Control of Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae on a Range of Hardy Ornamental Nursery Stock Species Using the Entomogenous Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae

References

• Antonelli , A.L. and Campbell , R.L. 1981 . Root weevil control on rhododendron . Washington State University Cooperative Extension Bulletin , No. 0970.
   Google Scholar
• Challen , M.P. and Elliott , T.J. 1986 . Polypropylene straw ampoules for the storage of microorganisms in liquid nitrogen . Journal of Microbiological Methods , 5 : 11 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evenhuis , H.H. 1978 . Bionomics and control of the black vine weevil . Otiorhynchus sulcatus. Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Rijks Universiteit Gent , 43 : 607 – 611 .
   Google Scholar
• Garth , S. and Shanks , C.H. Jr. 1978 . Some factors affecting infestation of strawberry fields by the black vine weevil in Western Washington . Journal of Economic Entomology , 71 : 443 – 448 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillespie , A.T. 1989 . The use of fungi to control the black vine weevil Otiorhynchus sulcatus on ornamentals . WPRS Bulletin , 12/4 : 36
   Google Scholar
• Hall , R.A. 1977 . The potential of the fungus, Verticillium lecanii, as a control agent of glasshouse pests , UK : University of Southampton . PhD Thesis
   Google Scholar
• La Lone , R.S. and Clarke , R.G. 1981 . Larval development of Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and effects of larval density on larval mortality and injury to rhododendron . Environmental Entomology , 10 : 190 – 191 .
   Google Scholar
• Moorhouse , E.R. 1990 . “ The potential of the entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae as a microbial control agent of the black vine weevil ” . In Otiorhynchus sulcatus , University of Bath . PhD Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Moorhouse , E.R. , Gillespie , A.T. and Charnley , A.K. 1990 . The progress and prospects for the control of the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus by entomogenous fungi,in . Proceedilngs and Abstracts, Vth International Colloquium on Invertebrate Pathology and Microbial Control , : 381 – 385 .
   Google Scholar
• Moorhouse , E.R. , Charnley , A.K. and Gillespie , A.T. 1992 . A review of the biology and control of the vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) . Annals of Applied Biology , 121 : 431 – 454 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moorhouse , E.R. , Fenlon , J.S. , Gillespie , A.T. and Charnley , A. K. 1992 . Observations on the development, oviposition and fecundity of vine weevil adults, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) . Entomologist's Gazette , 43 : 207 – 218 .
   Google Scholar
• Moorhouse , E.R. , Gillespie , A.T. and Charnley , A.K. 1993 . Laboratory selection of Metarhizium spp. isolates for control of vine weevil larvae (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) . Journal of Invertebrate Pathology , (To appear in the
   Google Scholar
• Moorhouse , E.R. , Gillespie , A.T. and Charnley , A.K. in press . Selection of virulent and persistent Metarhizium anisopliae isolates to control vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) larvae on glasshouse Begonia . Journal of Invertebrate Pathology ,
   Google Scholar
• Parrella , M.P. and Keil , C.B. 1984 . Black vine weevil: an increasing problem for California nurseries . California Agriculture , 38 : 12 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Prado , E. 1979 . Bekämpning av öronvivellarver (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) med hjälp av de insektspatogena svamparna Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae och Metarhizium flavoviride . Växtskyddsnotiser , 44 : 160 – 167 .
   Google Scholar
• Shanks , C.H. Jr and Finnigan , B.F. 1973 . Temperature and relative humidity effects on eggs and first‐stage larvae of the black vine weevil, Otiorhychus sulcatus . Environmental Entomology , 2 : 855 – 858 .
   Google Scholar
• Soares , G.G. Jr. , Marchal , M. and Ferron , P. 1983 . Susceptibility of Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) larvae to Metarhizium anisopliae and Metarhizium flavoviride (Deuteromycotina, Hy‐pomycetes) at two different temperatures . Environmental Entomology , 12 : 1886 – 1890 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tillemans , F. and Coremans‐Pelseneer , J. 1987 . Beauveria brongniartii (fungus, Moniliale) as control agent against Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) . Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Rijks Universiteit Gent , 52 : 379 – 384 .
   Google Scholar
• Zimmermann , G. 1981 . Gewächshausversuche zur Bekämpfung des Gefurchten Dickmaulrüsslers, Otiorhynchus sulcatus F., mit dem Pilz Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) (Sorok) . Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes , 33 : 103 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Zimmermann , G. 1984 . Further trials with Metarhizium anisopliae (fungi Imperfecti, Moniliales) to control the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus F., on potted plants in the greenhouse . Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes , 36 : 55 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Zimmermann , G. and Simons , W.R. 1986 . “ Experiences with the biological control of the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) ” . In Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Invertebrate Pathology , Edited by: Samson , R.A. , Vlak , J.M. and Peters , D. 529 – 533 . Wageningen, , Netherlands : Foundation of the IVth International Colloquium of Invertebrate Pathology .
   Google Scholar
• Microbiology & Crop Protection Department, Horticulture Research International, Worthing Road, Littlehampton, West Sussex BN17 6LP, UK
   Google Scholar
• Horticultural Development Council, 18 Lavant Street, Petersfield, Hants GU32 2EW, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Horticulture Research International, East Mailing, West Mailing, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Chr. Hansen Biosystems A/S., DK 2970, H⊘rsholm, Denmark.
   Google Scholar
• School of Biological Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
   Google Scholar