References
- Alavanja MC, Hofmann JN, Lynch CF et al. 2014. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study. PLoS One. 9(10):e109332. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109332.
- Bailey J. 2008. First steps in qualitative data analysis: transcribing. Fam Pract. 25(2):127–131. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmn003.
- Barry KH, Koutros S, Lubin JH et al. 2012. Methyl bromide exposure and cancer risk in the Agricultural Health Study. Cancer Causes Control. 23(6):807–818. doi:10.1007/s10552-012-9949-2.
- Baur X, Budnik LT, Zhao Z, Bratveit M, Djurhuus R, Verschoor L, Rubino FM, Colosio C, Jepsen JR, et al. 2015. Health risks in international container and bulk cargo transport due to volatile toxic compounds. J Occup Med Toxicol. 10:19. doi:10.1186/s12995-015-0059-4.
- Baur X, Horneland AM, Fischer A, Stahlmann R, Budnik LT. 2014. How to handle import containers safely. Int Marit Health. 65(3):142–157. doi:10.5603/IMH.2014.0029.
- Baur X, Poschadel B, Budnik LT. 2010. High frequency of fumigants and other toxic gases in imported freight containers–an underestimated occupational and community health risk. Occup Environ Med. 67(3):207–212. doi:10.1136/oem.2008.043893.
- Benassai S. 2011. CLP Regulation and the transport of dangerous goods. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 47(2):153–156. 10.4415/ANN_11_02_06.
- Budnik LT, Austel N, Gadau S et al. 2017. Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. PLoS One. 12(5):e0177363. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177363.
- Chan WR, Cohn S, Sidheswaran M, Sullivan DP, Fisk WJ. 2015. Contaminant levels, source strengths, and ventilation rates in California retail stores. Indoor Air. 25(4):381–392. doi:10.1111/ina.12152.
- Commission of the European Communities. 2006. Commission Directive 2006/15/EC of 7 February 2006 establishing a second list of indicative occupational exposure limit values in implementation of Council Directive 98/24/EC and amending Directives 91/322/EEC and 2000/39/EC. [ accessed 2016 Dec 10].
- Council of the European Union. 1998. Council Directive 98/24/EC of 7 April 1998 on the protection of the health and safety of workers from the risks related to chemical agents at work. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10].
- Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS). 2002. Hydrogen cyanide, sodium cyanide, and potassium cyanide: health-based recommended occupational exposure limits. Health Council of the Netherlands;. [ accessed 2021 Dec 11]. https://www.healthcouncil.nl/documents/advisory-reports/2002/10/29/hydrogencyanide-sodiumcyanate-and-potassiumcyanate
- Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS). 2003. Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit on formaldehyde. Health Council of the Netherlands. Accessed 11 Dec 2021 https://www.healthcouncil.nl/documents/advisory-reports/2003/01/27/formaldehyde
- Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS). 2004. Methylchloride: Evaluation of the effects on reproduction, recommendation for classification. Health Council of the Netherlands; [ accessed 2021 Dec 11]. https://www.healthcouncil.nl/documents/advisory-reports/2004/09/30/methylchloride
- Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS). 2008. Occupational exposure to organic solvents: effects on human reproduction. Health Council of the Netherlands. Publication no. 2019/16. 11 December 2021 https://www.healthcouncil.nl/documents/advisory-reports/2019/08/27/12-dichloorethaan .
- Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS). 2014. Health-Based recommended occupational exposure limit on benzene. Health Council of the Netherlands; [ accessed 2021 Dec 11]. https://www.healthcouncil.nl/documents/advisory-reports/2014/02/21/benzene-health-based-recommended-occupational-exposure-limit
- Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS). 2019. Recommended exposure limit for 1,2-dichloroethane. Health Council of the Netherlands; [ accessed 2021 Dec 11]. https://www.healthcouncil.nl/latest/news/2019/08/27/advies-voor-grenswaarde-12-dichloorethaan
- European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. 2018. Health risks and prevention practices during handling of fumigated containers in ports. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. ( Accessed 10 Dec 2021).
- European Parliament and of the Council. 2004. Directive 2004/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32004L0037&from=EN
- European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 2008. Directive 2008/68/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 September 2008 on the inland transport of dangerous goods. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32008L0068&from=EN
- European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 2019. Directive (EU) 2019/130 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 January 2019 amending Directive 2004/37/EC on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32019L0130&from=EN
- EüM. 2000. The 26/2000 Decree on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work. Hungary; [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2000-26-20-0B
- EüM-SZCSM. 2000. The 25/2000 Decree on the chemical safety at work made by the Hungarian Ministry of Health. Hungary; [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2000-25-00-00
- Falzone L, Marconi A, Loreto C, Franco S, Spandidos DA, Libra M. 2016. Occupational exposure to carcinogens: Benzene, pesticides and fibers (Review). Mol Med Rep. 14(5):4467–4474. doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5791.
- FVM. 2010. The 43/2010 Decree on plant protection activities. Hungary; [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2010-43-20-82
- Hinz R, Mannetje A’, Glass B, McLean D, Pearce N, Douwes J. 2020. Exposures to fumigants and residual chemicals in workers handling cargo from shipping containers and export logs in New Zealand. Ann Work Expo Health. 64(8):826–837. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxaa052.
- Hungarian Country Assembly. 2008. The Act 44 of 2008 on Food Chain and its Authority Control. Hungary; [ accessed 2010 Dec 10]. https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=a0800046.tv
- International Maritime Fumigation Organisation. 2010. Code of practice on safety and efficacy for marine fumigation. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://www.imfo.com/assets/files/IMFO_Code_of_Practice.pdf
- International Maritime Organization. 2010. Recommendations on the safe use of pesticides in ships. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://www.mardep.gov.hk/en/msnote/pdf/msin1028anx1.pdf
- International Maritime Organization. 2011. Revised recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://puc.overheid.nl/nsi/doc/PUC_1371_14/1/
- International Maritime Organization. 2018. The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://www.imo.org/en/publications/Pages/IMDG%20Code.aspx
- Johanson G, Svedberg U. 2020. A novel method for pre-ventilation of shipping containers. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 230:113626. doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113626.
- Kloth S, Baur X, Göen T, Budnik LT. 2014. Accidental exposure to gas emissions from transit goods treated for pest control. Environmental Health. 13:110. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-13-110.
- Knol-de Vos T. Measuring the amount of gas in import containers. Letter report 729/02/IEM, RIVM report 609021025/2003. 2002.https://rivm.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10029/9020/609021025.pdf?sequence=1 (Accessed on 10 Dec 2021)
- Lovas S, Nagy K, Sándor J, Ádám B. 2021. Presumed exposure to chemical pollutants and experienced health impacts among warehouse workers at logistics companies: a cross-sectional survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 18(13):7052. doi:10.3390/ijerph18137052.
- Łukasik Z, Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska A, Kozyra J. 2017. Transport of dangerous goods by road from a European aspect. Sci J Sil Univ Technol. 95:109–119. doi:10.20858/sjsutst.2017.95.11
- Luyts L, Mück O. 2011. Container-Sicherheit auf Terminals in Benelux-Ländern: Praktische Erfahrungen. Zentralblatt Für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz Und Ergonomie. 61(12):408–411. doi:10.1007/BF03345027.
- Maritime Safety Committee. 2010. Revised recommendations on the safe use of pesticides in ships applicable to the fumigation of cargo transport units. [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://puc.overheid.nl/nsi/doc/PUC_1998_14/1/
- Matsukawa T, Yokoyama K, Itoh H. 2015. Ocular irritation from product of pesticide degradation among workers in a seed warehouse. Ind Health. 53(1):95–99. doi:10.2486/indhealth.2014-0147.
- NFM. 2013. The 61/2013 Decree on the inland transport of dangerous goods. Hungary; [ accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2013-61-20-2W
- Nicas M. 2003. Estimating methyl bromide exposure due to offgassing from fumigated commodities. Appl Occup Environ Hyg. 18(3):200–210. doi:10.1080/10473220301358.
- Nirlo EL, Crain N, Corsi RL, Siegel JA. 2014. Volatile organic compounds in fourteen U.S. retail stores. Indoor Air. 24(5):484–494. doi:10.1111/ina.12101.
- Park MG, Choi J, Hong YS et al. 2020. Negative effect of methyl bromide fumigation work on the central nervous system. PLoS One. 15(8):e0236694. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236694.
- Park MG, Hong YS, Park CG, Gu DC, Mo HH. 2021. Variations in methyl bromide concentration with distance and time during quarantine fumigation. Environ Monit Assess. 193(7):397. doi:10.1007/s10661-021-09154-3.
- Pedersen RNF, Jepsen JR, Ádám B. 2014. Regulation and practice of workers’ protection from chemical exposures during container handling. J Occup Med Toxicol. 9:33. doi:10.1186/s12995-014-0033-6.
- Rahman MA, Rossner A, Hopke PK. 2017. Occupational exposure of aldehydes resulting from the storage of wood pellets. J Occup Environ Hyg. 14(6):417–426. doi:10.1080/15459624.2017.1285491.
- Robert L, Guichard R, Klingler J. 2021. Work exposure to VOC in storage areas of retail stores. Ann Work Expo Health. 65(3):319–331. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxaa103.
- Saunders B, Sim J, Kingstone T, Baker S, Waterfield J, Bartlam B, Burroughs HJinks C, et al. 2018. Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Qual Quant. 52(4):1893–1907. doi:10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8.
- Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL) 1995. Recommendation from the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for Carbon monoxide European Commission; Accessed 2021 Dec 11]. http://ec.europa.eu/social/BlobServlet?docId=8812&langId=en
- Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL). 2004. Recommendation from the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for methyl bromide. European Commission; [ accessed 2021 Dec 11]. https://ec.europa.eu/social/BlobServlet?langId=en&docId=6684&
- Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL). 2013. Recommendation from the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits. European Commission; [ accessed 2021 Dec 9]. https://ec.europa.eu/social/BlobServlet?docId=3803&langId=en
- Svedberg U, Johanson G. 2013. Work inside ocean freight containers–personal exposure to off-gassing chemicals. Ann Occup Hyg. 57(9):1128–1137. doi:10.1093/annhyg/met033.
- Svedberg U, Johanson G. 2017. Occurrence of fumigants and hazardous off-gassing chemicals in shipping containers arriving in Sweden. Ann Work Expo Health. 61(2):195–206. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxw022.
- United Nations. 2019. Recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods – model regulations. Twenty-first revised edition. [accessed 2021 Dec 10]. https://unece.org/rev-21-2019
- Van de Sijpe P, Lucas D, Canals ML, Jensen O. 2020. Acute occupational phosphine intoxications in the maritime shipping sector: Belgian and French reported cases. Int Marit Health. 71(3):151–159. doi:10.5603/IMH.2020.0028.
- Yadav D, Bhattacharyya R, Banerjee D. 2021. Acute aluminum phosphide poisoning: the menace of phosphine exposure. Clin Chim Acta. 520:34–42. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2021.05.026.
- Zhu J, Dhammi A, van Kretschmar JB, Vargo EL, Apperson CS, Michael Roe R. 2018. Novel use of aliphatic n-methyl ketones as a fumigant and alternative to methyl bromide for insect control. Pest Manag Sci. 74(3):648–657. doi:10.1002/ps.4749.