Psychometric properties of the childhood executive functioning inventory (CHEXI): A confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance by sex and age in Iranian children

References

• Abdolmohamadi, K., Alizadeh, H., Farhad, G., Taiebli, M., & fathi, A. (2018). Psychometric properties of Behavioral Rating Scale of Executive Functions (BRIEF) in children aged 6 to 12 years. Quarterly of Educational Measurement, 8(30), 135–151. https://doi.org/10.22054/jem.2018.24457.1596
   Google Scholar
• Amani, M., Asady Gandomani, R., & Nesayan, A. (2018). The Reliability and Validity of Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions Tool Teacher’s Form Among Iranian Primary School Students. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 16(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.29252/nrip.irj.16.1.25
   Google Scholar
• Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1994). Developments in the concept of working memory. Neuropsychology, 8(4), 485–493. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.485
   Google Scholar
• Baggetta, P., & Alexander, P. A. (2016). Conceptualization and operationalization of executive function. Mind, Brain, and Education, 10(1), 10–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/mbe.12100
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121(1), 65–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley, R. A. (2012a). Barkley deficits in executive functioning scale–children and adolescents (BDEFS-CA). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barkley, R. A. (2012b). Executive functions: What they are, how they work, and why they evolved. Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barkley, R. A. (2014). The assessment of executive functioning using the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scales. In S. Goldstein & J. A. Naglieri (Eds.), Handbook of executive functioning (pp. 245–263). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8106-5_15
   Google Scholar
• Barkley, R. A., & Fischer, M. (2011). Predicting impairment in major life activities and occupational functioning in hyperactive children as adults: Self-reported executive function (EF) deficits versus EF tests. Developmental Neuropsychology, 36(2), 137–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2010.549877
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley, R. A., & Murphy, K. R. (2011). The nature of executive function (EF) deficits in daily life activities in adults with ADHD and their relationship to performance on EF tests. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 33(2), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9217-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Camerota, M., Willoughby, M. T., Kuhn, L. J., & Blair, C. B. (2018). The Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI): Factor structure, measurement invariance, and correlates in US preschoolers. Child Neuropsychology, 24(3), 322–337. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2016.1247795
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catale, C., Lejeune, C., Merbah, S., & Meulemans, T. (2013). French adaptation of the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI): Confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of young French-speaking Belgian children. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 29(2), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catale, C., Meulemans, T., & Thorell, L. B. (2015). The childhood executive function inventory: confirmatory factor analyses and cross-cultural clinical validity in a sample of 8- to 11-year-old children. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19(6), 489–495. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054712470971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crisci, G., Caviola, S., Cardillo, R., & Mammarella, I. C. (2021). Executive functions in neurodevelopmental disorders: Comorbidity overlaps between attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorders. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 35. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.594234
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davey, A., & Savla, J. (2010). Statistical power analysis with missing data: A structural equation modeling approach. Taylor & Francis Group.
   Google Scholar
• Dawson, P., & Guare, R. (2018). Executive skills in children and adolescents: A practical guide to assessment and intervention. Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual review of psychology, 64(1), 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engle, R. W., & Kane, M. J. (2004). Executive Attention, Working Memory Capacity, and a Two-Factor Theory of Cognitive Control. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory, Vol. 44 (pp. 145–199). Elsevier Science.
   Google Scholar
• Ezpeleta, L., Granero, R., Penelo, E., de la Osa, N., & Domènech, J. M. (2015). Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning–Preschool (BRIEF-P) applied to teachers: Psychometric properties and usefulness for disruptive disorders in 3-year-old preschoolers. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19(6), 476–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054712466439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gioia, G. A., Espy, K. A., Isquith, P. K., & Kenworthy, L. (2015). Behavior rating inventory of executive function(2nd ed.). Psychological Assessment Resources.
   Google Scholar
• Gioia, G. A., Isquith, P. K., Guy, S. C., & Kenworthy, L. (2000). Behavior rating inventory of executive function: BRIEF. Psychological Assessment Resources.
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein, S., Naglieri, J. A., Princiotta, D., & Otero, T. M. (2014). Handbook of Executive Functioning. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Gutierrez, M., Arán Filippetti, V., & Lemos, V. (2021). The Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI) Parent and Teacher Form: Factor Structure and Cognitive Correlates in Spanish-speaking Children from Argentina. Developmental Neuropsychology, 46(2), 136–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2021.1878175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, R. (2014). Handbook of univariate and multivariate data analysis with IBM statistics. CRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamradt, J. M., Nikolas, M. A., Burns, G. L., Garner, A. A., Jarrett, M. A., Luebbe, A. M., & Becker, S. P. (2021). Barkley deficits in executive functioning scale (BDEFS): Validation in a large multisite college sample. Assessment, 28(3), 964–976. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191119869823
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kayhan, E. (2010). A validation study of the Executive Functioning Inventory: Behavioral correlates of exec- utive functioning. Bogazici University.
   Google Scholar
• Ledochowski, J., Andrade, B. F., & Toplak, M. E. (2019). A novel unstructured performance-based task of executive function in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(5), 445–459. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2019.1567694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Loring, D. W., & Fischer, J. S. (2012). Neuropsychological assessment (Fifth Edit). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mashhadi, A., Maleki, Z. H., Hasani, J., & Rasoul Zadeh Tabatabie, S. K. (2021). Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale-Children and Adolescents. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 10(4), 369–376. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2020.1726352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2016). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Sage publications.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, D. C., & Maricle, D. E. (2019). Essentials of school neuropsychological assessment. John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, M. R., Giesbrecht, G. F., Müller, U., McInerney, R. J., & Kerns, K. A. (2012). A latent variable approach to determining the structure of executive function in preschool children. Journal of Cognition and Development, 13(3), 395–423. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2011.585478
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyake, A., & Friedman, N. P. (2012). The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: Four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(1), 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411429458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex “frontal lobe” tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41(1), 49–100. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1999.0734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naglieri, J. A., & Goldstein, S. (2014). Using the Comprehensive Executive Function Inventory (CEFI) to assess executive function: From theory to application. In S. Goldstein & J. A. Naglieri (Eds.), Handbook of executive functioning (pp. 223–244). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8106-5_14
   Google Scholar
• Norman D. A., & Shallice T. (1986). Attention to action. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro. (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0629-1_1
   Google Scholar
• Pineda-Alhucema, W., Aristizabal, E., Escudero-Cabarcas, J., Acosta-Lopez, J. E., & Vélez, J. I. (2018). Executive function and theory of mind in children with ADHD: A systematic review. Neuropsychology Review, 28(3), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-018-9381-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth, R. M., Isquith, P. K., & Gioia, G. A. (2014). Assessment of executive functioning using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). In S. Goldstein & J. A. Naglieri (Eds.), Handbook of executive functioning (pp. 301–331). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8106-5_18
   Google Scholar
• Soto, E. F., Kofler, M. J., Singh, L. J., Wells, E. L., Irwin, L. N., Groves, N. B., & Miller, C. E. (2020). Executive functioning rating scales: Ecologically valid or construct invalid? Neuropsychology, 34(6), 605–619. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa, V. D., & Rojjanasrirat, W. (2011). Translation, adaptation and validation of instruments or scales for use in cross-cultural health care research: a clear and user-friendly guideline. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 17(2), 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01434.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th Editio). Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Thorell L. B., & Catale C. (2014). The assessment of executive functioning using the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI). In S. Goldstein, & J. Naglieri. (Eds.), Handbook of executive functioning. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8106-5_20
   Google Scholar
• Thorell, L. B., Eninger, L., Brocki, K. C., & Bohlin, G. (2010). Childhood executive function inventory (CHEXI): a promising measure for identifying young children with ADHD? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(1), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803390902806527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorell, L. B., & Nyberg, L. (2008). The childhood executive functioning inventory (CHEXI): a new rating instrument for parents and teachers. Developmental Neuropsychology, 33(4), 536–552. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565640802101516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorell, L. B., Veleiro, A., Siu, A. F. Y., & Mohammadi, H. (2013). Examining the relation between ratings of executive functioning and academic achievement: Findings from a cross-cultural study. Child Neuropsychology, 19(6), 630–638. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2012.727792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toplak, M. E., Bucciarelli, S. M., Jain, U., & Tannock, R. (2009). Executive functions: Performance-based measures and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Child Neuropsychology, 15(1), 53–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297040802070929
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toplak, M. E., West, R. F., & Stanovich, K. E. (2013). Practitioner review: Do performance-based measures and ratings of executive function assess the same construct? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(2), 131–143. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toplak, M. E., West, R. F., & Stanovich, K. E. (2017). Real-world correlates of performance on heuristics and biases tasks in a community sample. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 30(2), 541–554. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1973
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trevisan, B. T., Dias, N. M., Berberian, A. D., & Seabra, A. G. (2017). Childhood executive functioning inventory: Adaptação e propriedades psicométricas da versão Brasileira. Psico-USF, 22(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712017220106
   Google Scholar
• Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/109442810031002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veleiro, A., & Thorell, L. B. (2012, June). Predictive power of executive function ratings on preschool math basic abilities. In Poster presented at the 12th International Conference of Psychology and Education (pp. 21–23).
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, B. A., Alderman, N., Burgess, P. W., Emslie, H., & Evans, J. J. (1996). BADS: Behavioural assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome. Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Z., Peng, P., & Zhang, D. (2020). Executive Function in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis of fMRI Studies. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 50(11), 4022–4038. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04461-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar