References
- Patterson GR, Dishion TJ, Yoerger K. Adolescent growth in new forms of problem behaviour: macro and micro-peer dynamics. Prev Sci 2000;1:3–13.
- Houghton S, Caroll A, Odgers P, Allsop S. Young children, adolescents and alcohol. Part II: reputation enhancement and self-concept. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse 1998;7:31–55.
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. National Drug Strategy Household Survey, 1998 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1999.
- Lynskey M, White V, Hill D, Letcher T et al. The prevalence of illicit drug use among youth: results from the Australian School Students’ Alcohol and Drugs Survey. Aust NZ J Public Health 1999; 23:519–24.
- Howard J, Zibert E. Curious, bored and wanting to feel good: thedrug use of detained young offenders. Drug Alcohol Rev 1990;3:225–31.
- Hando J, Howard J, Zibert E. Risky drug practices and treatment needs of youth detained in New South Wales Juvenile Justice Centre. Drug Alcohol Rev 1997;16:137–45.
- Copeland J, Howard J, Fleischmann S. Gender, HIV knowl- edge and risk-taking behaviour among substance using adolescents in custody in New South Wales. J Subst Misuse 1998;3:206–12.
- Hollin CR, ed. Working with young offenders. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 1996.
- McGuire J, ed. What works: reducing offending, guidelines from research and practice. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
- Blackburn R. The psychology of criminal conduct: theory, research and practice. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 1993.
- Andrews DA, Bonta J. Psychology of criminal conduct. Cinncinatti, OH: Anderson Publishing, 1994.
- Milgram GG. Adolescents, alcohol and aggression. J Stud Alcohol 1993;S11:53–61.
- Salmelainen P. The Correlates of offending frequency: a study of juvenile theft offenders in detention. Sydney: New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 1995.
- Copeland J, Howard J. Substance abuse and juvenile crime. In: Borowski A, O’Connor I, eds. Juvenile crime, juvenile justice and juvenile corrections. Melbourne:, Longman Cheshire, 1997;167-89.
- Johnson BD, Wish ED, Schmeidler J, Huizinga D. Concen- tration of delinquent offending: Serious drug involvement and high delinquency rates. J Drug Issues 1991;21:205–29.
- Dembo R, Williams L, Fagan J, Schmeidler J. Development and assessment of a classification of high risk youth. J Drug Issues 1994;24:25–53.
- Nurco DN, Kinlock T, Balter MB. The severity of preaddic- tion criminal behavior among urban male narcotic addicts and two nonaddicted control groups. J Res Crime Delinquency 1993;30:293–316.
- Elliott DS, Huizinga D, Ageton SS. Explaining delinquency and drug use. California: Sage, 1985.
- Darke S, Hall W, Heather N, Ward J, Wodak A. The reliability and validity of a scale to measure HIV risk-taking behaviour among intravenous drug users. AIDS 1991;5:181–5.
- Australian Bureau of Statistics. State of New South Wales: 1996 census of population and housing, 2000. http://www.abs.gov.au.
- Spooner C, Mattick RP, Noffs W. A study of the patterns and correlates of substance use among adolescents applying for drug treatment. Aust NZ J Public Health 2000;24:492–502.
- Johnson D. Age of illicit drug initiation. Trends and issues in crime and criminal justice, no. 201. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2001.
- Topp L, Darke S, Bruno R et al. Australian drug trends 2000: findings from the Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS). NDARC monograph no. 47. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, 2001.
- Copeland J, Hall W, Didcott P. Comparison of a specialist women’s alcohol and other drug service with two traditional mixed-sex services: client characteristics and treatment out- come. Drug Alcohol Depend 1993;32:81–92.