References
- Jung YT, Narayanan NC, Cheng Y-L. Cost comparison of centralized and decentralized wastewater management systems using optimization model. J Environ Manage. 2018;213:90–97. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.081
- Oakley SM, Gold AJ, Oczkowski AJ. Nitrogen control through decentralized wastewater treatment: process performance and alternative management strategies. Ecol Eng. 2010;36:1520–1531. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.04.030
- Richards S, Paterson E, Withers PJ, et al. Septic tank discharges as multi-pollutant hotspots in catchments. Sci Tot Environ. 2016;542:854–863. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.160
- Withers PJ, Jarvie HP, Stoate C. Quantifying the impact of septic tank systems on eutrophication risk in rural headwaters. Environ Int. 2011;37:644–653. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.01.002
- Yang Y-Y, Toor GS, Wilson PC, et al. Micropollutants in groundwater from septic systems: Transformations, transport mechanisms, and human health risk assessment. Water Res. 2017;123:258–267. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.054
- Metcalf and Eddy, Inc. Wastewater engineering, treatment and reuse. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2003.
- Capodaglio AG, Callegari A, Cecconet D, et al. Sustainability of decentralized wastewater treatment technologies. Water Pract Technol. 2017;12(2):463–477. doi: 10.2166/wpt.2017.055
- Gill LW, O'Luanaigh N, Johnston PM, et al. Nutrient loading on subsoils from on-site wastewater effluent, comparing septic tank and secondary treatment systems. Water Res. 2009;43:2739–2749. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.024
- Capodaglio AG. Integrated, decentralized wastewater management for resource recovery in rural and peri-urban areas. Resources. 2017;6(2):22. doi: 10.3390/resources6020022
- Capodaglio AG, Ghilardi P, Boguniewicz-Zablocka J. New paradigms in urban water management for conservation and sustainability. Water Pract Tech. 2016;11:176–186. doi: 10.2166/wpt.2016.022
- Khan MA, Ngo HH, Guo W. Can membrane bioreactor be a smart option for water treatment? Bioresour Technol Rep. 2018;4:80–87. doi: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.09.002
- Cecconet D, Callegari A, Hlavinek P, et al. Membrane bioreactors for sustainable, fit-for-purpose greywater treatment: a critical review. Clean Technol Envion Policy. 2019;21:745–762. doi: 10.1007/s10098-019-01679-z
- Ren B, Li C, Zhang X, et al. Fe(II)-dosed ceramic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment: nutrient removal, microbial community and membrane fouling analysis. Sci Total Environ. 2019;664:116–126. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.019
- Capodaglio AG, Callegari A. Domestic wastewater treatment with a decentralized simple technology biomass concentrator reactor. J WaSH. 2016;6(3):507–510.
- Cecconet D, Sale EO, Callegari A, et al. Wastewater treatment with a new electrically enhanced biomass concentrator reactor: trial application and technological perspectives. Environ Tech. 2019;40(7):896–902. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1410581
- Giwa A, Jung SM, Kong J, et al. Combined process of electrically-membrane bioreactor and TiO2 aerogel filtration for efficient wastewater treatment. J Water Process Eng. 2019;28:107–114. doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.01.009
- Andalib M, Nakhla G, Zhu J. Biological nutrient removal using a novel laboratory-scale twin fluidized bed bioreactor. Chem Eng Technol. 2010;33:1125–1136. doi: 10.1002/ceat.201000079
- Chowdhury N, Nakhla G, Zhu J, et al. Pilot-scale experience with biological nutrient removal and biomass yield reduction in a liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactor. Water Environ Res. 2010;82(9):772–781. doi: 10.2175/106143010X12609736967080
- Chowdhury N, Zhu J, Nakhla G, et al. A novel liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactor for biological nutrient removal from municipal wastewater. Chem Eng Technol. 2009;32(3):364–372. doi: 10.1002/ceat.200800564
- Cui Y-B, Nakhla G, Zhu J-X, et al. Simultaneous carbon and nitrogen removal in an anoxic-aerobic circulating fluidized bed biological reactor (CFBBR). Environ Technol. 2004;25(6):699–712. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2004.9619360
- Islam M, Nakhla G, Zhu J, et al. Impact of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nutrient removal in a liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactor (LSCFB). Process Biochem. 2009;44:578–583. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.02.003
- Nelson MJ, Nakhla G, Zhu J. Fluidized-bed bioreactor applications for biological wastewater treatment: a review of research and developments. Engineering. 2017;3(3):330–342. doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.021
- Patel A, Zhu J-X, Nakhla G. Simultaneous carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater in a circulating fluidized bed bioreactor. Chemosphere. 2006;65(7):1103–1112. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.047
- Zhu J, Zhen Y, Karamanev D, et al. (Gas-)Liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds and the potential applications to bioreactor engineering. Can J Chem Eng. 2000 February;78:82–94. doi: 10.1002/cjce.5450780113
- Guangdong Province AoQaTSo. (1990). Discharge standards of pollutants in Guangzhou, s.l.: s.n.
- China MoEaEo. (2012). Discharge standards of pollutants for municipal wastewater Treatment Plants, s.l.: s.n.
- U.S. EPA. (2004). Guidelines for water reuse, 2004: EPA-625/R-04-004.
- USEPA. Estimating sludge management costs. Cincinnati (OH): USEPA; 1985.
- RSMeans Data. Construction cost indexes. Rockland (MA): Gordian; 2019.
- Cheng Z-M, Huang Z-B, Yang T, et al. Modeling on scale-up of an ebullated-bed reactor for the hydroprocessing of vacuum residuum. Catal Today. 2014;220–222:228–236. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.08.021