Looking for global talent in all the right places: a critical literature review of non-traditional expatriates

References

• Adler, N. (1979). Women as androgynous managers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 3, 407–436.10.1016/0147-1767(79)90006-3
   Google Scholar
• Adler, N. (1987). Pacific basin managers: A gaijin, not a woman. Human Resource Management, 26, 169–191.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-050X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adler, N. (2002). Global managers: No longer men alone. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13, 743–760.10.1080/09585190210125895
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, E. (2011). An Australian/Ethiopian adoption story. Retrieved March 27, 2014, from http://whileabroad.com/adoption
   Google Scholar
• Andresen, M., Bergdolt, F., Margenfeld, J., & Dickmann, M. (2014). Addressing international mobility confusion – Developing definitions and differentiations for self-initiated and assigned expatriates as well as migrants. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25, 2295–2318.10.1080/09585192.2013.877058
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANZA. (2014). ANZA single parents networking forum. Retrieved April 17, 2015, from http://www.anza.org.sg/event/id/438839/Single-Parents-Networking-Forum.htm
   Google Scholar
• Arrow, K. (1973). The theory of discrimination. Discrimination in labor markets, 3, 3–33.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government. (2014). Fact sheet – Expatriate adoption. Retrieved October 26, 2014 from https://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/36expat-adoption.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Baert, S. (2014). Career lesbians: Getting hired for not having kids? Industrial Relations Journal, 45, 543–561.10.1111/irj.2014.45.issue-6
   Google Scholar
• Baldridge, D., Eddleston, K., & Veiga, J. (2006). Saying no to being uprooted: The impact of family and gender on willingness to relocate. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 131–149.10.1348/096317905X53174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beechler, S., & Woodward, I. (2009). The global “war for talent”. Journal of International Management, 15, 273–285.10.1016/j.intman.2009.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boatman, J., Wellins, R., & Neal, S. (2011). Women work: The business benefits of closing the gender gap. Pittsburgh, PA: Development Dimensions International, Inc (DDI).
   Google Scholar
• Bohlen, C. (2012, December 8–9). Pragmatism for Dutch on gay marriage. International Herald Tribune, p. 17.
   Google Scholar
• Brookfield Global Relocation Services. (2012). Successful international assignments into developing locations. Woodridge, IL: Brookfield GRS.
   Google Scholar
• Brookfield Global Relocation Services. (2014). Global relocation trends survey report. Woodridge, IL: Brookfield GRS.
   Google Scholar
• Brookfield Global Relocation Services. (2015). Global relocation trends survey report. Woodridge, IL: Brookfield GRS.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, A., & Edwards, K. (2009). Allies in the workplace: Including LGBT in HRD. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 11, 136–149.10.1177/1523422308328500
   Google Scholar
• Caligiuri, P., & Tung, R. (1999). Comparing the success of male and female expatriates from a US-based multinational company. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10, 763–782.10.1080/095851999340143
   Google Scholar
• Caligiuri, P., Joshi, A., & Lazarova, M. (1999). Factors influencing the adjustment of women on global assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10, 163–179.10.1080/095851999340495
   Google Scholar
• Carlton, J., & Perelstein, L. (2013). Mobility challenges and strategies: Children with special needs. Mobility, 34, 54–57.
   Google Scholar
• Cartus. (2012a). International schooling in Hong Kong: It’s not all gloom. Hong Kong: Cartus.
   Google Scholar
• Cartus. (2012b). Trends in global relocation survey – Biggest challenges. Geneva: Cartus.
   Google Scholar
• Cho, T., Hutchings, K., & Marchant, T. (2013). Key factors influencing Korean expatriates’ and spouses’ perceptions of expatriation and repatriation. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24, 1051–1075.10.1080/09585192.2012.725079
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clegg, A. (2013a, December 2). Expat life sets challenge for families with special needs. Financial Times, p. 12.
