Reactions to abusive supervision: examining the roles of emotions and gender in the USA

References

• Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Aryee, S., Chen, Z. X., Sun, L., & Debrah, Y. A. (2007). Antecedents and outcomes of abusive supervision: Test of a trickle-down model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 191–201. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashforth, B. (1994). Petty tyranny in organizations. Human Relations, 47, 755–778. doi:10.1177/001872679404700701
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashforth, B. (1997). Petty tyranny in organizations: A preliminary examination of antecedents and consequences. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 14, 126–140. doi:10.1111/j.1936-4490.1997.tb00124.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashkanasy, N. M. (2002). Studies of cognition and emotion in organisations: Attribution, affective events, emotional intelligence and perception of emotion. Australian Journal of Management, 27, 11–20. doi:10.1177/031289620202701S02
   Google Scholar
• Ashkanasy, N. M., Hartel, C. E. J., & Daus, C. S. (2002). Diversity and emotion: The new frontiers in organizational behavior research. Journal of Management, 28, 307–338. doi:10.1177/014920630202800304
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atwater, L. E., Carey, J. A., & Waldman, D. A. (2001). Gender and discipline in the workplace: Wait until your father gets home. Journal of Management, 27, 537–561. doi:10.1177/014920630102700503
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bamberger, P. A., & Bacharach, S. B. (2006). Abusive supervision and subordinate problem drinking: Taking resistance, stress and subordinate personality into account. Human Relations, 59, 723–752. doi:10.1177/0018726706066852
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barling, J. (1996). The prediction, experience, and consequences of workplace violence. In G. R. VandenBos & E. Q. Bulatao (Eds.), Violence on the job: Identifying risks and developing solutions (pp. 29−49). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10215-001
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, L., Robin, L., Pietromonaco, P., & Eyssell, K. (1998). Are women the ‘more emotional’ sex? Evidence from emotional experiences in social context. Cognition and Emotion, 12, 555–578. doi:10.1080/026999398379565
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., & Atwater, L. (1996). The transformational and transactional leadership of men and women. Applied Psychology, 45, 5–34. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1996.tb00847.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beal, D., Weiss, H., Barros, E., & MacDermid, S. (2005). An episodic process model of affective influences on performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 1054–1068. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry, C. M., Lelchook, A. M., & Clark, M. A. (2012). A meta-analysis of the interrelationships between employee lateness, absenteeism, and turnover: Implications for models of withdrawal behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 678–699. doi:10.1002/job.778
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birditt, K. S., & Fingerman, K. L. (2003). Age and gender differences in adults' descriptions of emotional reactions to interpersonal problems. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58, P237–P245. doi:10.1093/geronb/58.4.P237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bono, J. E., Foldes, H. J., Vinson, G., & Muros, J. P. (2007). Workplace emotions: The role of supervision and leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1357–1367. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehm, J., & Brehm, S. (1981). Psychological reactance: A theory of freedom and control. New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brody, L., & Hall, J. (2000). Sex and emotion. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of gender research in psychology (pp. 429–454). New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Bruk-Lee, V., & Spector, P. E. (2006). The social stressors-counterproductive work behaviors link: Are conflicts with supervisors and coworkers the same? Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11, 145–156. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.11.2.145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton, J., & Hoobler, J. (2006). Subordinate self-esteem and abusive supervision. Journal of Managerial Issues, 18, 340–355.
