393
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Comprehensive reviews

Dietary regulation of intestinal stem cells in health and disease

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 730-745 | Received 08 Aug 2023, Accepted 20 Sep 2023, Published online: 27 Sep 2023

References

  • Aliluev A, Tritschler S, Sterr M, Oppenländer L, Hinterdobler J, Greisle T, Irmler M, Beckers J, Sun N, Walch A, et al. 2021. Diet-induced alteration of intestinal stem cell function underlies obesity and prediabetes in mice. Nat Metab. 3(9):1202–1216. doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00458-9.
  • Alonso S, Yilmaz ÖH. 2018. Nutritional regulation of intestinal stem cells. Annu Rev Nutr. 38(1):273–301. doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051644.
  • Amelianchik A, Sweetland-Martin L, Norris EH. 2022. The effect of dietary fat consumption on Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis in mouse models. Transl Psychiatry. 12(1):293. doi:10.1038/s41398-022-02067-w.
  • Arima K, Zhong R, Ugai T, Zhao M, Haruki K, Akimoto N, Lau MC, Okadome K, Mehta RS, Väyrynen JP, et al. 2022. Western-style diet, pks island-carrying escherichia coli, and colorectal cancer: analyses from two large prospective cohort studies. Gastroenterology. 163(4):862–874. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2022.06.054.
  • Asfaha S. 2015. Intestinal stem cells and inflammation. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 25:62–66. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2015.11.008.
  • Bankaitis ED, Ha A, Kuo CJ, Magness ST. 2018. Reserve stem cells in intestinal homeostasis and injury. Gastroenterology. 155(5):1348–1361. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.016.
  • Barker N. 2014. Adult intestinal stem cells: critical drivers of epithelial homeostasis and regeneration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 15(1):19–33. doi:10.1038/nrm3721.
  • Barker N, Ridgway RA, van Es JH, van de Wetering M, Begthel H, van den Born M, Danenberg E, Clarke AR, Sansom OJ, Clevers H. 2009. Crypt stem cells as the cells-of-origin of intestinal cancer. Nature. 457(7229):608–611. doi:10.1038/nature07602.
  • Barker N, van Es JH, Kuipers J, Kujala P, van den Born M, Cozijnsen M, Haegebarth A, Korving J, Begthel H, Peters PJ, et al. 2007. Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5. Nature. 449(7165):1003–1007. doi:10.1038/nature06196.
  • Baron JA, Barry EL, Mott LA, Rees JR, Sandler RS, Snover DC, Bostick RM, Ivanova A, Cole BF, Ahnen DJ, et al. 2015. A trial of calcium and vitamin D for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med. 373(16):1519–1530. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1500409.
  • Beyaz S, Mana MD, Roper J, Kedrin D, Saadatpour A, Hong S-J, Bauer-Rowe KE, Xifaras ME, Akkad A, Arias E, et al. 2016. High-fat diet enhances stemness and tumorigenicity of intestinal progenitors. Nature. 531(7592):53–58. doi:10.1038/nature17173.
  • Beyaz S, Yilmaz ÖH. 2016. Molecular pathways: dietary regulation of stemness and tumor initiation by the PPAR-δ pathway. Clin Cancer Res. 22(23):5636–5641. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-0775.
  • Birtwell D, Luebeck G, Maley CC. 2020. The evolution of metapopulation dynamics and the number of stem cells in intestinal crypts and other tissue structures in multicellular bodies. Evol Appl. 13(7):1771–1783. doi:10.1111/eva.13069.
  • Bohin N, Keeley TM, Carulli AJ, Walker EM, Carlson EA, Gao J, Aifantis I, Siebel CW, Rajala MW, Myers MG. et al. 2020. Rapid crypt cell remodeling regenerates the intestinal stem cell niche after notch inhibition. Stem Cell Reports. 15(1):156–170. doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.05.010.
  • Brink LR, Mercer KE, Piccolo BD, Chintapalli SV, Elolimy A, Bowlin AK, Matazel KS, Pack L, Adams SH, Shankar K, et al. 2020. Neonatal diet alters fecal microbiota and metabolome profiles at different ages in infants fed breast milk or formula. Am J Clin Nutr. 111(6):1190–1202. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa076.
  • Carulli AJ, Samuelson LC, Schnell S. 2014. Unraveling intestinal stem cell behavior with models of crypt dynamics. Integr Biol. 6(3):243–257. doi: 10.1039/c3ib40163d.
  • Chen CN, Liao YH, Tsai SC, Thompson LV. 2019. Age-dependent effects of caloric restriction on mTOR and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways in skeletal muscles. Geroscience. 41(6):871–880. doi:10.1007/s11357-019-00109-8.
  • Chen L, Vasoya RP, Toke NH, Parthasarathy A, Luo S, Chiles E, Flores J, Gao N, Bonder EM, Su X, et al. 2020. HNF4 regulates fatty acid oxidation and is required for renewal of intestinal stem cells in mice. Gastroenterology. 158(4):985.e9–999.e9. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.031.
  • Cheng C-W, Biton M, Haber AL, Gunduz N, Eng G, Gaynor LT, Tripathi S, Calibasi-Kocal G, Rickelt S, Butty VL, et al. 2019. Ketone body signaling mediates intestinal stem cell homeostasis and adaptation to diet. Cell. 178(5):1115–1131.e15. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.048.
  • Cheng H, Zheng Z, Cheng T. 2020. New paradigms on hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. Protein Cell. 11(1):34–44. doi:10.1007/s13238-019-0633-0.
  • Chimienti G, Orlando A, Lezza AMS, D'Attoma B, Notarnicola M, Gigante I, Pesce V, Russo F. 2021. The ketogenic diet reduces the harmful effects of stress on gut mitochondrial biogenesis in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 22(7):3498.
  • Clevers H. 2013. The intestinal crypt, a prototype stem cell compartment. Cell. 154(2):274–284. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.004.
  • Cray P, Sheahan BJ, Dekaney CM. 2021. Secretory sorcery: paneth cell control of intestinal repair and homeostasis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 12(4):1239–1250. doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.006.
  • DeClercq V, McMurray DN, Chapkin RS. 2015. Obesity promotes colonic stem cell expansion during cancer initiation. Cancer Lett. 369(2):336–343. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.001.
  • Deng F, Wu Z, Zou F, Wang S, Wang X. 2022. The Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway in intestinal self-renewal and regeneration after injury. Front Cell Dev Biol. 10:894737. doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.894737.
  • Deng H, Gerencser AA, Jasper H. 2015. Signal integration by Ca(2+) regulates intestinal stem-cell activity. Nature. 528(7581):212–217. doi:10.1038/nature16170.
  • Di Tommaso N, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. 2021. Intestinal barrier in human health and disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 18(23):12836.
  • Dmitrieva-Posocco O, Wong AC, Lundgren P, Golos AM, Descamps HC, Dohnalová L, Cramer Z, Tian Y, Yueh B, Eskiocak O, et al. 2022. β-Hydroxybutyrate suppresses colorectal cancer. Nature. 605(7908):160–165. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04649-6.
  • Dote-Montero M, Sanchez-Delgado G, Ravussin E. 2022. Effects of intermittent fasting on cardiometabolic health: an energy metabolism perspective. Nutrients. 14(3):489. doi:10.3390/nu14030489.
  • Drucker DJ. 2018. Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application of glucagon-like peptide-1. Cell Metab. 27(4):740–756. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.001.
  • Dunel-Erb S, Chevalier C, Laurent P, Bach A, Decrock F, Le Maho Y. 2001. Restoration of the jejunal mucosa in rats refed after prolonged fasting. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 129(4):933–947. doi:10.1016/s1095-6433(01)00360-9.
  • Eddy K, Eddin MN, Fateeva A, Pompili SVB, Shah R, Doshi S, Chen S. 2022. Implications of a neuronal receptor family, metabotropic glutamate receptors, in cancer development and progression. Cells. 11(18):2857. doi:10.3390/cells11182857.
  • Emmanouilidou G, Kalopitas G, Bakaloudi DR, Karanika E, Theocharidou E, Germanidis G, Chourdakis M. 2022. Vitamin D as a chemopreventive agent in colorectal neoplasms. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Ther. 237:108252. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108252.
  • Farré R, Fiorani M, Abdu Rahiman S, Matteoli G. 2020. Intestinal permeability, inflammation and the role of nutrients. Nutrients. 12(4):1185. doi:10.3390/nu12041185.
  • Fatima S, Hu X, Huang C, Zhang W, Cai J, Huang M, Gong RH, Chen M, Ho AHM, Su T, et al. 2019. High-fat diet feeding and palmitic acid increase CRC growth in β2AR-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis. 10(10):711. doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1958-6.
  • Fawad JA, Luzader DH, Hanson GF, Moutinho TJ, McKinney CA, Mitchell PG, Brown-Steinke K, Kumar A, Park M, Lee S, et al. 2022. Histone deacetylase inhibition by gut microbe-generated short-chain fatty acids entrains intestinal epithelial circadian rhythms. Gastroenterology. 163(5):1377–1390.e11. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.051.
  • Febbraio MA, Karin M. 2021. Sweet death: fructose as a metabolic toxin that targets the gut-liver axis. Cell Metab. 33(12):2316–2328. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.004.
  • Frazer LC, Good M. 2022. Intestinal epithelium in early life. Mucosal Immunol. 15(6):1181–1187. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00579-8.
  • Funk MC, Zhou J, Boutros M. 2020. Ageing, metabolism and the intestine. EMBO Rep. 21(7):e50047.
  • Garland C, Shekelle RB, Barrett-Connor E, Criqui MH, Rossof AH, Paul O. 1985. Dietary vitamin D and calcium and risk of colorectal cancer: a 19-year prospective study in men. Lancet. 1(8424):307–309. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91082-7.
  • Ghiboub M, Penny S, Verburgt CM, Boneh RS, Wine E, Cohen A, Dunn KA, Pinto DM, Benninga MA, de Jonge WJ, et al. 2022. Metabolome changes with diet-induced remission in pediatric Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology. 163(4):922.e15–936.e15. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.050.
  • Gill SK, Rossi M, Bajka B, Whelan K. 2021. Dietary fibre in gastrointestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 18(2):101–116. doi:10.1038/s41575-020-00375-4.
  • Goncalves MD, Lu C, Tutnauer J, Hartman TE, Hwang SK, Murphy CJ, Pauli C, Morris R, Taylor S, Bosch K, et al. 2019. High-fructose corn syrup enhances intestinal tumor growth in mice. Science. 363(6433):1345–1349. doi:10.1126/science.aat8515.
  • Gou Y, Liu B, Cheng M, Yamada T, Iida T, Wang S, Banno R, Koike T. 2021. d-Allulose ameliorates skeletal muscle insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed rats. Molecules. 26(20):6310. doi:10.3390/molecules26206310.
  • Green CL, Lamming DW, Fontana L. 2022. Molecular mechanisms of dietary restriction promoting health and longevity. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 23(1):56–73. doi:10.1038/s41580-021-00411-4.
  • Gregorieff A, Liu Y, Inanlou MR, Khomchuk Y, Wrana JL. 2015. Yap-dependent reprogramming of Lgr5(+) stem cells drives intestinal regeneration and cancer. Nature. 526(7575):715–718. doi:10.1038/nature15382.
  • Haller S, Jasper H. 2016. You are what you eat: linking high-fat diet to stem cell dysfunction and tumorigenesis. Cell Stem Cell. 18(5):564–566. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.04.010.
  • Haller S, Kapuria S, Riley RR, O'Leary MN, Schreiber KH, Andersen JK, Melov S, Que J, Rando TA, Rock J, et al. 2017. mTORC1 activation during repeated regeneration impairs somatic stem cell maintenance. Cell Stem Cell. 21(6):806–818.e5. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2017.11.008.
  • Harvie MN, Pegington M, Mattson MP, Frystyk J, Dillon B, Evans G, Cuzick J, Jebb SA, Martin B, Cutler RG, et al. 2011. The effects of intermittent or continuous energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic disease risk markers: a randomized trial in young overweight women. Int J Obes. 35(5):714–727. doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.171.
  • Hayakawa Y, Nakagawa H, Rustgi AK, Que J, Wang TC. 2021. Stem cells and origins of cancer in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Cell Stem Cell. 28(8):1343–1361. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2021.05.012.
  • Hayase E, Hashimoto D, Nakamura K, Noizat C, Ogasawara R, Takahashi S, Ohigashi H, Yokoi Y, Sugimoto R, Matsuoka S, et al. 2017. R-Spondin1 expands paneth cells and prevents dysbiosis induced by graft-versus-host disease. J Exp Med. 214(12):3507–3518. doi:10.1084/jem.20170418.
  • Herrero-Labrador R, Trueba-Saiz A, Martinez-Rachadell L, Fernandez de Sevilla ME, Zegarra-Valdivia JA, Pignatelli J, Diaz-Pacheco S, Fernandez AM, Torres Aleman I. 2020. Circulating insulin-like growth factor I is involved in the effect of high fat diet on peripheral amyloid β clearance. Int J Mol Sci. 21(24):9675.
  • Hofer SJ, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Mueller MI, Madeo F. 2022. The ups and downs of caloric restriction and fasting: from molecular effects to clinical application. EMBO Mol Med. 14(1):e14418. doi:10.15252/emmm.202114418.
  • Hou Q, Ye L, Liu H, Huang L, Yang Q, Turner JR, Yu Q. 2018. Lactobacillus accelerates ISCs regeneration to protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa through activation of STAT3 signaling pathway induced by LPLs secretion of IL-22. Cell Death Differ. 25(9):1657–1670. doi:10.1038/s41418-018-0070-2.
  • Igarashi M, Guarente L. 2016. mTORC1 and SIRT1 cooperate to foster expansion of gut adult stem cells during calorie restriction. Cell. 166(2):436–450. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.044.
  • Jardé T, Chan WH, Rossello FJ, Kaur Kahlon T, Theocharous M, Kurian Arackal T, Flores T, Giraud M, Richards E, Chan E, et al. 2020. Mesenchymal Niche-derived neuregulin-1 drives intestinal stem cell proliferation and regeneration of damaged epithelium. Cell Stem Cell. 27(4):646–662.e7. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2020.06.021.
  • Jasper H. 2020. Intestinal stem cell aging: origins and interventions. Annu Rev Physiol. 82(1):203–226. doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034359.
  • Jeyachandran VR, Boal AK. 2022. Structural insights into auxiliary cofactor usage by radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 68:102153. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102153.
  • Ju Z, Guo P, Xiang J, Lei R, Ren G, Zhou M, Yang X, Zhou P, Huang R. 2022. Low-dose radiation exaggerates HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction by gut microbiota through PA-PYCR1 axis. Commun Biol. 5(1):945. doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03929-1.
  • Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy P, Srinivasan T, Bochter MS, Xi R, Varanko AK, Tung KL, Semerci F, Xu K, Maletic-Savatic M, Cole SE, et al. 2018. Radical and lunatic fringes modulate notch ligands to support mammalian intestinal homeostasis. Elife. 7:e35710. doi: 10.7554/eLife.35710.
  • Kaiko GE, Ryu SH, Koues OI, Collins PL, Solnica-Krezel L, Pearce EJ, Pearce EL, Oltz EM, Stappenbeck TS. 2016. The colonic crypt protects stem cells from microbiota-derived metabolites. Cell. 165(7):1708–1720. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.018.
  • Katano T, Bialkowska AB, Yang VW. 2020. KLF4 regulates goblet cell differentiation in BMI1(+) reserve intestinal stem cell lineage during homeostasis. Int J Stem Cells. 13(3):424–431. doi:10.15283/ijsc20048.
  • Kim CK, Saxena M, Maharjan K, Song JJ, Shroyer KR, Bialkowska AB, Shivdasani RA, Yang VW. 2020. Krüppel-like factor 5 regulates stemness, lineage specification, and regeneration of intestinal epithelial stem cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 9(4):587–609. doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.11.009.
  • Klement RJ, Sweeney RA. 2022. Impact of a ketogenic diet intervention during radiotherapy on body composition: v. Final results of the KETOCOMP study for head and neck cancer patients. Strahlenther Onkol. 198(11):981–993. doi:10.1007/s00066-022-01941-2.
  • Koundouros N, Blenis J. 2022. Targeting mTOR in the context of diet and whole-body metabolism. Endocrinology. 163(6):bqac041. doi:10.1210/endocr/bqac041.
  • Kraus WE, Bhapkar M, Huffman KM, Pieper CF, Krupa Das S, Redman LM, Villareal DT, Rochon J, Roberts SB, Ravussin E, et al. 2019. 2 years of calorie restriction and cardiometabolic risk (CALERIE): exploratory outcomes of a multicentre, phase 2, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 7(9):673–683. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30151-2.
  • Kretzschmar K, Clevers H. 2016. Organoids: modeling development and the stem cell niche in a dish. Dev Cell. 38(6):590–600. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.014.
  • Kuruvilla JG, Ghaleb AM, Bialkowska AB, Nandan MO, Vw Y. 2015. Role of Krüppel-like factor 5 in the maintenance of the stem cell niche in the intestinal crypt. Stem Cell Transl Investig. 2(2):e839.
  • Lappe J, Watson P, Travers-Gustafson D, Recker R, Garland C, Gorham E, Baggerly K, McDonnell SL. 2017. Effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on cancer incidence in older women: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 317(12):1234–1243. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2115.
  • Le Gall M, Thenet S, Aguanno D, Jarry AC, Genser L, Ribeiro-Parenti L, Joly F, Ledoux S, Bado A, Le Beyec J. 2019. Intestinal plasticity in response to nutrition and gastrointestinal surgery. Nutr Rev. 77(3):129–143. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy064.
  • Lehtovirta M, Matthews LA, Laitinen TT, Nuotio J, Niinikoski H, Rovio SP, Lagström H, Viikari JSA, Rönnemaa T, Jula A, et al. 2021. Achievement of the targets of the 20-year infancy-onset dietary intervention-association with metabolic profile from childhood to adulthood. Nutrients. 13(2):533. doi:10.3390/nu13020533.
  • Li N, Yao M, Liu J, Zhu Z, Lam TL, Zhang P, Kiang KM, Leung GK. 2022. Vitamin D promotes remyelination by suppressing c-Myc and inducing oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation after traumatic spinal cord injury. Int J Biol Sci. 18(14):5391–5404. doi:10.7150/ijbs.73673.
  • Li W, Lin Y, Luo Y, Wang Y, Lu Y, Li Y, Guo H. 2021. Vitamin D receptor protects against radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice via inhibition of intestinal crypt stem/progenitor cell apoptosis. Nutrients. 13(9):2910. doi:10.3390/nu13092910.
  • Li RJ, Liu Y, Liu HQ, Li J. 2020. Ketogenic diets and protective mechanisms in epilepsy, metabolic disorders, cancer, neuronal loss, and muscle and nerve degeneration. J Food Biochem. 44(3):e13140. doi:10.1111/jfbc.13140.
  • Li W, Peregrina K, Houston M, Augenlicht LH. 2020. Vitamin D and the nutritional environment in functions of intestinal stem cells: implications for tumorigenesis and prevention. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 198:105556. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105556.
  • Li X, Zheng S, Wu G. 2020. Nutrition and metabolism of glutamate and glutamine in fish. Amino Acids. 52(5):671–691. doi:10.1007/s00726-020-02851-2.
  • Li Y, Liu Y, Liu B, Wang J, Wei S, Qi Z, Wang S, Fu W, Chen YG. 2018. A growth factor-free culture system underscores the coordination between Wnt and BMP signaling in Lgr5(+) intestinal stem cell maintenance. Cell Discov. 4(1):49. doi:10.1038/s41421-018-0051-0.
  • Li Z, Heber D. 2020. Ketogenic diets. JAMA. 323(4):386. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18408.
  • Li Z, Heber D. 2021. Intermittent fasting. JAMA. 326(13):1338. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.15140.
  • Lindemans CA, Calafiore M, Mertelsmann AM, O'Connor MH, Dudakov JA, Jenq RR, Velardi E, Young LF, Smith OM, Lawrence G, et al. 2015. Interleukin-22 promotes intestinal-stem-cell-mediated epithelial regeneration. Nature. 528(7583):560–564. doi:10.1038/nature16460.
  • Liu D, Huang Y, Huang C, Yang S, Wei X, Zhang P, Guo D, Lin J, Xu B, Li C, et al. 2022. Calorie restriction with or without time-restricted eating in weight loss. N Engl J Med. 386(16):1495–1504. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2114833.
  • Longo VD, Mattson MP. 2014. Fasting: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications. Cell Metab. 19(2):181–192. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.008.
  • Luise D, Correa F, Chalvon-Demersay T, Galosi L, Rossi G, Lambert W, Bosi P, Trevisi P. 2022. Supplementation of mixed doses of glutamate and glutamine can improve the growth and gut health of piglets during the first 2 weeks post-weaning. Sci Rep. 12(1):14533. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-18330-5.
  • Luo H, Li M, Wang F, Yang Y, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Du F, Chen Y, Shen J, Zhao Q, et al. 2022. The role of intestinal stem cell within gut homeostasis: focusing on its interplay with gut microbiota and the regulating pathways. Int J Biol Sci. 18(13):5185–5206. doi:10.7150/ijbs.72600.
  • Ma L, Shen Q, Lyu W, Lv L, Wang W, Yu M, Yang H, Tao S, Xiao Y. 2022. Clostridium butyricum and its derived extracellular vesicles modulate gut homeostasis and ameliorate acute experimental colitis. Microbiol Spectr. 10(4):e0136822. doi:10.1128/spectrum.01368-22.
  • Mah AT, Van Landeghem L, Gavin HE, Magness ST, Lund PK. 2014. Impact of diet-induced obesity on intestinal stem cells: hyperproliferation but impaired intrinsic function that requires insulin/IGF1. Endocrinology. 155(9):3302–3314. doi:10.1210/en.2014-1112.
  • Malik VS. 2019. Non-sugar sweeteners and health. BMJ. 364:k5005. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k5005.
  • Mana MD, Kuo EY, Yilmaz ÖH. 2017. Dietary regulation of adult stem cells. Curr Stem Cell Rep. 3(1):1–8. doi:10.1007/s40778-017-0072-x.
  • McCay CM, Crowell MF, Maynard LA. 1989. The effect of retarded growth upon the length of life span and upon the ultimate body size. Nutrition. 5(3):155–171, discussion 172.
  • Mei SC, Brenner C. 2015. Calorie restriction-mediated replicative lifespan extension in yeast is non-cell autonomous. PLOS Biol. 13(1):e1002048. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002048.
  • Mercken EM, Carboneau BA, Krzysik-Walker SM, de Cabo R. 2012. Of mice and men: the benefits of caloric restriction, exercise, and mimetics. Ageing Res Rev. 11(3):390–398. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2011.11.005.
  • Metcalfe C, Kljavin NM, Ybarra R, de Sauvage FJ. 2014. Lgr5+ stem cells are indispensable for radiation-induced intestinal regeneration. Cell Stem Cell. 14(2):149–159. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2013.11.008.
  • Mihaylova MM, Cheng CW, Cao AQ, Tripathi S, Mana MD, Bauer-Rowe KE, Abu-Remaileh M, Clavain L, Erdemir A, Lewis CA, et al. 2018. Fasting activates fatty acid oxidation to enhance intestinal stem cell function during homeostasis and aging. Cell Stem Cell. 22(5):769–778.e4. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.04.001.
  • Moore SR, Guedes MM, Costa TB, Vallance J, Maier EA, Betz KJ, Aihara E, Mahe MM, Lima AA, Oriá RB, et al. 2015. Glutamine and alanyl-glutamine promote crypt expansion and mTOR signaling in murine enteroids. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 308(10):G831–9. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00422.2014.
  • Obata F, Tsuda-Sakurai K, Yamazaki T, Nishio R, Nishimura K, Kimura M, Funakoshi M, Miura M. 2018. Nutritional control of stem cell division through s-adenosylmethionine in drosophila intestine. Dev Cell. 44(6):741–751.e3. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2018.02.017.
  • Pak HH, Haws SA, Green CL, Koller M, Lavarias MT, Richardson NE, Yang SE, Dumas SN, Sonsalla M, Bray L, et al. 2021. Fasting drives the metabolic, molecular and geroprotective effects of a calorie-restricted diet in mice. Nat Metab. 3(10):1327–1341. doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00466-9.
  • Palikuqi B, Rispal J, Klein O. 2022. Good neighbors: the niche that fine tunes mammalian intestinal regeneration. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 14(5):a040865. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a040865.
  • Pálmer HG, González-Sancho JM, Espada J, Berciano MT, Puig I, Baulida J, Quintanilla M, Cano A, de Herreros AG, Lafarga M, et al. 2001. Vitamin D(3) promotes the differentiation of colon carcinoma cells by the induction of E-cadherin and the inhibition of beta-catenin signaling. J Cell Biol. 154(2):369–387. doi:10.1083/jcb.200102028.
  • Peregrina K, Houston M, Daroqui C, Dhima E, Sellers RS, Augenlicht LH. 2015. Vitamin D is a determinant of mouse intestinal Lgr5 stem cell functions. Carcinogenesis. 36(1):25–31. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgu221.
  • Petsakou A, Perrimon N. 2023. Bioelectric regulation of intestinal stem cells. Trends Cell Biol. 33(7):555–567. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2022.10.003.
  • Pinto AM, Bordoli C, Buckner LP, Kim C, Kaplan PC, Del Arenal IM, Jeffcock EJ, Hall WL. 2020. Intermittent energy restriction is comparable to continuous energy restriction for cardiometabolic health in adults with central obesity: a randomized controlled trial; the Met-IER study. Clin Nutr. 39(6):1753–1763. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.07.014.
  • Porzionato A, Stocco E, Emmi A, Contran M, Macchi V, Riccetti S, Sinigaglia A, Barzon L, De Caro R. 2021. Hypopharyngeal ulcers in COVID-19: histopathological and virological analyses – A case report. Front Immunol. 12:676828. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.676828.
  • Pradhan S, Weiss AA. 2020. Probiotic properties of Escherichia coli nissle in human intestinal organoids. mBio. 11(4):e01470. doi:10.1128/mBio.01470-20.
  • Puca F, Fedele M, Rasio D, Battista S. 2022. Role of diet in stem and cancer stem cells. Int J Mol Sci. Jul 2323(15):8108. doi:10.3390/ijms23158108.
  • Qi Z, Chen YG. 2015. Regulation of intestinal stem cell fate specification. Sci China Life Sci. 58(6):570–578. doi:10.1007/s11427-015-4859-7.
  • Rangan P, Choi I, Wei M, Navarrete G, Guen E, Brandhorst S, Enyati N, Pasia G, Maesincee D, Ocon V, et al. 2019. Fasting-mimicking diet modulates microbiota and promotes intestinal regeneration to reduce inflammatory bowel disease pathology. Cell Rep. 26(10):2704–2719.e6. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.019.
  • Rekha K, Venkidasamy B, Samynathan R, Nagella P, Rebezov M, Khayrullin M, Ponomarev E, Bouyahya A, Sarkar T, Shariati MA, et al. 2022. Short-chain fatty acid: an updated review on signaling, metabolism, and therapeutic effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 26:1–29. doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2124231.
  • Richmond CA, Shah MS, Carlone DL, Breault DT. 2016. An enduring role for quiescent stem cells. Dev Dyn. 245(7):718–726. doi:10.1002/dvdy.24416.
  • Richmond CA, Shah MS, Deary LT, Trotier DC, Thomas H, Ambruzs DM, Jiang L, Whiles BB, Rickner HD, Montgomery RK, et al. 2015. Dormant intestinal stem cells are regulated by PTEN and nutritional status. Cell Rep. 13(11):2403–2411. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.11.035.
  • Riehl TE, Alvarado D, Ee X, Zuckerman A, Foster L, Kapoor V, Thotala D, Ciorba MA, Stenson WF. 2019. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG protects the intestinal epithelium from radiation injury through release of lipoteichoic acid, macrophage activation and the migration of mesenchymal stem cells. Gut. 68(6):1003–1013. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316226.
  • Rubio C, Luna R, Rosiles A, Rubio-Osornio M. 2020. Caloric restriction and ketogenic diet therapy for epilepsy: a molecular approach involving Wnt pathway and K(ATP) channels. Front Neurol. 11:584298. doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.584298.
  • Rudnicki M, Abdifarkosh G, Rezvan O, Nwadozi E, Roudier E, Haas TL. 2018. Female mice have higher angiogenesis in perigonadal adipose tissue than males in response to high-fat diet. Front Physiol. 9:1452. doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01452.
  • Saito Y, Iwatsuki K, Hanyu H, Maruyama N, Aihara E, Tadaishi M, Shimizu M, Kobayashi-Hattori K. 2017. Effect of essential amino acids on enteroids: methionine deprivation suppresses proliferation and affects differentiation in enteroid stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 488(1):171–176. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.029.
  • Santos AJM, Lo YH, Mah AT, Kuo CJ. 2018. The intestinal stem cell niche: homeostasis and adaptations. Trends Cell Biol. 28(12):1062–1078. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2018.08.001.
  • Sato T, Clevers H. 2013. Growing self-organizing mini-guts from a single intestinal stem cell: mechanism and applications. Science. 340(6137):1190–1194. doi:10.1126/science.1234852.
  • Schrauwen P, Westerterp KR. 2000. The role of high-fat diets and physical activity in the regulation of body weight. Br J Nutr. 84(4):417–427. doi:10.1017/s0007114500001720.
  • Sebastian C, Ferrer C, Serra M, Choi JE, Ducano N, Mira A, Shah MS, Stopka SA, Perciaccante AJ, Isella C, et al. 2022. A non-dividing cell population with high pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase activity regulates metabolic heterogeneity and tumorigenesis in the intestine. Nat Commun. 13(1):1503. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29085-y.
  • Shah MS, Kim E, Davidson LA, Knight JM, Zoh RS, Goldsby JS, Callaway ES, Zhou B, Ivanov I, Chapkin RS. 2016. Data describing the effects of dietary bioactive agents on colonic stem cell microRNA and mRNA expression. Data Brief. 6:398–404. doi:10.1016/j.dib.2015.12.026.
  • Sharma S, Wistuba J, Pock T, Schlatt S, Neuhaus N. 2019. Spermatogonial stem cells: updates from specification to clinical relevance. Hum Reprod Update. 25(3):275–297. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmz006.
  • Shiraki N, Shiraki Y, Tsuyama T, Obata F, Miura M, Nagae G, Aburatani H, Kume K, Endo F, Kume S. 2014. Methionine metabolism regulates maintenance and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Metab. 19(5):780–794. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.03.017.
  • Slavin J. 2013. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 5(4):1417–1435. doi:10.3390/nu5041417.
  • Snigdha S, Ha K, Tsai P, Dinan TG, Bartos JD, Shahid M. 2022. Probiotics: potential novel therapeutics for microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunction across gender and lifespan. Pharmacol Ther. 231:107978. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107978.
  • Sowah SA, Milanese A, Schübel R, Wirbel J, Kartal E, Johnson TS, Hirche F, Grafetstätter M, Nonnenmacher T, Kirsten R, et al. 2022. Calorie restriction improves metabolic state independently of gut microbiome composition: a randomized dietary intervention trial. Genome Med. 14(1):30. doi:10.1186/s13073-022-01030-0.
  • Sun Q, Huang M, Wei Y. 2021. Diversity of the reaction mechanisms of SAM-dependent enzymes. Acta Pharm Sin B. 11(3):632–650. doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2020.08.011.
  • Sureban SM, May R, Qu D, Chandrakesan P, Weygant N, Ali N, Lightfoot SA, Ding K, Umar S, Schlosser MJ, et al. 2015. Dietary pectin increases intestinal crypt stem cell survival following radiation injury. PLoS One. 10(8):e0135561. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135561.
  • Suzuki A, Sekiya S, Gunshima E, Fujii S, Taniguchi H. 2010. EGF signaling activates proliferation and blocks apoptosis of mouse and human intestinal stem/progenitor cells in long-term monolayer cell culture. Lab Invest. 90(10):1425–1436. doi:10.1038/labinvest.2010.150.
  • Tabrizian T, Wang D, Guan F, Hu Z, Beck AP, Delahaye F, Huffman DM. 2017. Apc inactivation, but not obesity, synergizes with Pten deficiency to drive intestinal stem cell-derived tumorigenesis. Endocr Relat Cancer. 24(6):253–265. doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0536.
  • Takahashi H, Hosono K, Endo H, Nakajima A. 2013. Colon epithelial proliferation and carcinogenesis in diet-induced obesity. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 28(Suppl 4):41–47. doi: 10.1111/jgh.12240.
  • Tang D, Tao S, Chen Z, Koliesnik IO, Calmes PG, Hoerr V, Han B, Gebert N, Zörnig M, Löffler B, et al. 2021. Correction: dietary restriction improves repopulation but impairs lymphoid differentiation capacity of hematopoietic stem cells in early aging. J Exp Med. 218(1):535–553.
  • Taylor SR, Ramsamooj S, Liang RJ, Katti A, Pozovskiy R, Vasan N, Hwang SK, Nahiyaan N, Francoeur NJ, Schatoff EM, et al. 2021. Dietary fructose improves intestinal cell survival and nutrient absorption. Nature. 597(7875):263–267. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03827-2.
  • Tinkum KL, Stemler KM, White LS, Loza AJ, Jeter-Jones S, Michalski BM, Kuzmicki C, Pless R, Stappenbeck TS, Piwnica-Worms D, et al. 2015. Fasting protects mice from lethal DNA damage by promoting small intestinal epithelial stem cell survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112(51):E7148–E7154.
  • Trouwborst I, Goossens GH, Astrup A, Saris WHM, Blaak EE. 2021. Sexual dimorphism in body weight loss, improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors and maintenance of beneficial effects 6 months after a low-calorie diet: results from the randomized controlled DiOGenes trial. Nutrients. 13(5):1588. doi:10.3390/nu13051588.
  • Tsai YH, Wu A, Wu JH, Capeling MM, Holloway EM, Huang S, Czerwinkski M, Glass I, Higgins PDR, Spence JR. 2022. Acquisition of NOTCH dependence is a hallmark of human intestinal stem cell maturation. Stem Cell Reports. 17(5):1138–1153. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.007.
  • van der Flier LG, Clevers H. 2009. Stem cells, self-renewal, and differentiation in the intestinal epithelium. Annu Rev Physiol. 71(1):241–260. doi: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.010908.163145.
  • van der Flier LG, van Gijn ME, Hatzis P, Kujala P, Haegebarth A, Stange DE, Begthel H, van den Born M, Guryev V, Oving I, et al. 2009. Transcription factor achaete scute-like 2 controls intestinal stem cell fate. Cell. 136(5):903–912. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.031.
  • von Schwartzenberg RJ, Bisanz JE, Lyalina S, Spanogiannopoulos P, Ang QY, Cai J, Dickmann S, Friedrich M, Liu SY, Collins SL, et al. 2021. Caloric restriction disrupts the microbiota and colonization resistance. Nature. 595(7866):272–277. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03663-4.
  • Wactawski-Wende J, Kotchen JM, Anderson GL, Assaf AR, Brunner RL, O'Sullivan MJ, Margolis KL, Ockene JK, Phillips L, Pottern L, et al. 2006. Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 354(7):684–696. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa055222.
  • Wang W, Geng M, Zhu C, Huang L, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Zhao C, Zhang T, Du X, Wang N. 2022. Protective effects and mechanism of a novel probiotic strain Ligilactobacillus salivarius YL20 against Cronobacter sakazakii-induced necrotizing enterocolitis in vitro and in vivo. Nutrients. 14(18):3827. doi: 10.3390/nu14183827.
  • Wang X, Liang B, Li J, Pi X, Zhang P, Zhou X, Chen X, Zhou S, Yang R. 2022. Identification and characterization of four immune-related signatures in keloid. Front Immunol. 13:942446. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.942446.
  • Wilkinson AC, Igarashi KJ, Nakauchi H. 2020. Haematopoietic stem cell self-renewal in vivo and ex vivo. Nat Rev Genet. 21(9):541–554. doi:10.1038/s41576-020-0241-0.
  • Willett W. 1989. The search for the causes of breast and colon cancer. Nature. 338(6214):389–394. doi: 10.1038/338389a0.
  • Wolter M, Grant ET, Boudaud M, Steimle A, Pereira GV, Martens EC, Desai MS. 2021. Leveraging diet to engineer the gut microbiome. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 18(12):885–902. doi:10.1038/s41575-021-00512-7.
  • Wu H, Xie S, Miao J, Li Y, Wang Z, Wang M, Yu Q. 2020. Lactobacillus reuteri maintains intestinal epithelial regeneration and repairs damaged intestinal mucosa. Gut Microbes. 11(4):997–1014. doi:10.1080/19490976.2020.1734423.
  • Wu J, Yang K, Fan H, Wei M, Xiong Q. 2023. Targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol. 14:1114424. doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1114424.
  • Xie J, Li LF, Dai TY, Qi X, Wang Y, Zheng TZ, Gao XY, Zhang YJ, Ai Y, Ma L, et al. 2022. Short-chain fatty acids produced by ruminococcaceae mediate α-linolenic acid promote intestinal stem cells proliferation. Mol Nutr Food Res. 66(1):e2100408.
  • Xu Z, Tao J, Chen P, Chen L, Sharma S, Wang G, Dong Q. 2018. Sodium butyrate inhibits colorectal cancer cell migration by downregulating Bmi-1 through enhanced miR-200c expression. Mol Nutr Food Res. 62(6):e1700844.
  • Yaku K, Palikhe S, Izumi H, Yoshida T, Hikosaka K, Hayat F, Karim M, Iqbal T, Nitta Y, Sato A, et al. 2021. BST1 regulates nicotinamide riboside metabolism via its glycohydrolase and base-exchange activities. Nat Commun. 12(1):6767. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27080-3.
  • Yan KS, Chia LA, Li X, Ootani A, Su J, Lee JY, Su N, Luo Y, Heilshorn SC, Amieva MR, et al. 2012. The intestinal stem cell markers Bmi1 and Lgr5 identify two functionally distinct populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109(2):466–471. doi:10.1073/pnas.1118857109.
  • Yan KS, Janda CY, Chang J, Zheng GXY, Larkin KA, Luca VC, Chia LA, Mah AT, Han A, Terry JM, et al. 2017. Non-equivalence of Wnt and R-spondin ligands during Lgr5(+) intestinal stem-cell self-renewal. Nature. 545(7653):238–242. doi: 10.1038/nature22313.
  • Yang K, Kurihara N, Fan K, Newmark H, Rigas B, Bancroft L, Corner G, Livote E, Lesser M, Edelmann W, et al. 2008. Dietary induction of colonic tumors in a mouse model of sporadic colon cancer. Cancer Res. 68(19):7803–7810. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-1209.
  • Yilmaz ÖH, Katajisto P, Lamming DW, Gültekin Y, Bauer-Rowe KE, Sengupta S, Birsoy K, Dursun A, Yilmaz VO, Selig M, et al. 2012. mTORC1 in the Paneth cell niche couples intestinal stem-cell function to calorie intake. Nature. 486(7404):490–495. doi:10.1038/nature11163.
  • Yoneda J, Nishikawa S, Kurihara S. 2021. Oral administration of cystine and theanine attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis and diarrhea by sup­pressing both glutathione level decrease and ROS ­production in the small intestine of mucositis mouse model. BMC Cancer. 21(1):1343. doi:10.1186/s12885-021-09057-z.
  • Yousefi M, Nakauka-Ddamba A, Berry CT, Li N, Schoenberger J, Bankler-Jukes D, Simeonov KP, Cedeno RJ, Yu Z, Lengner CJ. 2018. Calorie restriction governs intestinal epithelial regeneration through cell-autonomous regulation of mTORC1 in reserve stem cells. Stem Cell Reports. 10(3):703–711. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.01.026.
  • Zhang X, Fisher R, Hou W, Shields D, Epperly MW, Wang H, Wei L, Leibowitz BJ, Yu J, Alexander LM, et al. 2020. Second-generation probiotics producing IL-22 increase survival of mice after total body irradiation. In Vivo. 34(1):39–50. doi:10.21873/invivo.11743.
  • Zhang X, Jin Q, Jin LH. 2017. High sugar diet disrupts gut homeostasis though JNK and STAT pathways in Drosophila. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 487(4):910–916. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.156.
  • Zhang Z, Huang J. 2013. Intestinal stem cells – types and markers. Cell Biol Int. 37(5):406–414. doi: 10.1002/cbin.10049.
  • Zhu M, Qin YC, Gao CQ, Yan HC, Li XG, Wang XQ. 2019. Extracellular glutamate-induced mTORC1 activation via the IR/IRS/PI3K/Akt pathway enhances the expansion of porcine intestinal stem cells. J Agric Food Chem. 67(34):9510–9521. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03626.
  • Zhu M, Qin YC, Gao CQ, Yan HC, Wang XQ. 2020. l-Glutamate drives porcine intestinal epithelial renewal by increasing stem cell activity via upregulation of the EGFR-ERK-mTORC1 pathway. Food Funct. 11(3):2714–2724. doi:10.1039/c9fo03065d.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.