   Google Scholar
• Clegg, A. (2013b, February 6). The trials of long-distance life. Financial Times, p. 24.
   Google Scholar
• Cole, N. (2012). Expatriate accompanying partners: The males speak. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 50, 308–326.10.1111/aphr.v50-03
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, N., & McNulty, Y. (2011). Why do female expatriates ‘fit-in’ better than males? Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 18, 144–164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colgan, F., & McKearney, A. (2012). Visibility and voice in organisations: Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered employee networks. Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion: An International Journal, 31, 359–378.
   Google Scholar
• Collings, D., Scullion, H., & Morley, M. (2007). Changing patterns of global staffing in the multinational enterprise: Challenges to the conventional expatriate assignment and emerging alternatives. Journal of World Business, 42, 198–213.10.1016/j.jwb.2007.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, D. (2009). ‘We’re there and queer’: Homonormative mobility and lived experience among gay expatriates in Manila. Gender and Society, 23, 465–493.10.1177/0891243209340570
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, J., & Callahan, J. (2012). Risky business: Gay identity disclosure in a masculinized industry. Human Resource Development International, 15, 455–470.10.1080/13678868.2012.706427
   Google Scholar
• Conlin, J. (2012, August 31). ‘The Waltons’ meets ‘modern family’. The New York Times, p. 18.
   Google Scholar
• Copeland, A. (2009). Voices from home: The personal and family side of international short-term assignments. Brookline, MA: The Interchange Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Dickmann, M., Doherty, N., Mills, T., & Brewster, C. (2008). Why do they go? Individual and corporate perspectives on the factors influencing the decision to accept an international assignment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 731–751.10.1080/09585190801953749
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drago, R., Black, D., & Wooden, M. (2005). Female breadwinner families: Their existence, persistence and sources. Journal of Sociology, 41, 343–362.10.1177/1440783305058465
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuPlessis VanBreda, A. (2001). Resilience theory: A literature review (No. MPI/R/104/12/1/4). Pretoria: South African Military Health Service.
   Google Scholar
• Duxbury, L., Lyons, S., & Higgins, C. (2007). Dual-income families in the new millennium: Reconceptualizing family type. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 9, 472–486.10.1177/1523422307305488
   Google Scholar
• ECA International. (2012). Commuter assignment survey. London: ECA International.
   Google Scholar
• Eikhof, D., Warhust, C., & Haunschild, A. (2007). Introduction: What work? What life? What balance? Employee Relations, 29, 325–333.10.1108/01425450710839452
   Google Scholar
• Elrod, L. (2010). National and international momentum builds for more child focus in relocation disputes. Family Law Quarterly, 44, 341–371, 373–374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everly, B., & Schwartz, J. (2014). Predictors of the adoption of LGBT-friendly HR policies. Human Resource Management, 54, 367–384.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Findlay, A. (2006). Brain strain and other social challenges arising from the UK’s policy on attracting global talent. In C. Kuptsch & E. Pang (Eds.), Competing for global talent (pp. 65–86). Geneva: International Institute for Labor Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Fischlmayr, I. (2002). Female self-perception as barrier to international careers? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13, 773–783.10.1080/09585190210125912
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischlmayr, I., & Kollinger, I. (2010). Work–life balance – A neglected issue among Austrian female expatriates. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21, 455–487.10.1080/09585191003611978
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological resilience. European Psychologist, 18, 12–23.10.1027/1016-9040/a000124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fullerton, M. (2013). Diversity and inclusion – LGBT inclusion means business. Strategic HR Review, 12, 121–125.10.1108/14754391311324462
   Google Scholar
• Gedro, J. (2010). The lavender ceiling atop the global closet: Human resource development and lesbian expatriates. Human Resource Development Review, 9, 385–404.10.1177/1534484310380242
   Google Scholar
• Gedro, J., Mizzi, R., Rocco, T., & van Loo, J. (2013). Going global: professional mobility and concerns for LGBT workers. Human Resource Development International, 16, 282–297.10.1080/13678868.2013.771869
   Google Scholar
• Geist, C., & McManus, P. (2012). Different reasons, different results: Implications of migration by gender and family status. Demography, 49, 197–217.10.1007/s13524-011-0074-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GMAC, NFTC, & SHRM Global Forum. (2004). Ten years of global relocation trends: 1993–2004. Oakbrook, IL: GMAC.
   Google Scholar
• Goby, V., Ahmed, Z., Annavarjula, M., Ibrahim, D., & Osman-Gani, A. (2002). Determinants of expatriate success: An empirical study of singaporean expatriates in the Peoples Republic of China. Journal of Transnational Management Development, 7, 73–88.10.1300/J130v07n04_06
   Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. (1986). Stigma – Notes on the management of spoiled identity. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster/Touchstone Books.
   Google Scholar
• Green, A., Hogarth, T., & Shackelton, R. (1999). Longer distance commuting as a substitute for migration in Britain: A review of trends, issues and implications. International Journal of Population Geography, 5, 49–67.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1220
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guthrie, J., Ash, R., & Stevens, C. (2003). Are women “better” than men? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18, 229–243.10.1108/02683940310465243
   Google Scholar
• Harvey, M., & Wiese, D. (1998). The dual-career couple: Female expatriates and male trailing spouses. Thunderbird International Business Review, 40, 359–388.10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6874
   Google Scholar
• Haslberger, A. (2010). Gender differences in expatriate adjustment. European J. of International Management, 4, 163–183.10.1504/EJIM.2010.031281
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haslberger, A., & Brewster, C. (2008). The expatriate family: An international perspective. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23, 324–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haslberger, A., & Vaiman, V. (2013). Managing talent of self-initiated expatriates: A neglected source of the global talent flow. In V. Vaiman & A. Haslberger (Eds.), Managing talent of self-initiated expatriates (pp. 1–15). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Hendershott, A. (1995). Moving for work: The sociology of relocating in the 1990s. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, R., & Rodgers, R. H. (1964). The developmental approach. In H. T. Christensen (Ed.), Handbook of marriage and the family (pp. 170–198). Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
   Google Scholar
• Hippler, T. (2009). Why do they go? Empirical evidence of employees’ motives for seeking or accepting relocation. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20, 1381–1401.10.1080/09585190902909889
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofhuisa, J., van der Zeeb, K., & Otten, S. (in press). Dealing with differences: The impact of perceived diversity outcomes on selection and assessment of minority candidates. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. doi: 10.1080/09585192.2015.1072100
   Google Scholar
• Hutchings, K. & Michailova, S. (2016). Towards a more inclusive view of female expatriates. In Y. McNulty and J. Selmer (Eds.), Research Handbook of Expatriates, London: Edward Elgar (forthcoming).
   Google Scholar
• Hutchings, K., French, E., & Hatcher, T. (2008). Lament of the ignored expatriate. Equal Opportunities International, 27, 372–391.10.1108/02610150810874322
   Google Scholar
• Hutchings, K., Lirio, P., & Metcalfe, B. (2012). Gender, globalisation and development: A re-evaluation of the nature of women's global work. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23, 1763–1787.10.1080/09585192.2011.610336
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchings, K., Michailova, S., & Harrison, E. (2013). Neither ghettoed nor cosmopolitan. Management International Review, 53, 291–318.10.1007/s11575-012-0144-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssens, M., Cappellen, T., & Zanoni, P. (2006). Successful female expatriates as agents: Positioning oneself through gender, hierarchy, and culture. Journal of World Business, 41, 133–148.10.1016/j.jwb.2006.01.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, L. (2008). Handle with care: The experiences of children living abroad. Mobility, 29, 185–188.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, M. (2014, July). Single parents networking forum. ANZA Magazine. Singapore, p. 5.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, E., Kristof-Brown, A., Van Vianen, A., De Pater, I., & Klein, M. (2003). Expatriate social ties: Personality antecedents and consequences for adjustment. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 11, 277–288.10.1111/ijsa.2003.11.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshi, S. (2013). LGBT awareness in the Indian workplace. SHRM Online Global HR. Retrieved December 11, 2013, from http://shrm.org/hrdisciplines/global/articles/pages/lgbt-indian-workplace.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, D. (2014). Career anchors and paths: The case of Gay, Lesbian, & Bisexual workers. Human Resource Management Review, 24, 119–130.10.1016/j.hrmr.2013.10.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kearney, S. (2002, December 22). Changing places: Help for children who move schools. The Sunday Telegraph, p. 43.
   Google Scholar
• King, D. (1988). Multiple jeopardy, multiple consciousness: The context of a black feminist ideology. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 14, 42–72.10.1086/494491
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KPMG. (2011). Global assignment policies and practices survey. Geneva: KPMG.
   Google Scholar
• Lackman, C., & Lanasa, J. M. (1993). Family decision-making theory: An overview and assessment. Psychology and Marketing, 10, 81–93.10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6793
   Google Scholar
• Lauring, J., & Selmer, J. (2010). The supportive expatriate spouse: An ethnographic study of spouse involvement in expatriate careers. International Business Review, 1, 59–69.10.1016/j.ibusrev.2009.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R. S. (1966). Psychological stress and the coping process. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R. S. (1993). Coping theory and research: Past, present, and future. Psychosomatic Medicine, 55, 234–247.10.1097/00006842-199305000-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, R., Lee, J.-J., Yu, E., Sun, S.-G., & Liu, W. (2000). Living arrangements and elderly care: The case of Hong Kong. In W. Liu & H. Kendig (Eds.), Who should care for the elderly? (pp. 269–296). Singapore: Singapore University Press & World Scientific Publishing Co.10.1142/4378
   Google Scholar
• Leonard, A. (2004). Sexual minority rights in the workplace. Brandeis Law Journal, 43, 145–164.
   Google Scholar
• Linehan, M. (2002). Senior female international managers: Empirical evidence from Western Europe. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13, 802–814.10.1080/09585190210125930
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lofquist, D. (2012). Multigenerational households: 2009–2011. Washington, DC: United States Census Bureau.
   Google Scholar
• Lowe, K., Downes, M., & Kroeck, K. (1999). The impact of gender and location on the willingness to accept overseas assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10, 223–234.10.1080/095851999340521
   Google Scholar
• Makela, K., & Suutari, V. (2009). Global careers: A social capital paradox. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20, 992–1008.10.1080/09585190902850216
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malecki, J., Day, B., Franklin, N., & D’Argenio, R. (2013). Global mobility and the changing definition of family. Mobility, 34, 48–52.
   Google Scholar
• Mamman, A. (1995). Expatriate adjustment: Dealing with hosts’ attitudes in a foreign assignment. Journal of Transnational Management Development, 1, 49–70.
   Google Scholar
• McDevitt-Pugh, L. (2011). The mobility of corporate lesbians. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 36, 798–806.10.1086/658501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonnell, A., Lamare, R., Gunnigle, P., & Lavelle, J. (2010). Developing tomorrow’s leaders: Evidence of global talent management in multinational enterprises. Journal of World Business, 45, 150–160.10.1016/j.jwb.2009.09.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McFadden, C. (2015). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender careers and human resource development: A systematic literature review. Human Resource Development Review, 14, 125–162.10.1177/1534484314549456
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKeen, C., & Bu, N. (2005). Gender roles: An examination of the hopes and expectations of the next generation of managers in Canada and China. Sex Roles, 52, 533–546.10.1007/s11199-005-3719-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y. (2012). ‘Being dumped in to sink or swim’: An empirical study of organizational support for the trailing spouse. Human Resource Development International, 15, 417–434.10.1080/13678868.2012.721985
   Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y. (2014). Women as female breadwinners in non-traditional expatriate families: Status-reversal marriages, single parents, split families, and lesbian partnerships. In K. Hutchings & S. Michailova (Eds.), Research handbook on women in international management (pp. 332–336). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y. (2015a). Acculturating non-traditional expatriates: A case study of single parent, overseas adoption, split family, and lesbian assignees. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 49, 278–293.10.1016/j.ijintrel.2015.05.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y. (2015b). Till stress do us part: The causes and consequences of expatriate divorce. Journal of Global Mobility, 3, 106–136.
   Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y., & Brewster, C. (2016, February 20–22). Stopping the madness! Overcoming the disinclination to define the ‘meanings’ of expatriate. Proceedings of the U.S. Academy of Management HR division second international conference (HRIC), Sydney, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• McPhail, R., & McNulty, Y. (2015). “Oh, the places you won’t go as an LGBT expatriate!” A study of HR’s duty of care to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender expatriates in dangerous locations. European Journal of International Management, 9, 737–765.10.1504/EJIM.2015.072227
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McPhail, R., McNulty, Y., & Hutchings, K. (2016). Lesbian and gay expatriation: Opportunities, barriers, and challenges for global mobility. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27, 382–406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer. (2014a). Mercer HR worldwide survey of international assignment polices and practices survey. Geneva: Mercer.
   Google Scholar
• Mercer. (2014b). North America LGBT global mobility pulse survey. London: Mercer.
   Google Scholar
• Merignac, O., & Grillat, M.-L. (2012). La constitution et la structuration des réseaux sociaux : un facteur clé de succès de l’expatriation [Setting up and structuring social networks: A key success factor of expatriation]. Management international, 17, 117–131.10.7202/1013681ar
   Google Scholar
• Merignac, O., & Roger, A. (2005). L’impact du conjoint et de la famille sur l’adaptation des cadres expatriés [The impact of spouse and family on expatriate adjustment]. Revue de Gestion des Ressources Humaines, 58, 2–13.
   Google Scholar
• Merignac, O., & Roger, A. (2006). Mobilité internationale: le cas de l’expatriation en célibataire géographique [International mobility: The case of unaccompanied expatriation]. Revue Sciences de Gestion, 52, 63–79.
   Google Scholar
• Meyskens, M., von Glinow, M., Werther, W., & Clarke, L. (2009). The paradox of international talent: Alternative forms of international assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20, 1439–1450.10.1080/09585190902909988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mumma, J. (2001). Relocation issues in today's workforce. Employment Relations Today, 28, 55–65.10.1002/ert.1005.abs
   Google Scholar
• O’Sullivan, S. (2013). The empowering potential of social media for key stakeholders in the repatriation process. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 1, 264–286.10.1108/JGM-05-2013-0025
   Google Scholar
• Office for National Statistics (UK). (2012). Comparing data sources on families and households. Retrieved February 21, 2013, from http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/family-demography/families-and-households/2011/index.html.
   Google Scholar
• ORC Worldwide. (2008). Worldwide survey of international assignment policies and practices. New York, NY: ORC Worldwide.
   Google Scholar
• Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behaviour: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, KY: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Oswin, N. (2014). Queer time in global city Singapore: Neoliberal futures and the ‘freedom to love’. Sexualities, 17, 412–433.10.1177/1363460714524765
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozturk, M., & Rumens, N. (2014). Gay male academics in UK business and management schools: Negotiating heteronormativities in everyday work life. British Journal of Management, 25, 503–517.10.1111/bjom.2014.25.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paik, Y., & Vance, C. (2002). Evidence of back-home selection bias against US female expatriates. Women in Management Review, 17, 68–79.10.1108/09649420210421772
   Google Scholar
• Parker, K., Passel, J., Taylor, P., & Patten, E. (2014). In post-recession era, young adults drive continuing rise in multi-generational living. Washington, DC: Pew Research Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Parkinson, P., Cashmore, J., & Single, J. (2010). The need for reality testing in relocation cases. Family Law Quarterly, 44(1), 1–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson, J. M. (2002). Integrating family resilience and family stress theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 349–360.10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00349.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priola, V., Lasio, D., De Simone, S., & Serri, F. (2014). The sound of silence: Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender discrimination in ‘inclusive organizations’. British Journal of Management, 25, 488–502.10.1111/bjom.2014.25.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punnett, B., Crocker, O., & Stevens, M. (1992). The challenge for women expatriates and spouses: Some empirical evidence. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 3, 585–592.
   Google Scholar
• Reis, S. & McCoach, D. (2000). The underachievement of gifted students: What do we know and where do we go? Gifted Child Quarterly, 44, 152–170.10.1177/001698620004400302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson, J. (2006). Self-directed expatriation: Family matters. Personnel Review, 35, 469–486.10.1108/00483480610670616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocco, T., Landorf, S., & Delgado, A. (2009). Framing the issue/framing the question: Inquiry, inclusion, advocacy, or hostility? Advances in Developing Human Resources, 11, 7–23.
   Google Scholar
• Rodgers, R. H. (1973). Family interaction and transaction: The development approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenblum, C. (2013, December 13). Together again: Multigenerational households on the upswing. The New York Times, p. 6.
   Google Scholar
• Rothausen, T. (1999). ‘Family’ in organizational research: A review and comparison of definitions and measures. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 817–836.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saurine, A. (2013, July 26). Quicker, easier for Australian couples to adopt children while living overseas. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 37.
   Google Scholar
• Selmer, J., & Leung, A. (2002). Career management issues of female business expatriates. Career Development International, 7, 348–358.10.1108/13620430210444376
   Google Scholar
• Selmer, J., & Leung, A. (2003a). Expatriate career intentions of women on foreign assignments and their adjustment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18, 244–258.10.1108/02683940310465252
   Google Scholar
• Selmer, J., & Leung, A. (2003b). Personal characteristics of female vs male business expatriates. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 3, 195–212.10.1177/14705958030032004
   Google Scholar
• Selmer, J., & Leung, A. (2003c). Provision and adequacy of corporate support to male expatriate spouses. Personnel Review, 32, 9–21.10.1108/00483480310454691
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selmer, J., & Leung, A. (2007). Symptom and problem focused coping strategies of business women expatriates and their socio-cultural adjustment in Hong Kong. Women in Management Review, 22, 588–605.10.1108/09649420710825742
   Google Scholar
• Shortland, S. (2009). Gender diversity in expatriation: Evaluating theoretical perspectives. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 24, 365–386.10.1108/17542410910968814
   Google Scholar
• Sidani, Y., & Al Hakim, Z. (2012). Work–family conflicts and job attitudes of single women: A developing country perspective. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23, 1376–1393.10.1080/09585192.2011.579919
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silver, M. (2014, 15 January). In many cultures, gay life is fraught with risk. Sydney Morning Herald, p. C15.
   Google Scholar
• Simens, J. (2011). Emotional resilience and the expat child. Great Britain: Summertime Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Solimine, K. (2015, September 1). Expat adoptions raise logistical, legal, cultural challenges. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 1, 2015 from http://blogs.wsj.com/expat/2015/09/01/expat-adoptions-raise-logistical-legal-cultural-challenges/.
   Google Scholar
• Stahl, G., Björkmann, I., Farndale, E., Morris, S., Paauwe, J., Stiles, P., & Wright, P. (2012). Leveraging your talent: Six principles of effective global talent management. MIT Sloan Management Review, 53, 25–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strachan, S., Burgess, J., & Sullivan, A. (2004). Affirmative action or managing diversity: What is the future of equal opportunity policies in organisations? Women in Management Review, 19, 196–204.10.1108/09649420410541263
   Google Scholar
• Suddaby, R. (2010). Construct clarity in theories of management and organization. Academy of Management Review, 35, 346–357.10.5465/AMR.2010.51141319
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan, S., Aldred, G., & Taylor, J. (2013, August 9–13). The link between expatriate family issues and a shrinking – and changing – talent pool: What we know and where we need more research. Paper presented at the US Academy of Management, Lake Beuna Vista, FL, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Süssmuth-Dyckerhoff, C., Wang, J., & Chen, J. (2012). Women matter: An Asia perspective – Harnessing female talent to raise corporate performance. Shanghai: McKinsey & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Tan, T. (2011, November 7). Privately run special needs schools sprouting up. The Straits Times, p. 7.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, S., Napier, N., & Mayrhofer, W. (2002). Women in global business: Introduction. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13, 739–742.10.1080/09585190210125886
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, P., Passel, J., Fry, R., Morin, R., Wang, W., Velasco, G., & Dockterman, D. (2010). The return of the multi-generational family household. Washington, DC: Pew Research Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Tharenou, P. (2008). Disruptive decisions to leave home: Gender and family differences in expatriation choices. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 105, 183–200.10.1016/j.obhdp.2007.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tharenou, P. (2010). Women’s self-initiated expatriation as a career option and its ethical issues. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 73–88.10.1007/s10551-009-0348-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Straits Times. (2015a, January, 13). Egypt court acquits 26 of ‘debauchery’. The Straits Times, p. A17.
   Google Scholar
• The Straits Times (2015b, May 21). Ireland’s voters set to decide on same-sex marriage. The Straits Times, p. A31.
   Google Scholar
• Tung, R. (1998). American expatriates abroad: From neophytes to cosmopolitans. Journal of World Business, 33, 125–144.10.1016/S1090-9516(98)90002-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tung, R. (2004). Female expatriates Organizational Dynamics, 33, 243–253.10.1016/j.orgdyn.2004.06.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNDP. (2014). Gert Ceville-Danielsen: Making equality work. Oslo Governance Centre. Retrieved September 15, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BE5YMQEzfXA.
   Google Scholar
• Ungar, M. (2000). State violence and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights. New Political Science, 22, 61–75.10.1080/073931400113521
   Google Scholar
• Vijayan, K. (2013, 13 October). ‘Better reasons needed’ for gay sex law. The Sunday Times, p. 23.
   Google Scholar
• Weeks, K., Weeks, M., & Willis-Muller, K. (2010). The adjustment of expatriate teenagers. Personnel Review, 39, 24–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westwood, R., & Leung, S. (1994). The Female expatriate manager experience. International Studies of Management and Organization, 24, 64–85.10.1080/00208825.1994.11656638
   Google Scholar
• White, J. M. (1991). Dynamics of family development: A theoretical perspective. New York, NY: Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Whitmore, J. (1980). Giftedness, conflict and underachievement. Boston, MA: Allen & Bacon.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, A. (1996). How we find ourselves: Identity development and two spirit people. Harvard Educational Review, 66, 303–318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worldwide ERC. (2008). Family issues survey. Arlington, VA: Worldwide ERC.
   Google Scholar
• Worldwide ERC. (2011). 2011 US mobility survey. Arlington, VA: Worldwide ERC.
   Google Scholar
• Wroughton, L., & Heavey, S. (2013, August 2). US says visas from gay spouses will get equal treatment. Reuters. Retrieved October 11, 2014 from http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/08/02/us-usa-gays-visas-idUSBRE9710NT20130802.
   Google Scholar
• Zaccheus, M. (2015, March 22). Family travel policies for gay partners? Lesbians and child get travel claim approved, but insurers divided over how to deal with such cases. The Straits Times, p. 15.
   Google Scholar