452
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Studies in Humans

Effect of a weight-loss stabilization following a weight reduction with or without meal replacement on cardiometabolic risk in overweight women. A randomized controlled trial

, , , &
Pages 453-466 | Received 22 Jul 2018, Accepted 15 Oct 2018, Published online: 09 Jan 2019

References

  • Adam TC, Epel ES. 2007. Stress, eating and the reward system. Physiol Behav. 91:449–458.
  • Alberti KGMM, Zimmet P, Shaw J. 2006. Metabolic syndrome—a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med. 23:469–480.
  • Alberti KGMM, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WPT, Loria CM, Smith SC Jr. 2009. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 120:1640–1645.
  • Al-Khalidi B, Kimball SM, Kuk JL, Ardern CI. 2018. Metabolically healthy obesity, vitamin D, and all-cause and cardiometabolic mortality risk in NHANES III. Clin Nutr. S0261-5614:1–9.
  • Arsenault BJ, Lemieux I, Després JP, Wareham NJ, Kastelein JJP, Khaw KT, Boekholdt SM. 2010. The hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype and the risk of coronary artery disease: results from the EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study. CMAJ. 182:1427–1432.
  • Ashley JM, Herzog H, Clodfelter S, Bovee V, Schrage J, Pritsos C. 2007. Nutrient adequacy during weight loss interventions: a randomized study in women comparing the dietary intake in a meal replacement group with a traditional food group. Nutr J. 6:12.
  • Ashwell M, Gibson S. 2016. Waist-to-height ratio as an indicator of ‘early health risk’: simpler and more predictive than using a ‘matrix’ based on BMI and waist circumference. BMJ Open. 6:e010159.
  • Bedogni G, Bellentani S, Miglioli L, Masutti F, Passalacqua M, Castiglione A, Tiribelli C. 2006. The fatty liver index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis in the general population. BMC Gastroenterol. 6:33.
  • Byrne CD, Targher G. 2015. NAFLD: a multisystem disease. J Hepatol. 62:S47–S64.
  • Chaiyasoot K, Sarasak R, Pheungruang B, Dawilai S, Pramyothin P, Boonyasiri A, Supapueng O, Jassil FC, Yamwong P, Batterham RL. 2018. Evaluation of a 12-week lifestyle education intervention with or without partial meal replacement in Thai adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome: a randomised trial. Nutr Diabetes. 8:23.
  • Cook CM, McCormick CN, Knowles M, Kaden VN. 2017. A commercially available portion-controlled diet program is more effective for weight loss than a self-directed diet: results from a randomized clinical trial. Front Nutr. 4:55.
  • Damms-Machado A, Weser G, Bischoff SC. 2012. Micronutrient deficiency in obese subjects undergoing low calorie diet. Nutr J. 11:34.
  • Davis LM, Coleman C, Kiel J, Rampolla J, Hutchisen T, Ford L, Andersen WS, Hanlon-Mitola A. 2010. Efficacy of a meal replacement diet plan compared to a food-based diet plan after a period of weight loss and weight maintenance: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J. 9:11.
  • [DGE] German Nutrition Society. Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. 2012. The Nutrition Report 2012. Summary. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung e. V. Bonn, Germany.
  • Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, de Vries JHM, de Bree A, van der Put N, van Staveren WA, de Groot LCPGM. 2009. Dietary intake and status of folate and vitamin B12 and their association with homocysteine and cardiovascular disease in European populations. Eur J Clin Nutr. 63:18–30.
  • Elder CR, Gullion CM, Funk KL, Debar LL, Lindberg NM, Stevens VJ. 2012. Impact of sleep, screen time, depression and stress on weight change in the intensive weight loss phase of the LIFE study. Int J Obes. 36:86–92.
  • Espinosa De Ycaza AE, Donegan D, Jensen MD. 2018. Long-term metabolic risk for the metabolically healthy overweight/obese phenotype. Int J Obes. 42:302–309.
  • Fitzpatrick SL, Wischenka D, Appelhans BM, Pbert L, Wang M, Wilson DK, Pagoto SL. 2016. An evidence-based guide for obesity treatment in primary care. Am J Med. 129:115.e1–117.
  • Fothergill E, Guo J, Howard L, Kerns JC, Knuth ND, Brychta R, Chen KY, Skarulis MC, Walter M, Walter PJ, Hall KD. 2016. Persistent metabolic adaptation 6 years after “The Biggest Loser” competition. Obesity. 24:1612–1619.
  • Frankenfield DC, Muth ER, Rowe WA. 1998. The Harris–Benedict studies of human basal metabolism: history and limitations. J Am Diet Assoc. 98:439–445.
  • Ganguly P, Alam SF. 2015. Role of homocysteine in the development of cardiovascular disease. Nutr J. 14:6.
  • Gasevic D, Carlsson AC, Lesser IA, Mancini GJ, Lear SA. 2014. The association between “hypertriglyceridemic waist” and sub-clinical atherosclerosis in a multiethnic population: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis. 13:38.
  • Gebler L, Charuvastra M, Silver D. 2015. Nutritional deficiencies associated with obesity. J Obes Weight Loss Ther. 5:2.
  • Geiker NRW, Veller M, Kjoelbaek L, Jakobsen J, Ritz C, Raben A, Astrup A, Lorenzen JK, Larsen LH, Bügel S. 2018. Effect of low energy diet for eight weeks to adults with overweight or obesity on folate, retinol, vitamin B12, D and E status and the degree of inflammation: a post hoc analysis of a randomized intervention trial. Nutr Metab. 15:24.
  • Ghiadoni L, Donald AE, Cropley M, Mullen MJ, Oakley G, Taylor M, O’Connor G, Betteridge J, Klein N, Steptoe A, et al. 2000. Mental stress induces transient endothelial dysfunction in humans. Circulation. 102:2473–2478.
  • Guo F, Garvey WT. 2016. Cardiometabolic disease risk in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity: stability of metabolic health status in adults. Obesity. 24:516–525.
  • Hamer M, Stamatakis E. 2012. Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 97:2482–2488.
  • Hamer M, Steptoe A. 2012. Cortisol responses to mental stress and incident hypertension in healthy men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 97:E29–E34.
  • Heymsfield SB. 2010. Meal replacements and energy balance. Physiol Behav. 100:90–94.
  • Heymsfield SB, van Mierlo CAJ, van der Knaap HCM, Heo M, Frier HI. 2003. Weight management using a meal replacement strategy: meta and pooling analysis from six studies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 27:537–549.
  • Hinnouho G-M, Czernichow S, Dugravot A, Batty GD, Kivimaki M, Singh-Manoux A. 2013. Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of mortality: does the definition of metabolic health matter? Diabetes Care. 36:2294–2300.
  • Hinnouho GM, Czernichow S, Dugravot A, Nabi H, Brunner EJ, Kivimaki M, Singh-Manoux A. 2015. Metabolically healthy obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: the Whitehall II cohort study. Eur Heart J. 36:551–559.
  • Jakicic JM, Davis KK, Rogers RJ, King WC, Marcus MD, Helsel D, Rickman AD, Wahed AS, Belle SH. 2016. Effect of wearable technology combined with a lifestyle intervention on long-term weight loss: the IDEA Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 316:1161–1171.
  • Jung CH, Lee WJ, Song KH. 2017. Metabolically healthy obesity: a friend or foe? Korean J Intern Med. 32:611–621.
  • Kahathuduwa CN, Davis T, O’Boyle M, Boyd LA, Chin SH, Paniukov D, Binks M. 2018. Effects of 3-week total meal replacement vs. typical food-based diet on human brain functional magnetic resonance imaging food-cue reactivity and functional connectivity in people with obesity. Appetite. 120:431–441.
  • Kahn HS, Valdez R. 2003. Metabolic risks identified by the combination of enlarged waist and elevated triacylglycerol concentration. Am J Clin Nutr. 78:928–934.
  • Kimmons JE, Blanck HM, Tohill BC, Zhang J, Khan LK. 2006. Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults. MedGenMed. 8:59.
  • König D, Zdzieblik D, Deibert P, Berg A, Gollhofer A, Büchert M. 2015. Internal fat and cardiometabolic risk factors following a meal-replacement regimen vs. comprehensive lifestyle changes in obese subjects. Nutrients. 7:9825–9833.
  • Kruschitz R, Wallner-Liebmann S, Lothaller H, Luger M, Ludvik B. 2017. Long-term weight-loss maintenance by a meal replacement based weight management program in primary care. Obes Facts. 10:76–84.
  • Kusano C, Ferrari B. 2008. Total antioxidant capacity: a biomarker in biomedical and nutritional studies. J Cell Mol Biol. 7:1–15.
  • Langendonk JG, Kok P, Frölich M, Pijl H, Meinders AE. 2006. Decrease in visceral fat following diet-induced weight loss in upper body compared to lower body obese premenopausal women. Eur J Intern Med. 17:465–469.
  • Lean MEJ, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, Brosnahan N, Thom G, McCombie L, Peters C, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Al-Mrabeh A, Hollingsworth KG, et al. 2018. Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 391:541–551.
  • Lemieux I, Lamarche B, Couillard C, Pascot A, Cantin B, Bergeron J, Dagenais GR, Després JP. 2001. Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio vs LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio as indices of ischemic heart disease risk in men: the Quebec Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med. 161:2685–2692.
  • Lemieux I, Pascot A, Couillard C, Lamarche B, Tchernof A, Alméras N, Bergeron J, Gaudet D, Tremblay G, Prud’homme D, et al. 2000. Hypertriglyceridemic waist: a marker of the atherogenic metabolic triad (hyperinsulinemia; hyperapolipoprotein B; small, dense LDL) in men? Circulation. 102:179–184.
  • Lemieux I, Poirier P, Bergeron J, Alméras N, Lamarche B, Cantin B, Dagenais GR, Després JP. 2007. Hypertriglyceridemic waist: a useful screening phenotype in preventive cardiology? Can J Cardiol. 23(Suppl B):23B–31B.
  • Li J, Goh CE, Demmer RT, Whitcomb BW, Du P, Liu Z. 2017. Association between serum folate and insulin resistance among US nondiabetic adults. Sci Rep 7:9187.
  • Lonardo A, Ballestri S, Marchesini G, Angulo P, Loria P. 2015. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a precursor of the metabolic syndrome. Dig Liver Dis. 47:181–190.
  • Lopes HF, Martin KL, Nashar K, Morrow JD, Goodfriend TL, Egan BM. 2003. DASH diet lowers blood pressure and lipid-induced oxidative stress in obesity. Hypertension. 41:422–430.
  • MacLean PS, Bergouignan A, Cornier MA, Jackman MR. 2011. Biology’s response to dieting: the impetus for weight regain. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 301:R581–R600.
  • Magkos F, Fraterrigo G, Yoshino J, Luecking C, Kirbach K, Kelly SC, de Las Fuentes L, He S, Okunade AL, Patterson BW, et al. 2016. Effects of moderate and subsequent progressive weight loss on metabolic function and adipose tissue biology in humans with obesity. Cell Metab. 23:591–601.
  • Mason JE, Starke RD, Van Kirk JE. 2010. Gamma-glutamyl transferase: a novel cardiovascular risk biomarker. Prev Cardiol. 13:36–41.
  • McEwen BS. 2007. Physiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: central role of the brain. Physiol Rev. 87:873–904.
  • Metzner CE, Folberth-Vögele A, Bitterlich N, Lemperle M, Schäfer S, Alteheld B, Stehle P, Siener R. 2011. Effect of a conventional energy-restricted modified diet with or without meal replacement on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk profile in overweight women. Nutr Metab. 8:64.
  • Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Després JP, Fullerton HJ, et al. 2016. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2016 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 133:e38–e360.
  • Nackers LM, Ross KM, Perri MG. 2010. The association between rate of initial weight loss and long-term success in obesity treatment: does slow and steady win the race? Int J Behav Med. 17:161–167.
  • Nakazato M, Maeda T, Takamura N, Wada M, Yamasaki H, Johnston KE, Tamura T. 2011. Relation of body mass index to blood folate and total homocysteine concentrations in Japanese adults. Eur J Nutr. 50:581–585.
  • National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). 2002. Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program [NCEP] Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report. Circulation. 106:3143–3421.
  • Neter JE, Stam BE, Kok FJ, Grobbee DE, Geleijnse JM. 2003. Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension. 42:878–884.
  • Noakes M, Foster PR, Keogh JB, Clifton PM. 2004. Meal replacements are as effective as structured weight-loss diets for treating obesity in adults with features of metabolic syndrome. J Nutr. 134:1894–1899.
  • Nseir W, Hellou E, Assy N. 2014. Role of diet and lifestyle changes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 20:9338–9344.
  • O’Shaughnessy KM, Karet FE. 2004. Salt handling and hypertension. J Clin Invest. 113:1075–1081.
  • Ortega FB, Lee DC, Katzmarzyk PT, Ruiz JR, Sui X, Church TS, Blair SN. 2013. The intriguing metabolically healthy but obese phenotype: cardiovascular prognosis and role of fitness. Eur Heart J. 34:389–397.
  • Poli VFS, Sanches RB, Moraes ADS, Fidalgo JPN, Nascimento MA, Bresciani P, Andrade-Silva SG, Cipullo MAT, Clemente JC, Caranti DA. 2017. The excessive caloric intake and micronutrient deficiencies related to obesity after a long-term interdisciplinary therapy. Nutrition. 38:113–119.
  • Rolland C, Broom I. 2011. The effects of very-low-calorie diets on HDL: a review. Cholesterol. 2011:306278.
  • Roussell MA, Kris-Etherton P. 2007. Effects of lifestyle interventions on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. J Clin Lipidol. 1:65–73.
  • Ruttmann E, Brant LJ, Concin H, Diem G, Rapp K, Ulmer H, the Vorarlberg Health Monitoring and Promotion Program Study Group. 2005. Gamma-glutamyltransferase as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality: an epidemiological investigation in a cohort of 163 944 Austrian adults. Circulation. 112:2130–2137.
  • Savva SC, Lamnisos D, Kafatos AG. 2013. Predicting cardiometabolic risk: waist-to-height ratio or BMI. A meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 6:403–419.
  • Shikany JM, Thomas AS, Beasley TM, Lewis CE, Allison DB. 2013. Randomized controlled trial of the Medifast 5 & 1 Plan for weight loss. Int J Obes. 37:1571–1578.
  • Škovierová H, Vidomanová E, Mahmood S, Sopková J, Drgová A, Červeňová T, Halašová E, Lehotský J. 2016. The molecular and cellular effect of homocysteine metabolism imbalance on human health. Int J Mol Sci. 17:10.
  • Sofi F, Casini A. 2014. Mediterranean diet and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: new therapeutic option around the corner? World J Gastroenterol. 20:7339–7346.
  • Soleymani T, Daniel S, Garvey WT. 2016. Weight maintenance: challenges, tools and strategies for primary care physicians. Obes Rev. 17:81–93.
  • Stelmach-Mardas M, Mardas M, Walkowiak J, Boeing H. 2014. Long-term weight status in regainers after weight loss by lifestyle intervention: status and challenges. Proc Nutr Soc. 73:509–518.
  • Tchernof A, Després JP. 2013. Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update. Physiol Rev. 93:359–404.
  • Toth PP. 2005. High-density lipoprotein as a therapeutic target: clinical evidence and treatment strategies. Am J Cardiol. 96:50K–58K.
  • Troesch B, Hoeft B, McBurney M, Eggersdorfer M, Weber P. 2012. Dietary surveys indicate vitamin intakes below recommendations are common in representative Western countries. Br J Nutr. 108:692–698.
  • Van Gaal LF, Mertens IL, Ballaux D. 2005. What is the relationship between risk factor reduction and degree of weight loss? Eur Heart J Suppl. 7:L21–L26.
  • Velho S, Paccaud F, Waeber G, Vollenweider P, Marques-Vidal P. 2010. Metabolically healthy obesity: different prevalences using different criteria. Eur J Clin Nutr. 64:1043–1051.
  • Via M. 2012. The malnutrition of obesity: micronutrient deficiencies that promote diabetes. ISRN Endocrinol. 2012:103472.
  • Whitworth JA, Williamson PM, Mangos G, Kelly JJ. 2005. Cardiovascular consequences of cortisol excess. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 1:291–299.
  • Wing RR, Lang W, Wadden TA, Safford M, Knowler WC, Bertoni AG, Hill JO, Brancati FL, Peters A, Wagenknecht L. 2011. Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 34:1481–1486.
  • Woodside JV, McCall D, McGartland C, Young IS. 2005. Micronutrients: dietary intake v. supplement use. Proc Nutr Soc. 64:543–553.
  • Yau YHC, Potenza MN. 2013. Stress and eating behaviors. Minerva Endocrinol. 38:255–267.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.