Competitiveness, diversification and the international higher education cash flow: the EU's higher education discourse amidst the challenges of globalisation

References

• Allen , M. , Benn , C. , Chitty , C. , Cole , M. , Hatcher , R. , Hirtt , N. and Rikowski , G. 1999 . Business, business, business: New Labour's education policy , London : The Tufnell Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ash , M.G. 2008 . “ From ‘Humboldt’ to ‘Bologna’: History as discourse in higher education reform debated in German speaking Europe ” . In Education and the knowledge‐based economy in Europe , Edited by: Jessop , B. , Fairclough , N. and Wodak , R. Rotterdam : Sense .
   Google Scholar
• Baldacchino , G. 2008 . Entrepreneurship in smaller jurisdictions: Appraising a glocal elite . Comparative Education , 44 : 187 – 201 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball , S. 2007 . Education plc: Understanding private sector participation in public sector education , New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Ballio , G. 2008 . “ Lettera del Rettore sul Decreto Gelmini' [Letter from the Rector regarding the Gelmini decree] ” . Alessandro Baffa It . http://www.alessandrobaffa.it/2008/10/28/lettera-del-rettore-sul-decreto-gelmini
   Google Scholar
• Barr , J. 1999 . Liberating knowledge: Research, feminism and adult education , Leicester, , UK : NIACE .
   Google Scholar
• Bauman , Z. 2005 . Liquid life , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Batini , F. 2008 . “ Competenze e Diritto all'Apprendimento' [Competences and the right to learning] ” . In Competenze e Diritto all'Apprendimento [Competences and the right to learning] , Edited by: Batini , F. and Surian , A. 15 – 40 . Massa : Transeuropa .
   Google Scholar
• Borg , C. 2005 . “ The public university and market hegemony: International trends and implications for the future of the University of Malta ” . In University of Malta annual report 2004 , Edited by: University of Malta . 30 – 4 . Msida, , Malta : University of Malta .
   Google Scholar
• Borg , C. and Mayo , P. 2004 . Diluted wine in new bottles: The key messages of the EU memorandum (on lifelong learning) . Lifelong Learning in Europe (LlinE) , IX : 19 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Borg , C. and Mayo , P. 2006 . Learning and social difference: Challenges for public education and critical pedagogy , Boulder, CO : Paradigm .
   Google Scholar
• Borg , C. and Mayo , P. 2008 . Globalisation, Southern Europe and European adult education policy . Policy Futures in Education , 6 ( 6 ) : 701 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , R. 2007 . International competitiveness: Competitiveness and the role of universities , London : The Council for Industry and Higher Education .
   Google Scholar
• Calabro , R. 2008 . “ Voci e storie dei ricercatori in fuga: ‘Non ho pi[ugrave] fiducia nella mia Italia’ [Voices and stories of researchers on the move: ‘I have no faith in my Italy’.] ” . La Repubblica . http://www.repubblica.it/2008/11/sezioni/scuola_e_universita/servizi/ricercatori-iniziativa/ricercatori-in-fuga/ricercatori-in-fuga.html
   Google Scholar
• Carlucci , D. 2008 . “ Università – il crepuscolo dei baroni: Rivolta web nell'ateneo dei privilegi' [University – The twilight of the barons: Web revolt in the athenaeum (university) of privileges] ” . La Repubblica . http://www.repubblica.it/2008/01/sezioni/scuola_e_universita/servizi/concorsopoli-atenei/concorsopoli-atenei/concorsopoli-atenei.html
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2000 . A memorandum on lifelong learning , Brussels : European Commission . Commission staff working paper
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2001a . Making a European area of lifelong learning a reality , Brussels : European Commission . Communication from the Commission
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2001b . On strengthening cooperation with third countries in the field of higher education , Brussels : European Commission . Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2003 . The role of the universities in the Europe of Knowledge , Brussels : European Commission . Communication from the Commission
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2004 . Report on the follow up to the recommendation of the European Parliament and the Council of 10 July 2001 on mobility within the community of students, persons undergoing training, volunteers and teachers and trainers , Brussels : European Commission . Report from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2005 . Annex to the communication from the Commission. Mobilising the brainpower of Europe: Enabling universities to make their full contribution to the Lisbon Strategy. European Higher Education in a Worldwide Perspective , Brussels : European Commission . Commission staff working paper
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2006a . Delivering on the modernisation agenda for universities: Education, research, innovation , Brussels : European Commission . Communication from the Commission to the Council of the European Parliament
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2006b . Implementing the Community Lisbon Programme: Fostering entrepreneurial mindsets through education and learning , Brussels : European Commission . Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions
   Google Scholar
• CEC . 2008 . Decision of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the European Year of Creativity and Innovation (2009) , Brussels : European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Chevallier , T. and Paul , J‐J. 2007 . “ A tale of two reform styles ” . In Towards a cartography of higher education policy change: A festschrift in honour of Guy Neave , Edited by: Enders , J. and van Vught , F. 213 – 20 . Enschede : Center for Higher Education and Policy Studies (CHEPS), University of Twente .
   Google Scholar
• . Confederation of EU Rectors' Conferences and Association of European Universities . The Bologna Declaration: On the European space for higher education, an explanation . European Commission . ec.europa.eu/education/policies/educ/bologna/bologna.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dale , R. 1999 . Specifying globalization effects on national policy: A focus on the mechanisms . Journal of Educational Policy , 14 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale , R. 2000 . Globalization and education: Demonstrating a ‘common world educational culture’ or locating a ‘globally structured educational agenda’? . Educational Theory , 50 : 427 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Dale , R. and Robertson , S. 2002 . The varying effects of regional organizations as subjects of globalization of education . Comparative Education Review , 46 : 10 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale , R. and Robertson , S. 2004 . Interview with Boaventura de Sousa Santos . Globalisation, Societies and Education , 2 : 147 – 60 .
   Google Scholar
• Darmanin , M. and Mayo , P. . Globalisation, local demands and the HE market's two‐goal cushion . Paper presented at International Sociology of Education Conference ‘Globalisation, Higher Education and the Struggle for Change’ . November 7–9 , London, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Deem , R. , Mok , K.H. and Lucas , L. 2008 . Transforming higher education in whose image? Exploring the concept of the ‘world class’ university in Europe and Asia . Higher Education Policy , 21 : 83 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• EC . 2000 . “ Lisbon European Council 23 and 24 March 2000: Presidency conclusions ” . European Commission . http://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/lis1_en.htm#b
   Google Scholar
• EC . 2006a . Detailed analysis of progress: Towards the Lisbon Objectives in Education and Training. 2006 Report Analysis based on indicators and benchmarks (prepared by DG Education and Culture, Unit 6 with Eurostat, Eurydice European Unit, CRELL) , Brussels : European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• EC . . Conference ‘Entrepreneurship Education in Europe: Fostering entrepreneurial mindsets through education and learning’ . October 26–27 , Oslo. Brussels : European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• EC . 2006c . Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 February 2006 on further European cooperation in quality assurance in higher education . Official Journal of the European Union L , 64/61, 4–3–2006
   Google Scholar
• EC . 2007 . From Bergen to London: The contribution of the European Commission to the Bologna Process , Brussels : European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• EC . 2008 . First European forum on cooperation between higher education and the business community , Brussels : European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Education and Culture DG . 2008 . Higher education governance in Europe. Policies, structures, funding and academic staff , Brussels : European Commission, Eurydice .
   Google Scholar
• ESIB . 2006 . ESIB statement on: COM (2006) 208 final‐delivering on the modernisation agenda for universities , ESIB . http://www.esib.org/index.php/documents/statements/350-esib-statement-on-com2006-208final-delivering-on-the-modernisation-agenda-for-universities
   Google Scholar
• ESIB . 2008 . “ Berlusconi‐Gelmini ‘Reform’ of education in Italy: European student networks protest in Brussels ” . ESIB . http://www.esib.org/index.php/News/press-releases/452-support-italian-students
   Google Scholar
• Figel , J. . The modernisation agenda for European universities . Public speech at the Ceremony of the 22 Anniversary of the Open University of the Netherlands .
   Google Scholar
• Gentili , P. 2001 . “ The permanent crisis of the public university (originally in Nacla report on the Americas 33: 12–19). World Education News and Reviews 14 ” . World Education Services . http://www.wes.org/ewenr/01may/index.asp
   Google Scholar
• Gentili , P. 2005 . La falsificazione del consenso: Simulacro e imposizione nella riforma educativa del neoliberismo [The falsification of consensus: Simulacra and imposition in neoliberal educational reform] , Pisa : Edizioni ETS .
   Google Scholar
• Giroux , H. 2007 . The university in chains: Confronting the military‐industrial‐academic complex , Boulder, CO : Paradigm .
   Google Scholar
• Giroux , H. and Searls Giroux , S. 2004 . Take back higher education: Race, youth and the crisis of democracy in the post‐civil rights era , New York, Aldershot, , UK : Palgrave‐Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Hill , D. and Associates . 2005 . “ Education services liberalisation ” . In Winners or losers? Liberalizing public services , Edited by: Rosskam , E. 3 – 54 . Geneva : International Labour Office .
   Google Scholar
• Jessop , B. , Fairclough , N. and Wodak , R. , eds. 2008 . Education and the knowledge‐based economy in Europe , Rotterdam : Sense .
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser , F. , Beverwijk , J. , Cremonini , L. , Dassen , A. , Jongbloed , B. , Kaulisch , M. Kottmann , A. 2006 . Issues in higher education policy 2005: An update on higher education policy issues in 2005 in 10 western countries , Enschede : Center for Higher Education and Policy Studies, University of Twente .
   Google Scholar
• Lavoie , M. and Roy , R. 1998 . Employment in the knowledge‐based economy: A growth accounting exercise for Canada , Ottawa : Applied Research Branch, Human Resources Development Canada .
   Google Scholar
• LERU . 2006 . Universities and innovation: The challenge for Europe , Leuven : League of European Research Universities .
   Google Scholar
• Livingstone , D.W. 2004 . “ The learning society: Past, present and future views (R.W.B. Jackson Lecture, OISE/University of Toronto, October 14) ” . WALL, OISE/UT . www.wallnetwork.ca
   Google Scholar
• Macedo , D. , Dendrinos , B. and Gounari , P. 2003 . The hegemony of English , Boulder, CO : Paradigm .
   Google Scholar
• Marginson , S. and van der Wende , M.C. 2007 . Globalisation and higher education , Paris : OECD/CERI . Education Working Paper, No. 8
   Google Scholar
• Marginson , S. 2007 . “ Revisiting the definitions of ‘globalization’ and ‘internationalization’ ” . In Towards a cartography of higher education policy change. A festschrift in honour of Guy Neave , Edited by: Enders , J. and van Vught , F. 213 – 20 . Enschede : Center for Higher Education and Policy Studies, University of Twente .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , J. 1997 . “ Globalisation from below: The Trade Union connections ” . In Globalization, adult education and training. Impact and issues , Edited by: Walters , S. 57 – 68 . London and New York : Zed Books; Leicester, NIACE .
   Google Scholar
• Mayo , P. 2008 . “ Competenze e diritto all'apprendimento: Una concezione alternativa e critica [Competences and the right to learning: An alternative and critical conception] ” . In Competenze e diritto all'apprendimento [Competences and the right to learning] , Edited by: Batini , F. and Surian , A. 7 – 14 . Massa : Transeuropa .
   Google Scholar
• Morely , L. . Mapping meritocracy: Intersecting gender, poverty and higher educational opportunity structures . Paper presented at International Sociology of Education Conference ‘Globalisation, Higher Education and the Struggle for Change’ . November 7–9 , London, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Neave , G. 2006 . The evaluative state and Bologna: Old wine in new bottles or simply the ancient practice of ‘coupage’? Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University . Higher Education Forum , 3 : 27 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• OECD . 1996 . Lifelong learning for all , Paris : OECD .
   Google Scholar
• OECD . 2007 . Lifelong learning and human capital [sic]: Policy brief , Paris : OECD .
   Google Scholar
• Pannu , R.S. 1996 . Neoliberal project of globalization: Prospects for democratisation of education . Alberta Journal of Educational Research , XL11 : 87 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• Scott , P. 2007 . “ The ‘nationalisation’ of UK universities 1963–2007: Towards a cartography of higher education policy change ” . In A festschrift in honour of Guy Neave , Edited by: Enders , J. and van Vught , F. 213 – 20 . Enschede : Center for Higher Education and Policy Studies, University of Twente .
   Google Scholar
• Simons , M. 2006 . ‘Education through research’ at European universities: Notes on the orientation of academic research . Journal of Philosophy of Education , 40 ( 1 ) : 31 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sultana , R.G. . Career guidance policies: Global dynamics, local resonances . University of Derby 11th Annual Lecture . December 16 , Derby, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Surian , A. 2006 . “ Gli orientamenti degli Organismi internazionali sulla valutazione dell'istruzione superiore [The orientations of international organisations in the evaluation of higher education] ” . In Valutazione e qualità della didattica universitaria: Le prospettive nazionali e internazionali [Evaluation and the quality of university teaching: National and international perspectives] , Edited by: Semeraro , R. 11 – 46 . Milan : Franco Angeli .
   Google Scholar
• Surian , A. 2008 . “ Sogni, cocci, vasi: Ripensare le competenze nella formazione a partire dalla prospettiva interculturale [Dreams, earthenware pots and vases: Rethinking competences in the formation of persons starting from an intercultural perspective ” . In Competenze e diritto all'apprendimento [Competences and the right to learning] , Edited by: Batini , F. and Surian , A. 87 – 102 . Massa : Transeuropa .
   Google Scholar
• Torres , C.A. 2009 . Globalizations and education: Collected essays on class, race, gender, and the state , New York : Teachers College Press .
   Google Scholar
• Valimaa , J. 2007 . “ On traditions and historical layers in higher education ” . In Towards a cartography of higher education policy change. A festschrift in honour of Guy Neave , Edited by: Enders , J. and van Vught , F. 213 – 20 . Enschede : Center for Higher Education and Policy Studies, University of Twente .
   Google Scholar
• Vella , A. J. 2005 . “ University mathematics, science and technology education in Malta. Are we on course towards the Lisbon goals? ” . In The Lisbon objectives and Maltese education provision , Edited by: Camilleri , R. 145 – 55 . Floriana, , Malta : Education Division, Ministry of Education, Youth and Culture .
   Google Scholar
• Viviani , F. 2008 . “ Quella cattedra è assegnata. Se ci ostacoli avrai problemi [That chair is earmarked for someone. If you obstruct us you'll have problems] ” . La Repubblica . http://www.repubblica.it/2008/01/sezioni/scuola_e_universita/servizi/concorsopoli-atenei/nastro-messina/nastro-messina.html
   Google Scholar