   Google Scholar
• Chi, S. S., & Liang, S. (2013). When do subordinates’ emotion-regulation strategies matter? Abusive supervision, subordinates’ emotional exhaustion, and work withdrawal. The Leadership Quarterly, 24, 125–137. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, P. T., Goldman, J. S., & Kugler, K. (2009). Emotional intractability: Gender, anger, aggression and rumination in conflict. International Journal of Conflict Management, 20, 113–131. doi:10.1108/10444060910949595
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox, H. (1991). Verbal abuse nationwide, part II: Impact and modifications. Nursing Management (Springhouse), 22, 66–69.10.1097/00006247-199103000-00018
   Google Scholar
• Currall, S. C., Hammer, T. H., Baggett, L. S., & Doniger, G. M. (1999). Combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies to study group processes: An illustrative study of acorporate board of directors. Organizational Research Methods, 2, 5–36. doi:10.1177/109442819921002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasborough, M. T. (2006). Cognitive asymmetry in employee emotional reactions to leadership behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 163–178. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demerouti, E., & Rispens, S. (2014). Improving the image of student-recruited samples: A commentary. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87, 34–41. doi:10.1111/joop.12048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., Burris, E. R., & Andiappan, M. (2007). Managerial modes of influence and counterproductivity in organizations: A longitudinal business-unit-level investigation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 993–1005. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.4.993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy, M. K., Ganster, D., & Pagon, M. (2002). Social undermining in the workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 331–351. doi:10.2307/3069350
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dupré, K. E., Inness, M., Connelly, C. E., Barling, J., & Hoption, C. (2006). Workplace aggression in teenage part-time employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 987–997. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dweck, C. S., & Bush, E. S. (1976). Sex differences in learned helplessness: I. Differential debilitation with peer and adult evaluators. Developmental Psychology, 12, 147–156. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.12.2.147
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H., & Johnson, B. T. (1990). Gender and leadership style: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 233–256.10.1037/0033-2909.108.2.233
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, J. R., & Lambert, L. S. (2007). Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12, 1–22. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feingold, A. (1994). Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 429–456. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer, A., Rodriguez Mosquera, P., van Vianen, A., & Manstead, A. (2004). Gender and culture differences in emotion. Emotion, 4, 87–94. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.4.1.87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujita, F., Diener, E., & Sandvik, E. (1991). Gender differences in negative affect and well-being: The case for emotional intensity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 427–434. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Game, A. M. (2008). Negative emotions in supervisory relationships: The role of relational models. Human Relations, 61, 355–393. doi:10.1177/0018726708088998
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gooty, J., Gavin, M., & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2009). Emotions research in OB: The challenges that lie ahead. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30, 833–838. doi:10.1002/job.v30:610.1002/job.619
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gooty, J., Connelly, S., Griffith, J., & Gupta, A. (2010). Leadership, affect and emotions: A state of the science review. The Leadership Quarterly, 21, 979–1004. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.10.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandey, A. A., Kern, J., & Frone, M. (2007). Verbal abuse from outsiders versus insiders: Comparing frequency, impact on emotional exhaustion, and the role of emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12, 63–79. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.12.1.63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greguras, G. J., & Diefendorff, J. M. (2010). Why does proactive personality predict employee life satisfaction and work behaviors? A field investigation of the mediating role of the self-concordance model. Personnel Psychology, 63, 539–560. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01180.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffeth, R., Hom, P., & Gaertner, S. (2000). A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: Update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium. Journal of Management, 26, 463–488. doi:10.1177/014920630002600305
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross, J. (2002). Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive and social consequences. Psychophysiology, 39, 281–291. doi:10.1017/S0048577201393198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, K. J., Kacmar, K. M., Zivnuska, S., & Shaw, J. D. (2007). The impact of political skill on impression management effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 278–285. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, M. G., Heames, J. T., Richey, R. G., & Leonard, N. (2006). Bullying: From the playground to the boardroom. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 12(4), 1–11. doi:10.1177/107179190601200401
   Google Scholar
• Harvey, P., Stoner, J., Hochwarter, W., & Kacmar, C. (2007). Coping with abusive supervision: The neutralizing effects of ingratiation and positive affect on negative employee outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 18, 264–280. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. F. (2012). PROCESS: A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation, moderation, and conditional process modeling [ White paper]. Retrieved from http://www.afhayes.com/public/process2012pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hom, P. W., Griffeth, R. W., & Sellaro, C. L. (1984). The validity of Mobley's (1977) model of employee turnover. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34, 141–174. doi:10.1016/0030-5073(84)90001-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoobler, J. M., & Brass, D. J. (2006). Abusive supervision and family undermining as displaced aggression. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 1125–1133. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.1125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoobler, J. M., & Hu, J. (2013). A model of injustice, abusive supervision, and negative affect. The Leadership Quarterly, 24, 256–269. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huo, Y., Lam, W., & Chen, Z. (2012). Am i the only one this supervisor is laughing at? Effects of aggressive humor on employee strain and addictive behaviors. Personnel Psychology, 65, 859–885. doi:10.1111/peps.12004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inness, M., Barling, J., & Turner, N. (2005). Understanding supervisor-targeted aggression: A within-person, between-jobs design. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 731–739. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.731
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keashly, L., Trott, V., & MacLean, L. M. (1994). Abusive behavior in the workplace: A preliminary investigation. Violence and Victims, 9, 341–357.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelloway, E., Barling, J., & Hurrell, J. (2006). Prevalence of workplace aggression in the U.S. workforce: Findings from a national study. In E. K. Kelloway, J. Barling, & J. J. Hurrell (Eds.), Handbook of workplace violence (pp. 47–90). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.10.4135/9781412976947
   Google Scholar
• Kerlinger, F. N. (1964). Foundations of behavioral research: Educational and psychological enquiry. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, T. Y., & Shapiro, D. L. (2008). Retaliation against supervisory mistreatment. International Journal of Conflict Management, 19, 339–358. doi:10.1108/10444060810909293
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koslowsky, M. (2009). A multi-level model of withdrawal: Integrating and synthesizing theory and findings. Human Resource Management Review, 19, 283–303. doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2008.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kring, A., & Gordon, A. (1998). Sex differences in emotion: Expression, experience and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 686–703. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.686
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krischer, M. M., Penney, L. M., & Hunter, E. M. (2010). Can counterproductive work behaviors be productive? CWB as emotion-focused coping. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15, 154–166. doi:10.1037/a0018349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsson, R. (1993). Case survey methodology: Quantitative analysis of patterns across case studies. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 1515–1546. doi:10.2307/256820
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeUnes, A. D., Nation, J. R., & Turley, N. M. (1980). Male–female performance in learned helplessness. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 104, 255–258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao, H., Joshi, A., & Chuang, A. (2004). Sticking out like a sore thumb: Employee dissimilarity and deviance at work. Personnel Psychology, 57, 969–1000. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2004.00012.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (1996). Gender differences in occupational stress and coping strategies among IT personnel. Women in Management Review, 11, 20–28. doi:10.1108/09649429610109299
   Google Scholar
• Liu, D., Liao, H., & Loi, R. (2012). The dark side of leadership: A three-level investigation of the cascading effect of abusive supervision on employee creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 55, 1187–1212. doi:10.5465/amj.2010.0400
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002). A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7, 83–104. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mawritz, M., Mayer, D. M., Hoobler, J. M., Wayne, S. J., & Marinova, S. V. (2012). A trickle-down model of abusive supervision. Personnel Psychology, 65, 325–357. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2012.01246.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, D. T. (2001). Disrespect and the experience of injustice. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 527–553. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirowsky, J., & Ross, C. E. (1995). Sex differences in distress: Real or artifact? American Sociological Review, 60, 449–468. doi:10.2307/2096424
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, M. S., & Ambrose, M. L. (2007). Abusive supervision and workplace deviance and the moderating effects of negative reciprocity beliefs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1159–1168. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.4.1159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motowidlo, S. J., Carter, G. W., Dunnette, M. D., Tippins, N., Werner, S., Burnett, J. R., & Vaughan, M. J. (1992). Studies of the structured behavioral interview. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 571–587. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.77.5.571
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Leary-Kelly, A. M., Bowes-Sperry, L., Bates, C. A., & Lean, E. R. (2009). Sexual harassment at work: A decade (plus) of progress. Journal of Management, 35, 503–536. doi:10.1177/0149206308330555
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pescosolido, A. T. (2002). Emergent leaders as managers of group emotion. The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 583–599. doi:10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00145-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrecca, L. (2010). Bullying by the boss is common but hard to fix. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/money/workplace/2010-12-28-bullyboss28_CV_N.htm
   Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computational tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31, 437–448. doi:10.3102/10769986031004437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Restubog, S. D., Scott, K. L., & Zagenczyk, T. J. (2011). When distress hits home: The role of contextual factors and psychological distress in predicting employees' responses to abusive supervision. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 713–729. doi:10.1037/a0021593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridgeway, C. L. (1993). Gender, status, and the social psychology of expectations. In P. England (Ed.), Theory on gender/feminism on theory (pp. 175–197). New York, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Ridgeway, C. L., & Johnson, C. (1990). What is the relationship between socioemotional behavior and status in task groups? American Journal of Sociology, 95, 1189–1212.10.1086/ajs.1990.95.issue-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robbennolt, J. K. (2006). Apologies and settlement levers. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 3, 333–373. doi:10.1111/j.1740-1461.2006.00072.x
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, T. (1991). Gender and the influence of evaluations on self-assessments in achievement settings. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 297–308. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, T., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1989). Sex differences in reactions to evaluative feedback. Sex Roles, 21, 725–747. doi:10.1007/BF00289805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, T., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1994). Gender comparisons in responsiveness to others'evaluations in achievement settings. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18, 221–240. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1994.tb00452.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronan, W. W., & Latham, G. P. (1974). The reliability and validity of the critical incident technique: A closer look. Studies in Personnel Psychology, 6, 53–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosse, J. G., & Hulin, C. L. (1985). Adaptation to work: An analysis of employee health, withdrawal, and change. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 36, 324–347. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(85)90003-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samnani, A., Salamon, S., & Singh, P. (2014). Negative affect and counterproductive workplace behavior: The moderating role of moral disengagement and gender. Journal of Business Ethics, 119, 235–244. doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1635-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schat, A. C. H., & Kelloway, E. K. (2003). Reducing the adverse consequences of workplace aggression and violence: The buffering effects of organizational support. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8, 110–122. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.8.2.110
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shao, P., Resick, C. J., & Hargis, M. B. (2011). Helping and harming others in the workplace: The roles of personal values and abusive supervision. Human Relations, 64, 1051–1078. doi:10.1177/0018726711399940
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoss, M., Eisenberger, R., Restubog, S., & Zagenczyk, T. (2013). Blaming the organization for abusive supervision: The roles of perceived organizational support and supervisor's organizational embodiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98, 158–168. doi:10.1037/a0030687
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon, R. W., & Nath, L. E. (2004). Gender and emotion in the United States: Do men and women differ in self-reports of feelings and expressive behavior? American Journal of Sociology, 109, 1137–1176. doi:10.1086/382111
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. In S. Leinhart (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 290–312). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Spector, P. E., & Fox, S. (2002). An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 269–292. doi:10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00049-9
   Google Scholar
• Spector, P. E., & Fox, S. (2005). The stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behavior. In S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive work behavior: Investigations of actors and targets (pp. 151–174). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.10.1037/10893-000
   Google Scholar
• Spector, P. E., & Zhou, Z. E. (2011). Individual differences in counterproductive work behavior: The interaction of gender and personality. Tampa: University of South Florida. Unpublished manuscript.
   Google Scholar
• Sprecher, S., Brooks, J., & Avogo, W. (2013). Self-esteem among young adults: Differences and similarities based on gender, race, and cohort (1990–2012). Sex Roles, 69, 264–275. doi:10.1007/s11199-013-0295-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens, G. E., & DeNisi, A. S. (1980). Women as managers: Attitudes and attributions for performance by men and women. Academy of Management Journal, 23, 355–361. doi:10.2307/255438
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tangney, J. P. (1990). Assessing individual differences in proneness to shame and guilt: Development of the self-conscious affect and attribution inventory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 102–111. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.59.1.102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tepper, B. J. (2000). Consequences of abusive supervision. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 178–190. doi:10.2307/1556375
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tepper, B. J. (2007). Abusive supervision in work organizations: Review, synthesis, and research agenda. Journal of Management, 33, 261–289. doi:10.1177/0149206307300812
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tepper, B. J., Duffy, M. K., Hoobler, J. M., & Ensley, M. D. (2004). Moderators of the relationships between coworkers' organizational citizenship behavior and fellow employees' attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 455–465. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.3.455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tepper, B. J., Duffy, M. K., Henle, C. A., & Lambert, L. S. (2006). Procedural injustice, victim precipitation, and abusive supervision. Personnel Psychology, 59, 101–123. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00725.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tepper, B. J., Henle, C. A., Lambert, L. S., Giacalone, R. A., & Duffy, M. K. (2008). Abusive supervision and subordinates’ organization deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 721–732. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tepper, B. J., Carr, J. C., Breaux, D. M., Geider, S., Hu, C., & Hua, W. (2009). Abusive supervision, intentions to quit, and employees’ workplace deviance: A power/dependence analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 109, 156–167. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verona, E., & Curtin, J. J. (2006). Gender differences in the negative affective priming of aggressive behavior. Emotion, 6, 115–124. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.6.1.115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (Vol. 18, pp. 1–74). Greenwich, CT: Elsevier Science/JAI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wheeler, A. R., Shanine, K. K., Leon, M. R., & Whitman, M. V. (2014). Student-recruited samples in organizational research: A review, analysis, and guidelines for future research. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(1), 1–26. doi:10.1111/joop.12042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willness, C. R., Steel, P., & Lee, K. (2007). A meta-analysis of the antecedents and consequences of workplace sexual harassment. Personnel Psychology, 60, 127–162. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00067.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojcieszak, D., Saxton, J. W., & Finklestein, M. M. (2007). Sorry works!: Disclosure, apology, and relationships prevent medical malpractice claims. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, R., & Brehm, S. (1982). Reactance as impression management: A critical review. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 608–618. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.42.4.608
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, T., & Hu, C. (2009). Abusive supervision and employee emotional exhaustion: Dispositional antecedents and boundaries. Group and Organization Management, 34, 143–169. doi:10.1177/1059601108331217
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, E., Huang, X., Lam, C. K., & Miao, Q. (2012). Abusive supervision and work behaviors: The mediating role of LMX. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 531–543. doi:10.1002/job.768
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yagil, D. (2006). The relationship of abusive and supportive workplace supervision to employee burnout and upward influence tactics. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 6, 49–65. doi:10.1300/J135v06n01_03
   Google Scholar
• Zellars, K. L., Tepper, B. J., & Duffy, M. K. (2002). Abusive supervision and subordinates’ organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 1068–1076. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.6.1068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Kwan, H. K., Zhang, X., & Wu, L. (2014). High core self-evaluators maintain creativity: A motivational model of abusive supervision. Journal of Management, 40, 1151−1174. Retrieved August 14, 2014. doi:10.1177/0149206312460681
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar