thuringiensis and its Pesticidal Crystal Proteins’ . Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews , 62 : 775 – 806 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shevelev , A.B , Battisti , A. , Volynskaya , A.M. , Novikova , S.I. , Kostina , L.I. and Zalunin , I.A. 2001 . ‘Susceptibility of the Pine Processionary Caterpillar Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) Toward Delta-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis under Laboratory Conditions’ . Annals of Applied Biology , 138 : 255 – 261 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh Bora , R. , Murty , M.G. , Shenbagarathai , R. and Sekar , V. 1994 . ‘Introduction of a Lepidopteran-specific Insecticidal Crystal Protein Gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki by Conjugal Transfer into a Bacillus megaterium Strain that Persist in the Cotton Phyllosphere’ . Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 60 : 214 – 222 .
   Google Scholar
• Shiryaeva , N.V. and Savin , I.M. 1988 . ‘The Effect of Bio-preparations and Juvenile Materials on the Beneficial Insect Fauna’ . Lesnoe Khozyaistvo , 3 : 38 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Statsoft Inc 2001 STATISTICA (Data analysis Software System) Version 6 , www.statsoft.com .
   Google Scholar
• Ulpah , S. and Kok , L.T. 1996 . ‘Interrelationship of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner to the Diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its Primary Parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)’ . Journal of Entomological Science , 31 : 371 – 377 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zar , J.H. 1984 . Biostatistical Analysis , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar