References
- Alabaster , J.S. and Lloyd , R. 1980 . Water quality criteria for freshwater fish. , 189 – 214 . London : Butterworths .
- Brungs , W.A. , Leonard , E.N. and Mckin , J.M. 1973 . Acute and long‐term accumulation of copper by the brown bullhead Ictalurus nebulosus . J. Fish Res. Board Can. , 30 : 583
- Buckley , J.A. , Yoshida , G.A. and Wells , N.R. 1984 . A cupric ion‐copper bioaccumulation relationship in coho salmon exposed to copper containing terated sewage . Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , 73C : 105
- Calamari , D. and Marchetti , R. 1973 . The toxicity of mixtures of metals and surfactants to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) . Water Res. , 7 : 1453
- Cuthbert , A.W. and Maetz , J. 1972 . The effects of calcium and magnesium on sodium fluxes through the gills of Carassius auratus. L. . J. Physiol. , 221 : 633
- Dixon , D.G. and Leduc , G. 1981 . Chronic cyanide poisoning of rainbow trout and its effects on growth, respiration and liver histopathology . Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 10 : 117
- Drbal , K. and Budejovice , C . 1976 . Relationship between content of copper in fish, plankton and lake water . Zivocisma Vyroba. , 21 : 925
- EIFAC ‐ T 27, Critères de qualité des eaux pour les poissons d'eau douce européens. Rapport sur le cuivre et les poissons d'eau douce, 1976.
- Harrison , F.L. 1986 . Reviews in Environmental Toxicology , Edited by: Hodgson , E. Vol. 117 , 250 Elsevier .
- Howarth , R.S. and Sprague , J.B. 1978 . Copper lethality to rainbow trout in waters of various hardness and pH . Water Res. , 12 : 455
- Knox , D. , Cowey , C.B. and Adron , J.W. 1982 . Effects of dietary copper and copper, zinc, ratio on rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) . Aquaculture , 27 : 111
- Mckin , J.M. and Benoit , D.A. 1974 . Duration of toxicity tests for establishing “no effect”;. concentrations for copper with brook trout . J. Fish Res. Bd. Can. , 30 : 698
- Miller , T.G. and Mackay , W.C. 1980 . The effects of hardness, alkalinity and pH of test water on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) . Water Res. , 114 : 129
- Muramoto , S. 1981 . Effects of complexans on the exposure of high concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc and lead . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 25 : 941
- Muramoto , S. 1983 . Elimination of copper from copper contaminated fish by long‐term exposure to EDTA and freshwater . J. Environ. Sci. Health , A 18 : 455
- Pagenkopf , G.K. 1983 . Gill surface interaction model for trace‐metal toxicity to fishes: role of complexation, pH, and water hardness . Environ. Sci. Technol , 17 : 342
- Potts , W.T.W. and Fleming , W.R. 1971 . The effects of environmental calcium and ovine prolactin on sodium balance in Fundulus Kausae . J. Exp. Biol. , 55 : 63
- Segner , H and Moller , H. 1984 . Electron microscopical investigation on starvation‐induced liver pathology in flounders Platichthys flesus . Mar. Ecol. Program. Serv. , 19 : 193
- Solbe , J.F. , Del , G. and Cooper , V.A. 1976 . Studies on the toxicity of copper sulphate to stone loach Neomacheilus barbatulus L. in hard water . Water Res. , 10 : 523
- VanHoff , F. and van San , M. 1981 . Analysis of copper, zinc, cadmium and chromium in fish tissues. A tool for detecting metal caused fish kills . Chemosphere , 10 : 1127
- Villegas‐Navarro , A. and Villarreal‐Treviño , C.M. 1989 . Differencial uptake of zinc, copper, and lead in texas cichlid (Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum) . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 42 : 761
- Wiener , J.G. and Giesy , J.P. Jr . 1979 . Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in fishes in a highly organic soft water pond . J. Fish Res. Board Can. , 36 : 270
- Stokes , P.M. 1979 . “ Copper accumulations in freshwater biota ” . In Copper in the Environment, Part.l Ecological Cycling, , Edited by: Nriagu , J.O. 357 New York : Wiley .